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| 1 | Occult hepatitis B virus infection among Egyptian blood donors显示文摘AIM:To identify blood donors with occult hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection(OBI) to promote safe blood donation.METHODS:Descriptive cross sectional study was conducted on 3167 blood donors negative for hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg),hepatitis C antibody(HCV Ab) and human immunodeficiency virus Ab.They were subjected to the detection of alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and aspartate transaminase(AST) and screening for anti-HBV core antibodies(total) by two different techniques;[Monoliza antibodies to hepatitis B core(Anti-HBc) Plus-Bio-Rad] and(ARC-HBc total-ABBOT).Positive samples were subjected to quantitative detection of antibodies to hepatitis B surface(anti-HBs)(ETI-AB-AUK-3,Dia Sorin-Italy).Serum anti-HBs titers > 10 IU/L was considered positive.Quantitative HBV DNA by real time polymerase chain reaction(PCR)(QIAGEN-Germany) with 3.8 IU/mL detection limit was estimated for blood units with negative serum anti-HBs and also for 32 whose anti-HBs serum titers were > 1000 IU/L.Also,265 recipients were included,34 of whom were followed up for 3-6 mo.Recipients were investigated for ALT and AST,HBV serological markers:HBsAg(ETI-MAK-4,Dia Sorin-Italy),anti-HBc,quantitative detection of anti-HBs and HBV-DNA.RESULTS:525/3167(16.6%) of blood units were positive for total anti-HBc,64% of those were antiHBs positive.Confirmation by ARCHITECT anti-HBc assay were carried out for 498/525 anti-HBc positive samples,where 451(90.6%) confirmed positive.Reactivity for anti-HBc was considered confirmed only if two positive results were obtained for each sample,giving an overall prevalence of 451/3167(14.2%) for total anti-HBc.HBV DNA was quantified by real time PCR in 52/303(17.2%) of anti-HBc positive blood donors(viral load range:5 to 3.5 x 105 IU/mL) with a median of 200 IU/mL(mean:1.8 x 104 ± 5.1 x 104 IU/mL).AntiHBc was the only marker in 68.6% of donors.Univariate and multivariate logistic analysis for identifying risk factors associated with anti-HBc and HBV-DNA positivity among blood donors showed that age above thirty and marriage were the most significant risk factors for prediction of anti-HBc positivity with AOR 1.8(1.4-2.4) and 1.4(1.0-1.9) respectively.Other risk factors as gender,history of blood transfusion,diabetes mellitus,frequent injections,tattooing,previous surgery,hospitalization,Bilharziasis or positive family history of HBV or HCV infections were not found to be associated with positive anti-HBc antibodies.Among anti-HBc positive blood donors,age below thirty was the most significant risk factor for prediction of HBV-DNA positivity with AOR 3.8(1.8-7.9).According to HBV-DNA concentration,positive samples were divided in two groups;group one with HBV-DNA ≥ 200 IU/mL(n = 27) and group two with HBV-DNA < 200 IU/mL(n = 26).No significant difference was detected between both groups as regards mean age,gender,liver enzymes or HBV markers.Serological profiles of all followed up blood recipients showed that,all were negative for the studied HBV markers.Also,HBV DNA was not detected among studied recipients,none developed post-transfusion hepatitis(PTH) and the clinical outcome was good.CONCLUSION:OBI is prevalent among blood donors.Nucleic acid amplification/HBV anti core screening should be considered for high risk recipients to eliminate risk of unsafe blood donation. | Zeinab N Said Manal H El Sayed Iman I Salama Enas K Aboel-Magd Magda H Mahmoud Maged El Setouhy Faten Mouftah Manal B Azzab Heidi Goubran Amal Bassili Gamal E Esmat | 2013 | World Journal of Hepatology2013，5，2： | 4 |
| 2 | Interference alignment for secrecy显示文摘 | Koyluoglu O O El Gamal H Lai Li-feng | 2011 | IEEE Transactions on Information Theory2011，57，6： | 1 |
| 3 | On the theory of space-time codes for psk modulation显示文摘 | Hammons R Gamal H El | 2000 | IEEE Trans on Information Theory2000，46，2： | 1 |
| 4 | Introduction to the special issue on interference networks显示文摘 | AVESTIMEHR A S EL GAMAL H JAFAR S A | 2011 | IEEE Trans Inf Theory2011，57，5： | 1 |
| 5 | Analysis of temporal noise in CMOS photodiode active pixel sen- sor 显示文摘 | TIAN H FOWLER B EL GAMAL A | 2001 | IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits2001，36，1： | 1 |
| 6 | On the achievable diversitymultiplexing tradeoff in half-duplex cooperative channels显示文摘 | Azarian K El Gamal H Schniter P | 2005 | IEEE Transactions on Information Theory2005，51，12： | 1 |
| 7 | CMOS image sensors显示文摘 | El Gamal A Eltoukhy H | 2005 | IEEE Circuits and Devices Magazine2005，21，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Modeling and Analysis of the Role ofEnergy Storage for Renewable Integration:Power Balancing 显示文摘 | SU H I EL GAMAL A | 2013 | Power Systems IEEE Transactions on2013，28，4： | 1 |
| 9 | Severe respiratory muscle weakness related to long-term colchicine therapy 显示文摘 | Tanios MA El Gamal H Epstein SK | 2004 | RespirCare2004，49，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Noisy Network Coding显示文摘 | SUNG L KIM Y H EL GAMAL A | | 0，，05： | 1 |
| 11 | On the achievable diversity multiplexing tradeoff in halfduplex cooperative channels显示文摘 | AZARIAN K EL GAMAL H SCHNITER P | 2005 | IEEE Transactions on Information Theory2005，51，12： | 1 |
| 12 | On maximum-likelihood detection and the search for the closest lattice point显示文摘 | DAMEN M O GAMAL H El CAIRE G | 2003 | IEEE Trans on Information Theory2003，49，10： | 1 |
| 13 | CMOS image sensors显示文摘 | Gamal A El EJtoukhy H | 2005 | IEEE Circuits &Device Magazine2005，21，： | 1 |
| 14 | On maximum-likelihood de-tection and the search for the closest lattice point显示文摘 | Damen M Gamal H El Caire G | 2003 | IEEE Transactions on Information Theory2003，40，10： | 1 |
| 15 | On the secrecy capacity of fading channels 显示文摘 | Gopala P K Lifeng L Gamal H El | 2008 | IEEE Transactions on Information Theory2008，54，： | 1 |
| 16 | CMOS Image Sensors 显示文摘 | Gamal A El Eltoukhy H | 2005 | IEEE CircuitsDevices Mag2005，21，3： | 1 |
| 17 | The relay-eavesdropper channel: Co- operation for secrecy 显示文摘 | Lai L Gamal H El | 2008 | IEEE Transactions on Informa- tion Theory2008，54，9： | 1 |
| 18 | Discovery of olmesartan hexetil:a new potential prodrug of olmesartan显示文摘 | El Gamal M I Anbar H S Chung H J | 2013 | Bioorg Med Chem Lett2013，23，5： | 1 |
| 19 | Iterative channel estimation and decoding for eonvolutionally coded anti-jam FH signals显示文摘 | El Gamal H Geraniotis E | 2002 | IEEE Transactions on Communications2002，50，2： | 1 |
| 20 | CMOS image sensors显示文摘 | El Gamal A Ehoukhy H | 2005 | IEEE Circuits and Devices Magazine2005，21，3： | 1 |
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