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| 1 | The Arabidopsis Anaphase-Promoting Complex/Cyclosome Subunit 1 is Critical for Both Female Gametogenesis and Embryogenesis显示文摘Anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C), a multisubunit E3 ligase, plays a critical role in cell cycle control, but the functional characterization of each subunit has not yet been completed. To investigate the function of APC1 in Arabidopsis, we analyzed four mutant alleles of APC1, and found that mutation in APC1 resulted in significantly reduced plant fertility, accumulation of cyclin B, and disrupted auxin distribution in embryos. The three mutant alleles apc1-1, apc1-2 and apc1-3 shared variable defects in female gametogenesis including degradation, abnormal nuclear number, and disrupted polarity of nuclei in the embryo sac as well as in embryogenesis, in which embryos were arrested at multiple stages. All of these defects are similar to those previously identified in apc4. The mutant apc1-4, in which the T-DNA was inserted after the transmembrane domain at the C-terminus, showed much more severe phenotypes; that is, most of the ovules were arrested at the one-nucleate female gametophyte stage (stage FG1). In the apc1 apc4 double mutants, the fertility was further reduced by one-third in apc1-1/+ apc4-1/+, and in some cases no ovules even survived in siliques of apc1-4/+ apc4-1/+. Our data thus suggest that APC1, an essential component of APC/C, plays a synergistic role with APC4 both in female gametogenesis and in embryogenesis. | Yanbing Wang Yingnan Hou Hongya Gu Dingming Kang Zhang-Liang Chen Jingjing Liu Li-Jia Qu | 2013 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2013，55，1： | 7 |
| 2 | A nuclear-encoded mitochondrial gene AtCIB22 is essential for plant development in Arabidopsis显示文摘Complex I (the NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) of the mitochondrial respiratory chain is a complicated, multi-subunit, membranebound assembly and contains more than 40 different proteins in higher plants. In this paper, we characterize the Arabidopsis homologue (designated as AtCIB22) of the B22 subunit of eukaryotic mitochondrial Complex I. AtCIB22 is a single-copy gene and is highly conserved throughout eukaryotes. AtCIB22 protein is located in mitochondria and the AtCIB22 gene is widely expressed in different tissues. Mutant Arabidopsis plants with a disrupted AtCIB22 gene display pleiotropic phenotypes including shorter roots, smaller plants and delayed flowering. Stress analysis indicates that the AtCIB22 mutants’ seed germination and early seedling growth are severely inhibited by sucrose deprivation stress but more tolerant to ethanol stress. Molecular analysis reveals that in moderate knockdown AtCIB22 mutants, genes including cell redox proteins and stress related proteins are significantly up-regulated, and that in severe knockdown AtCIB22 mutants, the alternative respiratory pathways including NDA1, NDB2, AOX1a and AtPUMP1 are remarkably elevated. These data demonstrate that AtCIB22 is essential for plant development and mitochondrial electron transport chains in Arabidopsis. Our findings also enhance our understanding about the physiological role of Complex I in plants. | Lihua Han Genji Qin Dingming Kang Zhangliang Chen Hongya Gu Li-Jia Qu | 2010 | Journal of Genetics and Genomics2010，37，10： | 1 |
| 3 | Overexpression of a New Putative Membrane Protein Gene AtMRB1 Results in Organ Size Enlargement in Arabidopsis显示文摘Arabidopsis AtMRB1 is predicted to encode a novel protein of 432 amino acid residues in length, with four putative trans-membrane domains. In the present study, characterization of AtMRB1 is conducted. Green-uorescent protein (GFP) fusion protein assay showed that AtMRB1 was located in the plasma membrane. Transgenic lines overexpressing AtMRB1 driven by a CaMV 35S promoter were generated. Statistic analysis showed that, during the seedling stage, the organ sizes of the transgenic lines including hypocotyl length, root length and root weight were significantly larger than those of the wild type plants under both light and dark conditions. In the adult plant stage, the AtMRB1 overexpressor plants were found to have larger organ sizes in terms of leaf length and width, and increased number of cauline leaves and branches when bolting. Further observation indicated that the larger leaf size phenotype was due to a larger number of mesophyll cells, the size of which was not altered. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis showed that the transcription of ANT, ROT3 and GRF5 were upregulated in the AtMRB1-overexpressor plants. These data suggest that AtMRB1 is possibly a positive regulator of organ size development in Arabidopsis, mainly through cell number control. | Hua Guan Dingming Kang Min Fan Zhangliang Chen Li-Jia Qu | 2009 | Journal of Integrative Plant Biology2009，51，2： | 1 |
| 4 | Identification of traits and genes associated with lodging resistance in maize显示文摘Lodging is a major problem limiting maize yield worldwide. However, the mechanisms of lodging resistance remain incompletely understood for maize. Here, we evaluated 443 maize accessions for lodging resistance in the field. Five lodging-resistant accessions and five lodging-sensitive accessions were selected for further research. The leaf number, plant height, stem diameter, and rind penetrometer resistance were similar between lodging-resistant and-sensitive inbred lines. The average thickness of sclerenchymatous hypodermis layer was thicker and the vascular area was larger in the lodging-resistant lines compared with lodging-sensitive lines. Although total lignin content in stem tissue did not significantly differ between lodging-resistant and-sensitive lines, phloroglucinol staining revealed that the lignin content of the cell wall in the stem cortex and in the stem vascular tissue near the cortex was higher in the lodging-resistant lines than in the lodging-sensitive lines. Analysis of strand-specific RNA-seq transcriptome showed that a total of 793 genes were up-regulated and 713 genes were down-regulated in lodging-resistant lines relative to lodging-sensitive lines. The up-regulated genes in lodging-resistant lines were enriched in cell wall biogenesis. These results indicated that modification of cell wall biosynthesis would contribute to lodging resistance of maize. | Yu Guo Yumei Hu Huan Chen Pengshuai Yan Qingguo Du Yafei Wang Hongqiu Wang Zhonghua Wang Dingming Kang Wen-Xue Li | 2021 | The Crop Journal2021，9，6： | 1 |
| 5 | HTPdb and HTPtools:Exploiting maize haplotypetag polymorphisms for germplasm resource analyses and genomics-informed breeding显示文摘Along with rapid advances in high-throughput-sequencing technology,the development and application of molecular markers has been critical for the progress that has been made in crop breeding and genetic research.Desirable molecular markers should be able to rapidly genotype tens of thousands of breeding accessions with tens to hundreds of markers.In this study,we developed a multiplex molecular marker,the haplotype-tag polymorphism(HTP),that integrates Maize6H-60K array data from 3,587 maize inbred lines with 6,375 blocks from the recombination block map.After applying strict filtering criteria,we obtained 6,163 highly polymorphic HTPs,which were evenly distributed in the genome.Furthermore,we developed a genome-wide HTP analysis toolkit,HTPtools,which we used to establish an HTP database(HTPdb)covering the whole genomes of 3,587 maize inbred lines commonly used in breeding.A total of 172,921 non-redundant HTP allelic variations were obtained.Three major HTPtools modules combine seven algorithms(e.g.,chain Bayes probability and the heterotic-pattern prediction algorithm)and a new plotting engine named“BCplot”that enables rapid visualization of the background information of multiple backcross groups.HTPtools was designed for big-data analyses such as complex pedigree reconstruction and maize heterotic-pattern prediction.The HTP-based analytical strategy and the toolkit developed in this study are applicable for high-throughput genotyping and for genetic mapping,germplasm resource analyses,and genomics-informed breeding in maize. | Yikun Zhao Hongli Tian Chunhui Li Hongmei Yi Yunlong Zhang Xiaohui Li Han Zhao Yongxue Huo Rui Wang Dingming Kang Yuncai Lu Zhihao Liu Ziyue Liang Liwen Xu Yang Yang Ling Zhou Tianyu Wang Jiuran Zhao Fengge Wang | 2022 | Plant Communications2022，3，4： | 0 |
| 6 | Spatial distribution and risk assessments of mercury in topsoils of Central Asia显示文摘Central Asia is one of the largest arid areas on earth,yet little is known about the concentration levels and risks of mercury(Hg)in the soils of this region.In this study,extensive sampling of topsoils(0-10 cm)from representative landscapes was carried out over Central Asia(i.e.,Tajikistan,Uzbekistan,and Kyrgyzstan).The total mercury(THg)concentrations in topsoils varied widely from 1.6 to 908.0 ng/g,with high values observed in samples collected in the capital cities and urban areas.Topsoil THg concentrations among different landscapes showed a decreasing order of urban(79.8±184.0 ng/g)>woodland(27.3±28.9 ng/g)>grassland(20.6±15.9 ng/g)>farmland(18.3±9.5 ng/g)>desert(12.3±8.0 ng/g).High THg concentrations were found in the capital cities/urban clusters,followed by a gradual decrease towards the peripheries.THg concentrations were found to be negatively correlated with the distance from the sampling sites to their nearest cities,indicating that anthropogenic emissions significantly influenced the spatial distribution of topsoil Hg.A significant correlation between THg concentrations and topsoil total organic carbon(TOC)contents was also observed,suggesting that TOC played an essential role in the spatial distribution of topsoil Hg.The assessments of pollution and potential ecological risk suggested that topsoils in highly densely-populated areas were contaminated by Hg and had higher degrees of potential ecological risks.The health risk assessment results showed that the exposure risk of topsoil Hg to children was higher than that to adults.Fortunately,there was no unacceptable human health risk of topsoil Hg.This study clarified the spatial distribution and risks of Hg in the Central Asian topsoils,offering new insight into the risk prevention and control of soil Hg. | Zhengzheng Yang Junming Guo Shiwei Sun Dingming Ni Pengfei Chen Dipesh Rupakheti Huhu Kang Sabur F Abdullaev Salamat Abdyzhapar uulu Shichang Kang | 2023 | Geoscience Frontiers2023，14，4： | 0 |
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