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| 1 | 中国荷斯坦奶牛跛行和飞节损伤的风险因素分析显示文摘为了评估散栏牧场高产奶牛跛行率、飞节损伤与饲养管理、牧场设计之间的相关性,收集了中国34个大中型牧场高产牛群管理和卧床设计数据,如卧床设计、垫料类型和挤奶程序等。对每个圈的所有奶牛进行行走评分(1~5分)和飞节评分(1~3分)。其中行走评分大于等于3分定义为临床跛行,大于等于4分定义为严重跛行;飞节损伤大于等于2分为轻微损伤,3分为严重损伤。中国大中型牧场临床跛行率和严重跛行率分别为(31±12)%(分布于7%~51%)和(10±6)%(分布于0%~27%)。飞节轻微损伤率和严重损伤率分别为(40±20)%(分布于6%~95%)和(5±9)%(分布于0%~50%)。临床跛行率和严重跛行率与牧场的规模有显著相关性。随着牧场规模的增大,临床跛行和严重跛行有降低的趋势,每增加100头牛,临床跛行率降低(0.35±0.09)%,严重跛行率降低(0.15±0.06)%。牧场的新旧程度也显著影响跛行率,尤其是大于9年的牧场跛行率和严重跛行率明显升高。牧场的规模和新旧程度在引起临床跛行和严重跛行的因素中占49%和30%的作用。深槽卧床可降低轻微飞节损伤和严重飞节损伤的发生率(分别降低20.9%和3.65%)。大于9年的牧场飞节轻微损伤率和严重损伤率分别提高16.68%和7.17%。这2个变量可影响飞节轻微损伤和飞节严重损伤的52%和58%。总之,牧场之间的跛行率和飞节损伤率变异很大。良好的卧床设计和管理有助于降低跛行率和飞节损伤率。 | 王艳明 Chapinal N Liang Y Weary D M Wang Y | 2015 | 中国乳业2015，0，7： | 3 |
| 2 | Species-specific responses of plant communi-ties to altered carbon and nutrient availability显示文摘 | Joel G Chapin F S Chiariello N R | 2001 | Global Change Biology2001，7，： | 1 |
| 3 | Types of Software Evolution and Software Maintenance显示文摘 | Chapin N Hale J E Khan K M | 2001 | Journal of Software Maintenance and Evolution:Research and Practice2001，13，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Technical note:Validation of a system for monitoring individual feeding and drinking behavior and intake in group-housed cattle显示文摘 | Chapinal N Veira D M Weary D M | 2007 | Journal of Dairy Science2007，90，12： | 1 |
| 5 | Species specific responses of plant communities to altered carbon and nutrient availability显示文摘 | Joel G ChaPin F S Chiariello N R | | 0，，04： | 1 |
| 6 | Nitrogen limitation of microbial decomposition in a grassland under elevated CO2显示文摘 | Hu S Chapin Ⅲ F S Firestone M K Chiariello N R | 2001 | Nature2001，409，： | 1 |
| 7 | Planning for resilience:modehng change in human-fire interactions in the Alaskan boreal forest显示文摘 | Chapin FS Rupp TS Starfield AM DeWilde LO Zaveleta ES Fresco N Henkelman J McGuire AD | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 8 | The impacts of climate change on ecosystem structure and function显示文摘 | Grimm N B Chapin III F S Bierwagen B | 2015 | Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment2015，11，9： | 1 |
| 9 | Evaluation of welfare and productivity in pregnant sows kept in stalls or in 2 different group housing systems显示文摘 | Chapinal N | 2010 | Appl Anim Well Sci2010，76，10： | 1 |
| 10 | Global biodiversity scenarios for the year 2100显示文摘 | Sala O E Chapin F S Armesto J J Berlow E Bloomfield J Dirzo R Huber-Sanwald E Huenneke L F Jackson R B Kinzig A Leemans R Lodge D M Mooney H A Oesterheld M Poff N L Sykes M T Walker B H Walker M and Wall D H | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 11 | The worldwide leaf economics spectrum显示文摘 | Wright I J Reich P B Westoby M Ackedy D D Baruch Z Bongers F Cavender-Bares J Chapin T Comellssen J H C Diemer M Flexas J Gamier E Groom P K Gullas J Hikosaka K Lamont B B Lee T Lee W Lusk C Midgley J J Navas M Niinemets U Oleksyn J Osada N Poorter H Poot P Prior L Pyankov V I Roumet C Thomas S C Veneklaas E J Villar R | 2004 | Nature2004，428，： | 1 |
| 12 | Receptors for the carboxyl-terminal region of PTH(1-84) are highly expressed in osteoeytie cells显示文摘 | DIVIETI P INOMATA N CHAPIN K | | Endocrinology0，142，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Species-specific responses of plant communities to altered carbon and nutrient availability显示文摘 | Joel G Chapin F SⅢ Chiariello N R | 2001 | Global Change Biology2001，7，4： | 1 |
| 14 | Metabolic parameters in transition cows as indicators for early-lactation culling risk 显示文摘 | ROBERTS T CHAPINAL N LEBLANC S J | 2012 | Journal of Dairy Science2012，95，6： | 1 |
| 15 | Metabolic parameters in transition cows as indicators for early- lactation culling risk显示文摘 | Roberts T Chapinal N LeBlanc S J | 2012 | J Dairy Sci2012，95，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Herd level association of serum metabolites in the transition peri- od with disease, milk production, and early lactation reproductive performance显示文摘 | Chapinal N LeBlanc S J Carson M E | 2012 | J Dairy Sci2012，95，10： | 1 |
| 17 | The impacts of climate change on ecosystem structure and function显示文摘 | Grimm N B Chapin F S Bierwagen B | 2013 | Frontiers in Ecology and the Environment2013，11，9： | 1 |
| 18 | Evaluation of welfare and productivity in pregnant sows kept in stalls or in 2 different group housing systems显示文摘 | Chapinal N Ruiz de la Torre J L Cerisuelo A | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 19 | TECH- NICAL NOTE:validation of a system for monitoring individual feeding and drinking behavior and intake in group-housed cattle 显示文摘 | CHAPINAL N VEIRA D WEARY D | 2007 | Journal of Dairy Science2007，90，12： | 1 |
| 20 | Herdlevel reproductive performance and its relationship with lameness and leg injuries in freestall dairy herds in the northeastern United States显示文摘 | Chapinal N von Keyserlingk M A G Cerri R L A | 2013 | Journal of Dairy Science2013，96，11： | 1 |
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