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| 1 | 急性运动对ADHD患儿和普通儿童认知表现的影响(英文)显示文摘背景:注意力缺失过动症(attention deficit hyperactivity disorder,ADHD)是一种普通的儿童疾病,影响到大约11%的美国儿童。已有研究支持一段时间的运动有益于儿童的认知表现,数量有限的研究已证明这种影响对ADHD患儿也有效。本研究旨在探讨急性运动对ADHD患儿和普通儿童认知表现的影响。方法:让ADHD患儿和普通儿童接受为期2天、顺序平衡随机的治疗,其中一天为30 min对照状态,另一天为中等强度运动。治疗后对受试者进行认知测试。结果:运动使受试者在斯特鲁测试(Stroop Test)3种情况下的表现均有显著提高,但对伦敦塔测试(Tower of London Test)和连线测试(Trail Making Test)表现影响不大。结论:一段时间的运动能改善ADHD患儿和正常儿童的处理速度和抑制控制,但对其计划和定势转换能力没有影响。 | Aaron T.Piepmeier Chia-Hao Shih Margaret Whedon Lauren M.Williams Matthew E.Davis David A.Henning Se Yun Park Susan D.Calkins Jennifer L.Etnier | 2015 | Journal of Sport and Health Science2015，4，1： | 3 |
| 2 | Is analysis of lower esophageal sphincter vector volumes of value in diagnosing gastroesophageal reflux disease?显示文摘AIM: With successful surgical treatment of gastroesophagealreflux disease (GERD), there is interest in understandingthe anti-reflux barrier and its mechanisms of failure. To date,the potential use of vector volumes to predict the DeMeesterscore has not been adequately explored.METHODS: 627 patients in the referral database receivedesophageal manometry and ambulatory 24-hour pHmonitoring. Study data included LES resting pressure (LESP),overall LES length (OL) and abdominal length (AL), totalvector volume (TW) and intrabdominal vector volume (IVV).RESULTS: In cases where LESP, TVV or IVV were all belownormal, there was an 81.4 % probability of a positiveDeMeester score. In cases where all three were normal,there was an 86.9 % probability that the DeMeester scorewould be negative. Receiver-operating characteristics (ROC)for LESP, TW and IW were nearly identical and indicatedno useful cut-off values. Logistic regression demonstratedthat LESP and IVV had the strongest association with apositive DeMeester score; however, the regression formulawas only 76.L % accurate.CONCLUSION: While the indices based on TVV, IW andLESP are more sensitive and specific, respectively, than anysingle measurement, the measurement of vector volumesdoes not add significantly to the diagnosis of GERD. | Robert E.Marsh Christopher L.Perdue Ziad T.Awad Patrice Watson Mohamed Selima Richard E.Davis Charles J.Filipi | 2003 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2003，9，1： | 3 |
| 3 | Patient involvement in patient safety: what factors influence patient participation and engagement?显示文摘 | Rachel E.Davis RosamondJacklin NickSevdalis Charles A.Vincent | 2007 | Health Expectations2007，，3： | 1 |
| 4 | Environmental sampling of volatile organic compounds during the 2018 Camp Fire in Northern California显示文摘Trace analysis of volatile organic compounds(VOCs) during wildfires is imperative for environmental and health risk assessment. The use of gas sampling devices mounted on unmanned aerial vehicles(UAVs) to chemically sample air during wildfires is of great interest because these devices move freely about their environment, allowing for more representative air samples and the ability to sample areas dangerous or unreachable by humans. This work presents chemical data from air samples obtained in Davis, CA during the most destructive wildfire in California's history-the 2018 Camp Fire – as well as the deployment of our sampling device during a controlled experimental fire while fixed to a UAV. The sampling mechanism was an in-house manufactured micro-gas preconcentrator(μPC) embedded onto a compact battery-operated sampler that was returned to the laboratory for chemical analysis. Compounds commonly observed in wildfires were detected during the Camp Fire using gas chromatography mass spectrometry(GC–MS), including BTEX(benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, m + p-xylene, and o-xylene), benzaldehyde, 1,4-dichlorobenzene, naphthalene, 1,2,3-trimethylbenzene and 1-ethyl-3-methylbenzene. Concentrations of BTEX were calculated and we observed that benzene and toluene were highest with average concentrations of 4.7 and 15.1 μg/m^(3), respectively. Numerous fire-related compounds including BTEX and aldehydes such as octanal and nonanal were detected upon experimental fire ignition, even at a much smaller sampling time compared to samples taken during the Camp Fire. Analysis of the air samples taken both stationary during the Camp Fire and mobile during an experimental fire show the successful operation of our sampler in a fire environment. | Leslie A.Simms Eva Borras Bradley S.Chew Bruno Matsui Mitchell M.McCartney Stephen K.Robinson Nicholas Kenyon Cristina E.Davis | 2021 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2021，33，5： | 1 |
| 5 | Coping with extremes:convergences of habitat use,territoriality,and diet in summer but divergences in winter between two sympatric snow finches on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau显示文摘On the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,extreme environmental conditions have imposed intense selective pressure on the evolution of phenotypic traits of wild animals.To date,limited information is available on behavioral and ecological traits concerning niche differentiation among sympatric animals on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau,especially during winter when the environments are most severe.Here,we studied the seasonal variations in habitat occurrence,territorial behavior,and diet in two sympatric snow finches(the white-rumped snow finch,Onychostruthus taczanowskii,WRSF;and the rufous-necked snow finch,Pyrgilauda ruficollis,RNSF)to determine convergence and divergence of ecological traits in such severe climatic conditions.Our results showed that:(i)WRSF occupied rural areas as a dominant species throughout the annual cycle while RNSF occupied the rural areas in summer and then shifted to human-occupied areas in winter and spring;(ii)WRSFs exhibited robust aggressive behavior and territoriality during winter relative to RNSFs;(iii)the diets of both species varied with the season but did not vary between species except that WRSF ate significantly more seeds but RNSF consumed more starchy material derived from human food waste during winter.Therefore,the separations in the spatial niche and territoriality between WRSF and RNSF,especially in winter,may contribute to alleviating the pressure of interspecific competition,and promoting the coexistence of the two sympatric snow finches in the extreme environments on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau. | Dongming LI Jason E.DAVIS Yanfeng SUN Gang WANG Ghulam NABI John C.WINGFIELD Fumin LEI | 2020 | Integrative Zoology2020，15，6： | 1 |
| 6 | 3种检疫性葡萄黄化植原体的快速检测显示文摘葡萄上的植原体病害由于引起叶片黄化而被称为葡萄黄化病。由于这一病害极为严重,葡萄黄化植原体被列为我国的植物检疫对象。其中,葡萄金黄化植原体(16SrV)、维吉尼亚葡萄黄化植原体(16SrⅢ)和澳大利亚葡萄黄化植原体(16SrⅫ)是引起葡萄黄化病的主要3个株系,它们导致的病害症状相似,难以区分。本文进行了3个株系16S rRNA基因DNA序列比对,而后根据同源性相对低的序列设计了43条特异性引物、103对引物对组合,对葡萄黄化植原体3个株系各自的DNA及混合DNA进行PCR扩增,从中筛选出来特异性较强的8个引物对组合。这些引物对组合,能够同步、特异、快速地检测3种葡萄黄化植原体。 | 姜华 王有福 姜一 魏薇 Rasa Jomantiene Robert E.Davis 赵衍 | 2011 | 植物病理学报2011，41，4： | 0 |
| 7 | 全球背景中的城市:学术史概要显示文摘学者们研究全球背景中的城市几乎与研究城市的时间一样长(Weber.1927:Pirenne.1936)。在早期有关城市的作品中.”全球城市”的概念未必使用过.但是国际金融市场联系与贸易关系却是存在的。在许多早期作品中.城市的物质、社会和经济变迁与国家和国际的政治环境——从封建专制主义秩序的灭亡(weber.1958)到现代民族国家的兴起(Tilly.1975;1990)——以及现代性的社会关系(Durkheim.1993:Simmel,1950)的出现紧密相连. | Diane E.Davis 张艳 | 2006 | 国外城市规划2006，21，6： | 0 |
| 8 | 易拉罐美容记显示文摘一.惊魂记:首先它和其他易拉罐兄弟们一起,被像压面包一样地压成一个个大大的金属面包!
二.粉身记:金属面包被喂进切割机切成零零碎碎的小铁片。看着支离破碎的身躯,那个惨啊!据操作师说“这样是为了对每个铁片的每个部位都进行充分挺作……” | Jan McHarry E.Davis P.Sanford | 2009 | 小哥白尼(趣味科学)2009，，8： | 0 |
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