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| 1 | Diagnosis of gastrointestinal bleeding: A practical guide for clinicians显示文摘Gastrointestinal bleeding is a common problem encountered in the emergency department and in the primary care setting. Acute or overt gastrointestinal bleeding is visible in the form of hematemesis, melena or hematochezia. Chronic or occult gastrointestinal bleeding is notapparent to the patient and usually presents as positive fecal occult blood or iron deficiency anemia. Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding is recurrent bleeding when the source remains unidentified after upper endoscopy and colonoscopic evaluation and is usually from the small intestine. Accurate clinical diagnosis is crucial and guides definitive investigations and interventions. This review summarizes the overall diagnostic approach to gastrointestinal bleeding and provides a practical guide for clinicians. | Bong Sik Matthew Kim Bob T Li Alexander Engel Jaswinder S Samra Stephen Clarke Ian D Norton Angela E Li | 2014 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2014，5，4： | 13 |
| 2 | Elucidation of the ‘Honeycrisp’ pedigree through haplotype analysis with a multi-family integrated SNP linkage map and a large apple (Malus×domestica) pedigree-connected SNP data set显示文摘The apple(Malus×domestica)cultivar Honeycrisp has become important economically and as a breeding parent.An earlier study with SSR markers indicated the original recorded pedigree of‘Honeycrisp’was incorrect and‘Keepsake’was identified as one putative parent,the other being unknown.The objective of this study was to verify‘Keepsake’as a parent and identify and genetically describe the unknown parent and its grandparents.A multi-family based dense and high-quality integrated SNP map was created using the apple 8 K Illumina Infinium SNP array.This map was used alongside a large pedigree-connected data set from the RosBREED project to build extended SNP haplotypes and to identify pedigree relationships.‘Keepsake’was verified as one parent of‘Honeycrisp’and‘Duchess of Oldenburg’and‘Golden Delicious’were identified as grandparents through the unknown parent.Following this finding,siblings of‘Honeycrisp’were identified using the SNP data.Breeding records from several of these siblings suggested that the previously unreported parent is a University of Minnesota selection,MN1627.This selection is no longer available,but now is genetically described through imputed SNP haplotypes.We also present the mosaic grandparental composition of‘Honeycrisp’for each of its 17 chromosome pairs.This new pedigree and genetic information will be useful in future pedigree-based genetic studies to connect‘Honeycrisp’with other cultivars used widely in apple breeding programs.The created SNP linkage map will benefit future research using the data from the Illumina apple 8 and 20 K and Affymetrix 480 K SNP arrays. | Nicholas P Howard Eric van de Weg David S Bedford Cameron P Peace Stijn Vanderzande Matthew D Clark Soon Li Teh Lichun Cai James J Luby | 2017 | Horticulture Research2017，4，1： | 9 |
| 3 | Intratumor heterogeneity and branched evolution revealed by multiregion sequencing显示文摘 | Gerlinger M Rowan AJ Horswell S Larkin J Endesfelder D Gronroos E Martinez P Matthews N Stewart A Tarpey P Varela I Phillimore B Begum S McDonald NQ Butler A Jones D Raine K Latimer C Santos CR Nohadani M Eklund AC Spencer-Dene B Clark G Pickering L Stamp | | 0，，10： | 1 |
| 4 | A Transformation Method for the Reconstruction of Functions from Nonuniformly Spaced Samples显示文摘 | James J Clark Matthew R Palmer Peter D | 1985 | IEEE Transaction on Acoustics Speech and Signal Processing1985，33，4： | 1 |
| 5 | Function of the interleukin-2 (IL-2) receptor gamma-chain in biologic responses of X-linked severe combined immunodeficient B cells to IL-2, IL-4, IL-13, and IL-15 显示文摘 | Matthews D J Clark P A Herbert J | 1995 | Blood1995，85，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Ascorbic acid and low-volume polyethylene glycol for bowel preparation prior to colonoscopy:A meta-analysis显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the benefits of low-volume polyethylene glycol(PEG) with ascorbic acid compared to fulldose PEG for colonoscopy preparation. METHODS: MEDLINE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials and Database of Systematic Reviews, CINAHL, Pub Med, and recent abstracts from major conferences were searched(January 2012). Only randomized-controlled trials on adult subjects comparing lowvolume PEG(2 L) with ascorbic acid vs full-dose PEG(3 or 4 L) were included. Meta-analysis for the efficacy of low-volume PEG with ascorbic acid and full-dose PEG were analyzed by calculating pooled estimates of number of satisfactory bowel preparations as well as adverse patient events(abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting). Separate analyses were performed for each main outcome by using OR with fixed and random effects models. Heterogeneity was assessed by calculating the I2 measure of inconsistency. Rev Man 5.1 was utilized for statistical analysis.RESULTS: The initial search identified 242 articles and trials. Nine studies(n = 2911) met the inclusion criteria and were analyzed for this meta-analysis with mean age range from 53.0 to 59.6 years. All studies were randomized controlled trials on adult patients comparing large-volume PEG solutions(3 or 4 L) with low-volume PEG solutions and ascorbic acid. No statistically significant difference was noted between lowvolume PEG with ascorbic acid and full-dose PEG for number of satisfactory bowel preparations(OR 1.07, 95%CI: 0.86-1.33, P = 0.56). No statistically significant difference was noted between low-volume PEG with ascorbic acid and full-dose PEG for abdominal pain(OR 1.09, 95%CI: 0.81-1.48, P = 0.56), nausea(OR 0.70, 95%CI: 0.49-1.00, P = 0.05), or vomiting(OR 0.99, 95%CI: 0.78-1.26, P = 0.95). No publication bias was noted.CONCLUSION: Low-volume PEG with the addition of ascorbic acid demonstrates no statistically significant difference to full-dose PEG for satisfactory bowel preparation and side-effects. | Jonathan D Godfrey Robert E Clark Abhishek Choudhary Imran Ashraf Michelle L Matteson Srinivas R Puli Matthew L Bechtold | 2013 | World Journal of Meta-Analysis2013，1，1： | 0 |
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