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| 1 | Hepatitis E virus in patients with acute severe liver injury显示文摘AIM: To examine the incidence of hepatitis E(HepE) in individuals with acute liver injury severe enough to warrant treatment at a transplant unit.METHODS: Hepatitis E virus(HEV) is an emerging pathogen in developed countries causing severe illness, particularly in immunocompromised patients or those with underlying chronic liver disease. HepE infection isoften under diagnosed, as clinicians can be reluctant to test patients who have not travelled to regions traditionally considered hyperendemic for HepE. There are few data regarding the significance of HEV in patients with very severe acute liver injury in developed countries. Eighty patients with acute severe liver injury attending the Scottish Liver Transplant unit were tested for HEV and anti-HEV IgG and IgM. Severe acute liver injury was defined as a sudden deterioration in liver function confirmed by abnormal liver function tests and coagulopathy or presence of hepatic encephalopathy. Eighty percent of these patients were diagnosed with paracetomol overdose. No patients had a history of chronic or decompensated chronic liver disease at time of sampling. IgG positive samples were quantified against the World Health Organization anti-HEV IgG standard. Samples were screened for HEV viral RNA by quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction.RESULTS: Four cases of hepatitis E were identified. Three of the four cases were only diagnosed on retrospective testing and were initially erroneously ascribed to drug-induced liver injury and decompensated chronic liver disease, with the cause of the decompensation uncertain. One case was caused by HEV genotype 1 in a traveller returning from Asia, the other three were autochthonous and diagnosed on retrospective testing. In two of these cases(where RNA was detected) HEV was found to be genotype 3, the most prevalent genotype in developed countries. Three patients survived, two of whom had been misdiagnosed as having drug induced liver injury. The fourth patient died from sepsis and liver failure precipitated as a result of hepatitis E infection and previously undiagnosed cirrhosis. Histopathology data to date is limited to mainly that seen for endemic HepE. All patients, with the exception of patient 1, demonstrated characteristics of HepE infection, as seen in previously described locally acquired cases.CONCLUSION: In patients with acute severe liver injury, HEV testing should be part of the initial diagnostic investigation algorithm irrespective of suspected initial diagnosis, age or travel history. | Claire Louise Crossan Kenneth J Simpson Darren G Craig Christopher Bellamy Janice Davidson Harry R Dalton Linda Scobie | 2014 | World Journal of Hepatology2014，6，6： | 4 |
| 2 | Fondaparinux预防老年急性内科患者发生静脉血栓形成的效果与安全性:随机安慰剂对照研究显示文摘目的:观察 Fondaparinux 对具有中高度静脉血栓发生危险的老年急性内科住院患者的抗凝效果与安全性。设计:双盲随机安慰剂对照研究。背景:8个国家的35个中心。参与者:849例≥60岁内科患者,住院原因分别为充血性心力衰竭、慢性肺病合并急性呼吸系统疾患、急性炎症性或感染性疾病,预期至少住院4天以上。干预:2.5 mg Fondaparinux 或安慰剂,每天1次皮下注射,持续6~14天。观察指标:主要指标为静脉血栓形成(治疗后15天内采用双侧静脉造影检查)及有症状的静脉血栓;次要指标为死亡与出血。患者随访时间为1个月。结果:Fondaparinux 治疗组425例患者和安慰剂组414例患者接受了安全性分析(10例未治疗)。644例患者(75.9%)可接受主要指标分析。静脉血栓检出率在 Fondaparinux 治疗组为5.6%(18/321),安慰剂组为10.5%(34/323),相对危险减少46.7%(95% CI 7.7%~69.3%)。安慰剂组5例患者发生有症状的静脉血栓,Fondaparinux治疗组无患者发生有症状的静脉血栓(P=0.029)。两组均有1例(0.2%)患者发生严重出血。随访结束时,安慰剂组、Fondaparinux 治疗组分别死亡25(6.0%)、14(3.3%)例患者。结论:Fondaparinux 可有效预防急性内科老年患者无症状性及有症状的静脉血栓。严重出血几率两组相似。 | Alexander T Cohen Bruce L Davidson Alexander S Gallus Michael R Lassen Martin H Prins Witold Tomkowski Alexander G G Turpie Jan F M Egberts Anthonie W A Lensing 石汉平(译) 王深明(校) | 2006 | 英国医学杂志中文版2006，9，5： | 3 |
| 3 | Focused-flow model of relativistic diodes显示文摘 | Goldstein S A Davidson R C Siambis J G | 1974 | PhysRev Lett1974，33，25： | 2 |
| 4 | A chirp scaling approach for processing squint mode SAR data 显示文摘 | Davidson G W Cumming I G Ito M R | 1996 | IEEE Trans on Aerospace and Electronic Systems1996，32，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Schwertmannite inwet,acid and oxic microenvironments beneath polar and polyther-mal glaciers显示文摘 | Raiswell R Benning L G Davidson L | 2009 | Geology2009，37，5： | 1 |
| 6 | Modeling the architecture of expanding fraxinus penn-sylvanica shoots using L-systems显示文摘 | Prusinkiewicz P W Remphrey W R Davidson C G | 1994 | Can J Bot1994，72，5： | 1 |
| 7 | Modeling the architecture of expanding Fraxinus pennsylvanica shoots using L-systems 显示文摘 | Prusinkiewicz P Remphrey W R Davidson C G | 1993 | Canadian Journal of Botany1993，72，5： | 1 |
| 8 | Rivaroxaban versus enoxaparin for thromboprophylaxis after total knee arthroplasty (RECORD4): a randomised trial显示文摘 | Turpie A G Lassen M R Davidson B L | 2009 | Lancet2009，373，9676： | 1 |
| 9 | Polychlorinatedbiphenyls (PCBs)in the British environment:Sinks,sources and temporal trends显示文摘 | Harrad S J Sewart A P Alcock R Boumphrey R Burnett V Davidson R D Halsall C Sanders G Waterhouse K | 1994 | Environmental Pollution1994，85，： | 1 |
| 10 | Training effects in mice after long-term voluntary exercise显示文摘 | DAVIDSON S R BURNETT M LAURIE H G | 2006 | Med Sci Sports Exe2006，38，2： | 1 |
| 11 | Laboratory and glasshouse evaluation of entomopathogenic fengi against the two-spotted spider mite, Tetranychus urticae (Acari : Tetranychidae), on tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum 显示文摘 | Chandler D Davidson G Jacobson R J | 2005 | Biocontrol Science and Technology2005，15，1： | 1 |
| 12 | The power of Bootstrap and asymptotic tests显示文摘 | Davidson R MacKinnon J G | 2006 | Journal of Econometrics2006，133，2： | 1 |
| 13 | Missing sinks, feedbacks,and understanding the role of terrestrial ecosystems in the global carbon balance显示文摘 | Houghton R A Davidson E A Woodwell G M | 1998 | Global Biogeochemical Cycles1998，，12： | 1 |
| 14 | Modeling the architecture of expanding fraxinus pennsy-lvanica shoots using L-systems显示文摘 | Prusinkiewicz P W Remphrey W R Davidson C G | 1994 | Can J Bot1994，72，： | 1 |
| 15 | FGF signalling is req- uired for differentiation-induced cytoskeletal reorganisation and formation of actin-based processes by podocytes 显示文摘 | DAVIDSON G DONO R ZEUER R | 2001 | J Cell Sci2001，114，18： | 1 |
| 16 | Surface roughness prediction of flow-formed AA6061 alloy by design of experiment 显示文摘 | Davidson M J Balasubramanianb K Tagore G R N | 2008 | Journal of Materials Processing Technolo- gy2008，202，123： | 1 |
| 17 | Plasma fentanyl concentrations and analgesic effects during full or partial exposure to transdermal fentanyl patches in cats 显示文摘 | Davidson C D Pettifer G R Henry J D | 2004 | Am Vet Med Assoc2004，224，5： | 1 |
| 18 | A Chirp Scaling Approach for Processing Squint Mode SAR Data显示文摘 | Davidson G W Cumming I G Ito M R | 1996 | IEEE Trans on AES1996，32，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Missing Sinks, Feedbacks and Understanding the Role of Terrestrial Ecosystems in the Global Carbon Balance 显示文摘 | Houghton R A E A Davidson and G M Woodwell | 1998 | Global Biogeochem Cycles1998，，12： | 1 |
| 20 | Sol-gel derived coatings on glass显示文摘 | D R Uhlmann T Suratwala K Davidson J M Bouton G Teowee | 1997 | Journal of Noncrystalline Solids1997，218，： | 1 |
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