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| 1 | Genome editing in plants with MAD7 nuclease显示文摘MAD7 is an engineered nuclease of the Class 2 type V-A CRISPR-Cas(Cas12 a/Cpf1)family with a low level of homology to canonical Cas12 a nucleases.It has been publicly released as a royalty-free nuclease for both academic and commercial use.Here,we demonstrate that the CRISPR-MAD7 system can be used for genome editing and recognizes T-rich PAM sequences(YTTN)in plants.Its editing efficiency in rice and wheat is comparable to that of the widely used CRISPR-Lb Cas12 a system.We develop two variants,MAD7-RR and MAD7-RVR that increase the target range of MAD7,as well as an M-AFID(a MAD7-APOBEC fusion-induced deletion)system that creates predictable deletions from 50-deaminated Cs to the MAD7-cleavage site.Moreover,we show that MAD7 can be used for multiplex gene editing and that it is effective in generating indels when combined with other CRISPR RNA orthologs.Using the CRISPR-MAD7 system,we have obtained regenerated mutant rice and wheat plants with up to 65.6%efficiency. | Qiupeng Lin Zixu Zhu Guanwen Liu Chao Sun Dexing Lin Chenxiao Xue Shengnan Li Dandan Zhang Caixia Gao Yanpeng Wang Jin-Long Qiu | 2021 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2021，48，6： | 4 |
| 2 | Characterization and Molecular Mapping of a New Virescent Mutant in Rice显示文摘Plant leaves play a significant role in photosynthesis.Normal chloroplast development is critical for plant growth and yield performance.Defect of the chlorophyll in chloroplasts may cause abnormal leaf colors,such as yellow,white,or stripe.Chloroplasts have their own genomes encoding for about 100 genes that are essential for plastid protein synthesis and photosynthesis(Kanno and Hirai,1993; | Qunyu Zhang Dexing Xue Xiaoyu Li Yunming Long Xianjie Zeng Yaoguang Liu | 2014 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2014，41，6： | 2 |
| 3 | Mechanical design and energy absorption of 3D novel hybrid lattice metamaterials显示文摘In this paper,three-dimensional(3D)novel hybrid lattice structures with exceptional mechanical properties and energy absorbing performances were proposed,and experimental and finite element simulation comparisons were performed to demonstrate their potential in mechanical application.First,different types of basic cubic unit cells were designed for constructing three types of novel hybrid metamaterials,in which stepped circulation of different unit cells was conceived to generate architected metamaterials.Afterwards,quasi-static compression experiments and finite element simulations were performed to study the deformation process and failure mechanisms of as-fabricated hybrid metamaterials.The energy absorption efficiency,specific energy absorption(SEA)indicators,and energy absorption capabilities of different hybrid lattice metamaterials were compared and analyzed.The results show that the deformation mechanisms of novel hybrid lattice were beneficial for generating remarkable elevated densification strain,and the energy absorption efficiency can be tailored by altering the types or sizes of basic unit cells.Strain-hardening and bilinear features were also obtained. | ZHANG Peng Biligetu QI DeXing XUE Rui LIU Kai HUANG ZhiXin WU WenWang LI Ying | 2021 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2021，64，10： | 1 |
| 4 | Analyses of the predicted changes of the global oceans under the increased greenhouse gases scenarios显示文摘A new climate model (ECHAM5/MPI-OM1) developed for the fourth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) at Max-Planck Institute for Meteorology is used to study the climate changes under the different increased CO2 scenarios (B1, A1B and A2). Based on the corresponding model results, the sea surface temperature and salinity structure, the variations of the thermohaline circulation (THC) and the changes of sea ice in the northern hemisphere are analyzed. It is concluded that from the year of 2000 to 2100, un- der the B1, A1B and A2 scenarios, the global mean sea surface temperatures (SST) would increase by 2.5℃, 3.5℃ and 4.0℃ respectively, especially in the region of the Arctic, the increase of SST would be even above 10.0℃; the maximal negative value of the variation of the fresh water flux is located in the sub- tropical oceans, while the precipitation in the eastern tropical Pacific increases. The strength of THC de- creases under the B1, A1B and A2 scenarios, and the reductions would be about 20%, 25% and 25.1% of the present THC strength respectively. In the north- ern hemisphere, the area of the sea ice cover would decrease by about 50% under the A1B scenario. | MU Lin WU Dexing CHEN Xue'en Jungclaus | 2006 | Chinese Science Bulletin2006，51，21： | 1 |
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