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| 1 | Understanding the impact of mountain landscapes on water balance in the upper Heihe River watershed in northwestern China显示文摘Estimating the impact of mountain landscape on hydrology or water balance is essential for the sustainable development strategies of water resources.Specifically,understanding how the change of each landscape influences hydrological components will greatly improve the predictability of hydrological responses to mountain landscape changes and thus can help the government make sounder decisions.In the paper,we used the VIC(Variable Infiltration Capacity)model to conduct hydrological modeling in the upper Heihe River watershed,along with a frozen-soil module and a glacier melting module to improve the simulation.The improved model performed satisfactorily.We concluded that there are differences in the runoff generation of mountain landscape both in space and time.About 50% of the total runoff at the catchment outlet were generated in mid-mountain zone(2,900-4,000 m asl),and water was mainly consumed in low mountain region(1,700-2,900 m asl)because of the higher requirements of trees and grasses.The runoff coefficient was 0.37 in the upper Heihe River watershed.Barren landscape produced the largest runoff yields(52.46% of the total runoff)in the upper Heihe River watershed,followed by grassland(34.15%),shrub(9.02%),glacier(3.57%),and forest(0.49%).In order to simulate the impact of landscape change on hydrological components,three landscape change scenarios were designed in the study.Scenario 1,2 and 3 were to convert all shady slope landscapes at 2,000-3,300 m,2,000-3,700 m,and 2,000-4,000 m asl respectively to forest lands,with forest coverage rate increased to 12.4%,28.5% and 42.0%,respectively.The runoff at the catchment outlet correspondingly declined by 3.5%,13.1% and 24.2% under the three scenarios.The forest landscape is very important in water conservation as it reduced the flood peak and increased the base flow.The mountains as 'water towers' play important roles in water resources generation and the impact of mountain landscapes on hydrology is significant. | Jia QIN YongJian DING JinKui WU MingJie GAO ShuHua YI ChuanCheng ZHAO BaiSheng YE Man LI ShengXia WANG | 2013 | Journal of Arid Land2013，5，3： | 6 |
| 2 | Limb remote ischemic postconditioning protects against focal ischemia in rats显示文摘 | Chuancheng Ren Zhimin Yan Dingtai Wei Xuwen Gao Xiaoyuan Chen Heng Zhao | 2009 | Brain Research2009，，： | 2 |
| 3 | Coupling a glacier melt model to the Variable Infiltration Capacity (VIC) model for hydrological modeling in north-western China显示文摘 | Qiudong Zhao Baisheng Ye Yongjian Ding Shiqiang Zhang Shuhua Yi Jian Wang Donghui Shangguan Chuancheng Zhao Haidong Han | 2013 | Environmental Earth Sciences2013，，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Simulation and analysis of river runoff in typical cold regions显示文摘It is generally agreed that global warming is taking place, which has caused runoff generation processes and apparently total runoff amount changes in cold regions of Northwestern China. It is absolutely necessary to quantify and analyze earth surface hydrological processes by numerical models for formulating scientific sustainable development of water resources. Hydrological models became established tools for studying the hydrological cycle, but did not consider frozen soil or glacier hydrology. Thus, they should be improved to satisfy the simulation of hydrological processes in cold regions. In this paper, an energy balance glacier melt model was successfully coupled to the VIC model with frozen soil scheme, thus improving the models performance in a cold catchment area. We performed the improved VIC model to simulate the hydrological processes in the Aksu River Basin, and the simulated results are in good agreement with observed data. Based on modeling hydrological data, the runoff components and their response to climate change were analyzed. The results show: (1) Glacial meltwater recharge accounts for 29.2% of runoff for the Toxkan River, and 58.7% for the Kunma Like River. (2) The annual total runoff of two branches of the Aksu River show increasing trends, increased by about 43.1%, 25.95×106 m3 per year for the Toxkan River and by 13.1%, 14.09×106 m3 per year for the Kunma Like River during the latter 38 years. (3) The annual total runoff of the Toxkan River increased simply due to the increase of non-glacial runoff, while the increase of annual total runoff of the Kunma Like River was the result of increasing glacial (42%) and non-glacial runoff (58%). | QiuDong Zhao BaiSheng Ye YongJian Ding ShiQiang Zhang ChuanCheng Zhao Jian Wang ZengRu Wang | 2011 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2011，3，6： | 1 |
| 5 | Monitoring Molecular Dynamics with Single-Molecule Electronic Devices and Fluorescence Techniques显示文摘Monitoring the dynamics of a single molecule provides unique insights into the fundamental physical and chemical properties of individual molecules.Over the past few decades,various approaches have been developed to enable the real-time and high-resolution detection at the single-molecule level.Among them,electrical and optical methods are the most promising tools,for the reason that electrical detection offers high resolution while optical technology provides non-invasive,targeted measurement with the added benefit of visualization.In this review,we summarized the current state-of-the-art electrical and optical techniques for single-molecule measurement and discussed their applications in detecting dynamic events such as conformational isomerizations,intermolecular interactions,chemical reactions,and biomolecular activities.In addition,we discussed the challenges and opportunities in this area and proposed possible directions for future development. | Lan Yang Zhizhuo Zhang Cong Zhao Yani Huo Enyu Zhang Suhang He Chuancheng Jia Xuefeng Guo | 2023 | Chinese Journal of Chemistry2023，41，21： | 0 |
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