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| 1 | Indications and surgical options for small bowel, large bowel and perianal Crohn's disease显示文摘Despite advancements in medical therapy of Crohn's disease(CD), majority of patients with CD will eventually require surgical intervention, with at least a third of patients requiring multiple surgeries. It is important to understand the role and timing of surgery, with the goals of therapy to reduce the need for surgery without increasing the odds of emergency surgery and its associated morbidity, as well as to limit surgical recurrence and avoid intestinal failure. The profile of CD patients requiring surgical intervention has changed over the decades with improvements in medical therapy with immunomodulators and biological agents. The most common indication for surgery is obstruction from stricturing disease, followed by abscesses and fistulae. The risk of gastrointestinal bleeding in CD is high but the likelihood of needing surgery for bleeding is low. Most major gastrointestinal bleeding episodes resolve spontaneously, albeit the risk of re-bleeding is high. The risk of colorectal cancer associated with CD is low. While current surgical guidelines recommend a total proctocolectomy for colorectal cancer associated with CD, subtotal colectomy or segmental colectomy with endoscopic surveillance may be a reasonable option. Approximately 20%-40% of CD patients will need perianal surgery during their lifetime. This review assesses the practice parameters and guidelines in the surgical management of CD, with a focus on the indications for surgery in CD(and when not to operate), and a critical evaluation of the timing and surgical options available to improve outcomes and reduce recurrence rates. | James WT Toh Peter Stewart Matthew JFX Rickard Rupert Leong Nelson Wang Christopher J Young | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，40： | 2 |
| 2 | Gas–metal reaction products in the erosion of chromium-plated gun bores显示文摘 | Paul J Cote Christopher Rickard | 2000 | Wear2000，，1： | 2 |
| 3 | Gas-metal reaction products in the erosion of chromium-plated gun bores 显示文摘 | Cote P J Christopher Rickard | 2000 | Wear2000，241，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Risk Factors for Prolonged Ileus After Resection of Colorectal Cancer: An Observational Study of 2400 Consecutive Patients显示文摘 | Pierre H. Chapuis Les Bokey Anil Keshava Matthew J.F.X. Rickard Peter Stewart Christopher J. Young Owen F. Dent | 2013 | Annals of Surgery2013，，5： | 1 |
| 5 | Gas-met al reaction products in the erosion of chromium-plated gun bores显示文摘 | P J Cote Christopher Rickard | 2000 | Wear2000，241，： | 1 |
| 6 | Gas-metal reaction productS in the erosion of Chromium-plated gun bores显示文摘 | Paul J Cote Christopher Rickard | 2000 | Wear2000，，241： | 1 |
| 7 | Gas metal reaction producte in the erosion of chromium plated gun bores显示文摘 | Paul J Cote Christopher Rickard | 2000 | Wear2000，241，： | 1 |
| 8 | Gas-metal products in the erosion of chrominum-plated gun bores显示文摘 | Cote Paul J Christopher Rickard | 2000 | Wear2000，241，： | 1 |
| 9 | Gas-metal reaction prod ucts in the erosion of Chromium-plated gun bores显示文摘 | Paul J Cote Christopher Rickard | 2000 | Wear2000，241，： | 1 |
| 10 | Platelet and myeloid lineage biases of transplanted single perinatal mouse hematopoietic stem cells显示文摘Dear Editor,Hematopoietic stem cells(HSCs)residing in adult mouse bone marrow(BM)are highly heterogenous,1 ranging from HSCs executing their full multilineage potential to those with platelet(P)-biased/restricted output.2,3,4 These distinct lineage-biased propensities are sustained upon secondary transplantation,and thus largely intrinsic.1 While adult HSCs derive from definitive fetal HSCs,5 it is unclear to what degree the lineage biases/restrictions observed in adult BM HSCs,or any other distinct lineage biases/restrictions,have been established before birth. | Karin Belander Strålin Joana Carrelha Axel Winroth Christoph Ziegenhain Michael Hagemann-Jensen Laura M.Kettyle Amy Hillen Kari Högstrand Ellen Markljung Francesca Grasso Masafumi Seki Stefania Mazzi Yiran Meng Bishan Wu Edwin Chari Madeleine Lehander Rickard Sandberg Petter S.Woll Sten Eirik W.Jacobsen | 2023 | Cell Research2023，33，11： | 0 |
| 11 | Improved gastrointestinal health for irritable bowel syndrome with metagenome-guided interventions显示文摘Irritable bowel syndrome(IBS)is the most prevalent functional gastrointestinal disorder worldwide,and the most common reason for referral to gastroenterology clinics.However,the pathophysiology is still not fully understood and consequently current management guidelines are very symptom-specific,leading to mixed results.Here we present a study of 88 individuals with IBS who had baseline sequencing of their gut microbiome(stool samples),received targeted interventions that included dietary,supplement,prebiotic/probiotic,and lifestyle recommendations for a 30-day period,and a follow-up sequencing of their gut microbiome.The study’s objectives were to demonstrate unique metagenomic signatures across the IBS phenotypes and to validate whether metagenomic-guided interventions could lead to improvement of symptom scores in individuals with IBS.Enrolled subjects also completed a baseline and post-intervention questionnaire that assessed their symptom scores.The average symptom score of an individual with IBS at baseline was 160 and at the endpoint of the study the average symptom score of the cohort was 100.9.The mixed IBS subtype showed the most significant reduction in symptom scores across the different subtypes(average decrease by 102 points,P=0.005).The metagenomics analysis reveals shifts in the microbiome post-intervention that have been cross-validated with the literature as being associated with improvement of IBS symptoms.Given the complex nature of IBS,further studies with larger sample sizes,more targeted analyses,and a broader population cohort are needed to explore these results further. | Cem Meydan Ebrahim Afshinnekoo Nate Rickard Guy Daniels Laura Kunces Theresa Hardy Loukia Lili Sarah Pesce Paul Jacobson Christopher E.Mason Joel Dudley Bodi Zhang | 2020 | Precision Clinical Medicine2020，3，2： | 0 |
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