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| 1 | Influence of Ganoderma lucidum spores on the levels of neuropeptide Y and somatostatin in brains of seizure rats显示文摘BACKGROUND: Previous research has revealed that somatostatin can induce epilepsy, and that the levels of neuropeptide Y may increase and become more active in brain areas with epileptic seizures. OBJECTIVE: To observe the effect of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder on the neuropeptide Y and somatostatin content in the cerebral cortex and hippocampal regions of seizure rats induced by pentylenetetrazol (PTZ). Furthermore, to verify any effect of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder on inhibition of epileptic seizures. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: A randomized group animal study was performed in August 2007 in the School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiamusi University (Jiamusi, Heilongjiang, China). MATERIALS: Thirty healthy, male, Wistar rats, aged 12 weeks and weighing 180–220 g, were taken as the experimental animals. PTZ (Sigma Company, United States) was used to induce epilepsy. Ganoderma lucidum spores (Leyss, ex Fr variety) were purchased from Jiamusi City Wild Growing Case of the Ganoderma Lucidum (China). Rabbit anti-somatostatin antibodies and secondary antibodies were purchased from Wuhan Boster Company (China). Neuropeptide Y radioimmunoassay kit was purchased from Beijing Furui Biotechnology Company (China). METHODS: Thirty rats were randomly divided into three groups: a control group, an epilepsy model group and a Ganoderma lucidum spore-treated group. Each group contained 10 animals. Rats in the epilepsy model group were treated with intraperitoneal injections of PTZ and gastric perfusion of physiologic saline. In the Ganoderma lucidum spore-treated group, intraperitoneal injection of PTZ and gastric perfusion of Ganoderma lucidum spore powder were administered. The blank control group was only administered with the physiological saline by intraperitoneal injection and gastric perfusion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Immunohistochemical staining and radioimmunoassay methods were used to observe the changes of somatostatin and neuropeptide Y content in brain tissue of epileptic rats, as well as the morphology of neurons. RESULTS: All 30 rats were involved in the result analysis, without any loss. The number of somatostatin immunoreacted positive cells in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus was significantly increased in the epilepsy model group compared to the blank control group (P < 0.01). The number of somatostatin immunoreacted positive cells in cerebral cortex and hippocampus was significantly decreased in the Ganoderma lucidum spore-treated group compared to the epilepsy model group (P < 0.01). The contents of neuropeptide Y in cerebral cortex and hippocampus were significantly increased in the epilepsy model group compared to the blank control group (P < 0.01). The contents of neuropeptide Y in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus were significantly decreased in the Ganoderma lucidum spore-treated group compared to the epilepsy model group (P < 0.05). The epilepsy seizures in the Ganoderma lucidum spore-treated group were obviously reduced compared to the epilepsy model group. CONCLUSION: Ganoderma lucidum spore powder was able to reduce the somatostatin and neuropeptide Y content in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus effectively, so as to achieve an anti-epileptic function and protect neurons from being damaged. | Kongli Zhu Ming Lu Shuqiu Wang Shiling Zhang Dixiang Sun | 2008 | Neural Regeneration Research2008，3，5： | 3 |
| 2 | Tonoplast-associated calcium signaling regulates manganese homeostasis in Arabidopsis显示文摘Manganese(Mn)is an essential micronutrient in plants.However,excessive Mn absorption in acidic and waterlogged soils can lead to Mn toxicity.Despite their essential roles in Mn homeostasis,transcriptional and post-transcriptional modifications of Mn transporters remain poorly understood.Here,we demonstrated that high-Mn stress induces an obvious Ca^(2+) signature in Arabidopsis.We identified four calcium-dependent protein kinases,CPK4/5/6/11,that interact with the tonoplast-localized Mn and iron(Fe)transporter MTP8 in vitro and in vivo.The cpk4/5/6/11 quadruple mutant displayed a dramatic high-Mn-sensitive phenotype similar to that of the mtp8 mutant.CPKs phosphorylated the N-terminal domain of MTP8 primarily at the Ser31 and Ser32 residues.Transport assays combined with multiple physiological experiments on phospho-dead variant MTP8^(S31/32A)and phospho-mimetic variant MTP8^(S31/32D)plants under different Mn and Fe conditions suggested that Ser31 and Ser32 are crucial for MTP8 function.In addition,genetic analysis showed that CPKs functioned upstream of MTP8.In summary,we identified a tonoplast-associated calcium signaling cascade that orchestrates Mn homeostasis and links Mn toxicity,Ca^(2+) signaling,and Mn transporters.These findings provide new insight into Mn homeostasis mechanisms and Ca^(2+) signaling pathways in plants,providing potential targets for engineering heavy metal toxicity-tolerant plants. | Zhenqian Zhang Dali Fu Zhihui Sun Chuanfeng Ju Cuicui Miao Zhangqing Wang Dixiang Xie Liang Ma Zhizhong Gong Cun Wang | 2021 | Molecular Plant2021，14，5： | 2 |
| 3 | Changes of the relationship between population and environment in the Yangtze River Valley in history显示文摘ChangesoftherelationshipbetwenpopulationandenvironmentintheYangtzeRiverValeyinhistoryZHANGDixiangSUNPingThePopulationResearch... | ZHANG Dixiang SUN PingThe Population Research Institute, Wuhan Unviersity, Wuchang 430072 CHINA | 1998 | Journal of Geographical Sciences1998，8，2： | 0 |
| 4 | Effects of nanometer particles and water decoction of the Chinese medicine mixture of pinellia ternate and scorpion on P53 protein contents and apoptosis in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of epileptic rats显示文摘BACKGROUND: Water decoction of the Chinese traditional medicine mixture of pinellia ternate and scorpion is an effective treatment for epilepsy. OBJECTIVE: To compare nanometer particles and effects of water decoction of Chinese traditional medicine mixture on P53 protein levels and apoptosis in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of epileptic rats. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: This randomized, controlled molecular biology study was performed at the Key Laboratory of Child Neural Rehabilitation of Jiamusi University from October to December 2007. MATERIALS: Forty healthy male Wistar rats were used in this study. Convulsion rat models were established by intraperitoneal infusion of 35 mg/kg pentylenetetrazol, once a day, for 28 successive days. The Chinese traditional medicine mixture, comprising pinellia ternate, scorpion, centipede, bupleurum, peach pit and glycyrrhiza, was purchased from Beijing Tongrentang, China. The mixture was made into nanometer particles and water decoction. The apoptosis determination kit and P53 immunohistochemistry kit were bought from Boster, China. METHODS: Forty Wistar rats were randomly divided into four groups of ten rats per group, control, nanometer particle, water decoction and epileptic model groups. Rats in the nanometer particle and water decoction groups were respectively treated with 300 mg/kg Chinese herb nanometer particle suspension and water decoction by gavage, once a day, for 28 days. Rats in the epileptic model group were fed an equal volume of saline by gavage. Rats in the control group were only administered with the same volume of saline by ga- vage. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Terminal deoxynucleotidyl Transferase Biotin-dUTP Nick End Labeling (TUNEL) and immunohistochemistry were used to respectively detect neuronal apoptosis and P53 protein expression in the rat brain cortex and hippocampus at 28 days following administration. RESULTS: The number of apoptotic neurons was lower in the nanometer particle and water decoction groups compared with the epileptic model group. The number of apoptotic cells and P53 protein expression in the rat cerebral cortex and hippocampus was greater in the epileptic model group compared with the control group (P < 0.05), but lower in the nanometer particle and water decoction groups compared with the epileptic model group (P < 0.05), and lower in the nanometer particle group compared with the water decoction group (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Chinese traditional medicine mixture decreases neuronal apoptosis and P53 protein expression in epileptic rats. The effect of nanometer particles is significant compared with water decoction. | Shuxiang Wang Lei Liu Yuming Kang Shuqiu Wang Dixiang Sun Xiaoru Ma Yanfeng Liang Fangfang Wang | 2008 | Neural Regeneration Research2008，3，7： | 0 |
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