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| 1 | Diagnosis of gastrointestinal bleeding: A practical guide for clinicians显示文摘Gastrointestinal bleeding is a common problem encountered in the emergency department and in the primary care setting. Acute or overt gastrointestinal bleeding is visible in the form of hematemesis, melena or hematochezia. Chronic or occult gastrointestinal bleeding is notapparent to the patient and usually presents as positive fecal occult blood or iron deficiency anemia. Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding is recurrent bleeding when the source remains unidentified after upper endoscopy and colonoscopic evaluation and is usually from the small intestine. Accurate clinical diagnosis is crucial and guides definitive investigations and interventions. This review summarizes the overall diagnostic approach to gastrointestinal bleeding and provides a practical guide for clinicians. | Bong Sik Matthew Kim Bob T Li Alexander Engel Jaswinder S Samra Stephen Clarke Ian D Norton Angela E Li | 2014 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2014，5，4： | 13 |
| 2 | Passive expansion of sub-maximally dilated transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts and assessment of clinical outcomes显示文摘AIM To assess for passive expansion of sub-maximally dilated transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunts(TIPS) and compare outcomes with maximally dilated TIPS.METHODS Polytetrafluoroethylene covered TIPS(Viatorr) from July 2002 to December 2013 were retrospectively reviewed at two hospitals in a single institution. Two hundred and thirty patients had TIPS maximally dilated to 10 mm(m TIPS), while 43 patients who were at increased risk for hepatic encephalopathy(HE), based on clinical evaluation or low pre-TIPS portosystemic gradient(PSG), had 10 mm TIPS sub-maximally dilated to 8 mm(sm TIPS). Group characteristics(age, gender, Model for End-Stage Liver Disease score, post-TIPS PSG and clinical outcomes were compared between groups, including clinical success(ascites or varices), primary patency,primary assisted patency, and severe post-TIPS HE. A subset of fourteen patients with sm TIPS underwent follow-up computed tomography imaging after TIPS creation, and were grouped based on time of imaging(< 6 mo and > 6 mo). Change in diameter and crosssectional area were measured with 3D imaging software to evaluate for passive expansion.RESULTS Patient characteristics were similar between the sm TIPS and m TIPS groups, except for pre-TIPS portosystemic gradient, which was lower in the sm TIPS group(19.4 mm Hg ± 6.8 vs 22.4 mm Hg ± 7.1, P = 0.01). Primary patency and primary assisted patency between sm TIPS and m TIPS was not significantly different(P = 0.64 and 0.55, respectively). Four of the 55 patients(7%) with sm TIPS required TIPS reduction for severe refractory HE, while this occurred in 6 of the 218 patients(3%) with m TIPS(P = 0.12). For the 14 patients with follow-up computed tomography(CT) imaging, the median imaging follow-up was 373 d. There was an increase in median TIPS diameter, median percent diameter change, median area, and median percent area change in patients with CT follow-up greater than 6 mo after TIPS placement compared to follow-up within 6 mo(8.45 mm, 5.58%, 56.04 mm^2, and 11.48%, respectively, P = 0.01).CONCLUSION Passive expansion of sm TIPS does occur but clinical outcomes of sm TIPS and m TIPS were similar. Sub-maximal dilation can prevent complications related to overshunting in select patients. | Michael C Hsu Charles N Weber S William Stavropoulos Timothy W Clark Scott O Trerotola Richard D Shlansky Goldberg Michael C Soulen Gregory J Nadolski | 2017 | World Journal of Hepatology2017，9，12： | 11 |
| 3 | Elucidation of the ‘Honeycrisp’ pedigree through haplotype analysis with a multi-family integrated SNP linkage map and a large apple (Malus×domestica) pedigree-connected SNP data set显示文摘The apple(Malus×domestica)cultivar Honeycrisp has become important economically and as a breeding parent.An earlier study with SSR markers indicated the original recorded pedigree of‘Honeycrisp’was incorrect and‘Keepsake’was identified as one putative parent,the other being unknown.The objective of this study was to verify‘Keepsake’as a parent and identify and genetically describe the unknown parent and its grandparents.A multi-family based dense and high-quality integrated SNP map was created using the apple 8 K Illumina Infinium SNP array.This map was used alongside a large pedigree-connected data set from the RosBREED project to build extended SNP haplotypes and to identify pedigree relationships.‘Keepsake’was verified as one parent of‘Honeycrisp’and‘Duchess of Oldenburg’and‘Golden Delicious’were identified as grandparents through the unknown parent.Following this finding,siblings of‘Honeycrisp’were identified using the SNP data.Breeding records from several of these siblings suggested that the previously unreported parent is a University of Minnesota selection,MN1627.This selection is no longer available,but now is genetically described through imputed SNP haplotypes.We also present the mosaic grandparental composition of‘Honeycrisp’for each of its 17 chromosome pairs.This new pedigree and genetic information will be useful in future pedigree-based genetic studies to connect‘Honeycrisp’with other cultivars used widely in apple breeding programs.The created SNP linkage map will benefit future research using the data from the Illumina apple 8 and 20 K and Affymetrix 480 K SNP arrays. | Nicholas P Howard Eric van de Weg David S Bedford Cameron P Peace Stijn Vanderzande Matthew D Clark Soon Li Teh Lichun Cai James J Luby | 2017 | Horticulture Research2017，4，1： | 9 |
| 4 | 母猪难产的应对措施显示文摘当今猪生产系统中母猪难产并不常见,所占比例不到1%。母猪临近分娩时,大约每隔30~60分钟需进行产前观察。如果清楚母猪正常分娩过程,母猪出现难产时可第一时间采取相关措施。分娩前要保证分娩环境清洁和干燥(图1);预产期前1~5天将妊娠母猪赶往分娩栏(图2)。 | Singleton W Amass S F Clark L K 朱勇文 | 2012 | 养猪2012，，1： | 4 |
| 5 | Effects of radiotherapy and of differences in the extent of surgery for early breast cancer on local recurrence and 15-year survival:an overview of the randomised trials显示文摘 | Clarke M Collins R Darby S | | 0，，9503： | 3 |
| 6 | Mean - value inequalities in Hilbert space显示文摘 | CLARKE F H LEDYAEV Y S | 1994 | Tran Amer Math Soc1994，344，： | 2 |
| 7 | 高密度脂蛋白可追踪脑卒中恢复情况显示文摘前瞻性队列研究质疑高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(high density lipoprotein cholesterol,HDL-C)在脑卒中风险预测中的价值。该文旨在探讨长期功能恢复与高密度脂蛋白(high density lipoprotein,HDL)蛋白质组和功能的关系。方法与结果:测定急性缺血性脑卒中后2个时间点(24小时,35例;96小时,20例)和35例对照组HDL蛋白组成和功能(胆固醇流出能力)的变化。 | Plubell DL Fenton AM Rosario S Bergstrom P Wilmarth PA Clark WM Zakai NA Quinn JF Minnier J Alkayed NJ Fazio S Pamir N 刘青(译) 刘莉(摘/审校) | 2020 | 中华高血压杂志2020，28，11： | 2 |
| 8 | SiC for microwave power transistors 显示文摘 | SRIRAM S SIERGIEJ R R CLARKE R C etal | 1997 | Phys Status Solidi A1997，162，： | 2 |
| 9 | Bevacizumab in combination with oxaliplatin-based chemotherapy as first-line therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer:a randomized phase Ⅲ study显示文摘 | Saltz LB Clarke S Díaz-Rubio E | | 0，，12： | 2 |
| 10 | Multichannel texture analysis using localized spatial filters显示文摘 | Bovic A C Clark C Geisler W S | 1990 | IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence1990，12，1： | 2 |
| 11 | Bevacizumab in combination with oxaliplatin - based chemotherapy as first - line therapy in metastatic colorectal cancer: a randomized phase Ⅲ study显示文摘 | SALTZ L B CLARKE S DIAZ -RUBIO E | 2008 | J Clin Oncol2008，26，12： | 1 |
| 12 | Foreign Country Priorities in the Internationalization Process: A Measure and an Exploratory Test on British Firms 显示文摘 | Clark Timothy Derek S | 2001 | International Business Review2001，10，3： | 1 |
| 13 | A novel integrated in vitro maturation and in vitro fertilization system for swine显示文摘 | Clark S G Walters E M Beebe D J | 2003 | Theriogenology2003，59，： | 1 |
| 14 | Amplification of an invA gene sequence of Salmonella typhimurium by polymerase chain reaction as a specific methad of detection of Salmonella显示文摘 | Rahn K Grandis S A Clarke R C | 1992 | Mol Cell Probes1992，6，4： | 1 |
| 15 | Origins of breast cancer subtypes and therapeutic implications 显示文摘 | Sims AH Howell A Howell S J Clarke R B | 2007 | Nature Clin Pract Oncol2007，4，12： | 1 |
| 16 | Identification of human brain tumour initiating ceils 显示文摘 | SINGH S K HAWKINS C CLARKE I D | 2004 | Nature2004，432，7015： | 1 |
| 17 | Role of microfilaments in maintenance of proximal tubular structure and functional integrity 显示文摘 | Kellerman P S Clark R A Hoilien C A | 1990 | Am J Physiol1990，259，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Ischaemic preconditioning inhibits opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pores in the reperfused rat heart显示文摘 | Javadov SA Clarke S Das M | 2003 | J Physio12003，549，： | 1 |
| 19 | Alumina-supported molybdenum phosphide hydroprocessing catalysts 显示文摘 | Clark P A Oyama S T | 2003 | Journal of Catalysis2003，218，： | 1 |
| 20 | Multichannel Texture Analysis Using Localized Spatial Filters 显示文摘 | BOVIK A C CLARK M GEISLER W S | 1990 | IEEE Transaction on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intel ligence1990，12，1： | 1 |
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