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| 1 | 2018加拿大心境障碍与焦虑障碍治疗协作组/国际双相障碍学会指南:双相障碍的管理显示文摘加拿大心境障碍与焦虑障碍治疗协作组(Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments,CANMAT)曾于2005年发布了第1版双相障碍管理指南,并分别于2007、2009和2013年对该指南进行了更新,其中最近的2次更新是与国际双相障碍学会(International Society for Bipolar Disorders,ISBD)合作完成。2018版CANMAT/ISBD双相障碍治疗指南(以下简称指南)反映了自2005年首版指南发表以来本领域取得的重大进展,包括疾病诊断与疾病管理的更新以及药物治疗与心理治疗的近期研究进展。这些前沿进展中综合考虑了循证证据的级别,并基于治疗疗效、临床实践经验、安全性、耐受性和药物导致的转相风险等,对一线、二线及三线治疗方案进行了简明而清晰的推荐。本指南中新增内容涵盖了双相Ⅰ型障碍(BD-Ⅰ)的躁狂发作急性期、抑郁发作急性期和双相障碍维持期的一线及二线治疗推荐等级划分。这种对治疗推荐等级的划分综合考虑了治疗方法对双相障碍不同时相的影响,将进一步帮助临床医生做出基于循证证据的治疗决策。锂盐、喹硫平、双丙戊酸盐、阿塞那平、阿立哌唑、帕利哌酮、利培酮和卡利拉嗪单药或联合使用被推荐为躁狂发作急性期的一线治疗选择。BD-Ⅰ抑郁期的一线治疗选择包括喹硫平、鲁拉西酮、锂盐、拉莫三嗪单药,鲁拉西酮联合锂盐或双丙戊酸盐或拉莫三嗪辅助治疗。尽管急性期治疗有效的药物通常应继续用于BD-Ⅰ的维持期治疗,但也存在一些特殊情况(例如抗抑郁药)。现有数据表明,锂盐、喹硫平、双丙戊酸盐、拉莫三嗪、阿塞那平和阿立哌唑单药或联合治疗应被视为维持治疗的初始或更换治疗方案时的一线选择。除了探讨BD-Ⅰ的相关问题外,本指南中还对双相Ⅱ型障碍(BD-Ⅱ)的临床管理进行了系统回顾并给予治疗推荐,同时针对特殊人群也有相关推荐,如处于各个生殖周期的女性、儿童、青少年和老年人。此外,本指南中还讨论了特定精神疾病及共病(如物质滥用、焦虑障碍和代谢性疾病)的影响。最后,本指南中概述了安全性和药物监测的相关问题。CANMAT/ISBD工作组希望本指南能够成为全球临床医生的实用工具。 | Lakshmi N Yatham Sidney H Kennedy Sagar V Parikh Ayal Sehaffer David J Bond Benicio N Frey Verinder Sharma Benjamin I Goldstein Soham Rej Serge Beaulieu Martin Alda Glenda MaeQueen Roumen V Milev Arun Ravindran Claire O'Donovan Diane Mclntosh Raymond W Lam Gustavo Vazquez Flavio Kapczinski Roger S Melntyre Jan Kozicky Shigenobu Kanba Beny Lafer Trisha Suppes Joseph R Calabrese Eduard Vieta Gin Malhi Robert M Post Michael Berk 胡晨(译) 王刚(译) | 2019 | 中华精神科杂志2019，52，1： | 25 |
| 2 | Cancer and age related colonic crypt deficiencies in cytochrome c oxidase Ⅰ显示文摘AIM: To investigate whether defi ciency of expressionof cytochrome c oxidase I (CcOI) in colonic crypts is associated with colon cancer.METHODS: The pattern and level of expression of CcOI in non-neoplastic colonic crypts,and in dysplastic tissues,was assessed using standard immunohis-tochemical methods.Biopsies were obtained from individuals undergoing colonoscopies for screening purposes or for a medically indicated reason.Tissue samples were also obtained from surgical colonic resections.Samples from resections were taken from colonic mucosa 1 and 10 cm from tumors and from the tumors themselves.Samples were evaluated for frequency of crypts with reduced or absent expression of CcOI.In most crypts the loss was apparent throughout the entire crypt,while in a small minority the loss was segmental.The strong immunoreactivity using this monoclonal antibody makes the scoring unambiguous.The percent of crypts with reduced or absent expression of CcOI or (infrequent) segmented loss of expression was then calculated.Data analyses were performed using SPSS statistical package 17.0.RESULTS: The average frequency of CcOI deficient crypts (CcOI-DC) is low in individuals between 20 and 39 years of age,with 0.48% ± 0.40% CcOI-DC for women and 1.80% ± 0.35% for men.CcOI-DC increases after age 40 years,so that between the ages of 40 and 44 years the average frequency of CcOI- DC goes up to 5.89% ± 0.84% in women and 2.15% ± 1.27% in men.By 80-84 years of age,the average frequency of CcOI-DC goes up in women to 15.77% ± 0.97% and in men to 22.6% ± 0.65%.The increases in CcOI-DC from ages 40-44 years compared to 80-84 years in women and men are significantly different with P < 0.01.For women over age 60 years,deficiency of CcOI expression is greater in those women who have had a cancer in their colon.The frequency of CcOI-DC,measured in men,increased in tissues adjacent to colon cancer,being 4.03% ± 0.27% in individuals free of neoplasia in the age range 55-64 yearsand 14.13% ± 0.35% in resected histologically normal tissue of men with cancer in the same age range,P < 0.001.Similar signifi cant differences were noted in older age ranges.The frequency of CcOI-DC crypts in the cecum and sigmoid colon of an individual are signifi cantly correlated,with an R2 = 0.414 for women and R2 = 0.528 for men,P < 0.001.This suggests that the factors determining the level of CcOI deficiency act throughout the colon.Most defective crypts are in clusters of two or more,a likely consequence of crypt fission.In the non-neoplastic margins of cancers,crypts are frequently defi cient for CcOI,and such crypts may appear in large clusters,some containing more than 100 defi cient crypts.CcOI defi ciency is also apparent in colon cancers and sometimes involves a large section of the tumor.Overall,CcOI deficient cells can be visualized in segments of crypts,in whole crypts that increase in frequency with age,in crypts undergoing f ission,in clusters of crypts where the clusters increase in size with age,in increased frequency near tumors,in large clusters in the intimate margins of tumors,and in the tumors themselves.There is no clear dividing line between early stages that can be considered aspects of aging and later stages that can be considered aspects of the progression to cancer.This ambiguity may re ect a rather general situation leading to adult cancer where the early stages of cellular change appear to be relatively innocuous features of the aging process but over decades may evolve into malignancy.CONCLUSION: CcOI defi cient crypts increase in frequency with age,and clusters of defi cient crypts are associated with,and may give rise to,colon cancer. | Carol Bernstein Alexander Facista Huy Nguyen Beryl Zaitlin Nadia Hassounah Cristy Loustaunau Claire Margaret Payne Bhaskar Banerjee Steve Goldschmid V Liana Tsikitis Robert Krouse Harris Bernstein | 2010 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Oncology2010，2，12： | 5 |
| 3 | Imaging of liver cancer显示文摘Improvements in imaging technology allow exploitation of the dual blood supply of the liver to aid in the identif ication and characterisation of both malignant and benign liver lesions. Imaging techniques available include contrast enhanced ultrasound, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging. This review discusses the application of several imaging techniques in the diagnosis and staging of both hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma and outlines certain characteristics of benign liver lesions. The advantages of each imaging technique are highlighted, while underscoring the potential pitfalls and limitations of each imaging modality. | Ben Ariff Claire R Lloyd Sameer Khan Mohamed Shariff Andrew V Thillainayagam Devinder S Bansi Shahid A Khan Simon D Taylor-Robinson Adrian KP Lim | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，11： | 4 |
| 4 | CD133 expression is not restricted to stem cells, and both CD133^sup +^ and CD133^sup -^ metastatic colon cancer cells initiate tumors显示文摘 | Shmelkov Sergey V Butler Jason M Hooper Andrea T Hormigo Adilia Kushner Jared Milde Till Clair Ryan St Baljevic Muhamed White Ian Jin David K Chadburn Amy Murphy Andrew J Valenzuela David M Gale Nicholas W Thurston Gavin Yancopoulos George | 2008 | Journal of Clinical Investigation2008，，： | 2 |
| 5 | 印度农业推广改革现状:战略重点和政策选择显示文摘独立以来,虽然印度农业推广经历了翻天覆地的变化,但是小农农民和其他弱势群体仍未参与到公共推广体系之中。许多组织性能问题妨碍了公共推广体系的效率和效果。这些问题包括人员的匮乏,较低的合作伙伴关系以及继续自上而下的线性推广方式。本文回顾了印度农业推广改革的现状,并基于比哈尔、喜马偕尔邦、马哈拉施特拉邦和泰米尔纳德邦等4个邦的实地调研,分析并进一步细化了当前的改革进程,在此基础上,提出了促进农业公共推广体系有序发展和运行的优先政策和战略选择。 | Suresh C Babu P K Joshi Claire J.Glendenning Kwadwo Asenso-Okyere Rasheed Sulaiman V 蔡彦虹(翻译) | 2017 | 世界农业2017，，7： | 2 |
| 6 | AC133/CD133/Prominin-1显示文摘 | SHMELKOV S V st CLAIR R LYDEN D | 2005 | Int Biochem Cell Biol2005，37，4： | 1 |
| 7 | Alternative promoters regulate transcription of the gene that encodes stem cell surface protein AC133显示文摘 | KOV S V JUN L st CLAIR R | 2004 | Blood2004，103，6： | 1 |
| 8 | The importance of fluid management in acute lung injury secondary to septic shock显示文摘 | Claire V Murphy Garrett E | 2009 | Chest2009，136，7： | 1 |
| 9 | McGuire,Pamela Child, and Terry Fujioka, Salience of ethnicity in the spontaneous self- concept as a function of one' s eth- nic distinctiveness in the social environment 显示文摘 | McGuire William J Claire V | 1978 | Journal of Personality and Social Psychology1978，36，5： | 1 |
| 10 | McGuire, andWard Winton, Effects of household sex composition on thesalience of one' s gender in the spontaneous self - concept 显示文摘 | McGuire William J Claire V | 1979 | Journal of Experimental Social Psychology1979，，15： | 1 |
| 11 | Xerogelencapsulated W110A secondary alcohol dehydrogenase from Thermoanaerobacter ethanolicus performs asymmetric reduction of hydropbobic ketanes in organic solvents显示文摘 | MUSA M M KARLA I Z F CLAIRE V | 2007 | Angewandte Chemie2007，46，17： | 1 |
| 12 | Antifouling Activities and Inhibition of Mytilis Phenoxidase Marine Biotechnology 显示文摘 | Frederic Z Claire H Alain V | 2002 | Marine Biotechnology2002，4，04： | 1 |
| 13 | The RNA-binding protein HuR promotes cell migration and cell invasion by stabilizing the beta-actin mRNA in a U-rich-element-dependent manner显示文摘 | Dormoy-Raclet V Menard I Clair E | 2007 | Mol Cell Bio12007，27，15： | 1 |
| 14 | Complex systems model of fatigue: integrative homoeostatic control of peripheral physiological systems during exercise in humans 显示文摘 | LAMBERT E V ST CLAIR GIBSON A NOAKES T D | 2005 | Br J Sports Med2005，39，： | 1 |
| 15 | Sustainable Development Principles for the Disposal of Mining and Mineral Processing Wastes显示文摘 | Daniel M F David V B Claire M C | 2011 | Resources Policy2011，36，2： | 1 |
| 16 | HIV-1 protease inhibitors do not interfere with provirus transcription and host cell apoptosis induced by combined treatment TNF-α+ TSA显示文摘 | Claire V Vincent Q Michel M | 2007 | Bioche Pharm2007，73，11： | 1 |
| 17 | Pyrrole oxidation and protein cross-linking as necessary steps in the development of gamma-diketone neuropathy显示文摘 | Genter St Clair MB Amarnath V Moody MA | 1988 | Chem Res Toxicol1988，1，： | 1 |
| 18 | Expression of purinergic receptors in non-melanoma skin cancers and their functional roles in A431 cells显示文摘 | Aina V H Greig Claire Linge Vourneen Healy | 2003 | J Invest Dermatol2003，121，2： | 1 |
| 19 | Complex systems model of fatigue: integrative homoeo- static control of peripheral physiological systems during exercise in humans显示文摘 | Lambert E V St Clair Gibson A Noakes T D | 2005 | Br J Sports Med2005，39，1： | 1 |
| 20 | A histological study of shell disease syndrome in the edible crab Cancer pagurus 显示文摘 | CLAIRE L V CAROLINA C R ANDREW F R | 2001 | Diseases of Aquatic Organisms2001，47，： | 1 |
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