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| 1 | Protective effects of ischemic preconditioning and application of lipoic acid prior to 90 min of hepatic ischemia in a rat model显示文摘AIM: To compare different preconditioning strategies to protect the liver from ischemia/reperfusion injury focusing on the expression of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins. Interventions comprised different modes of ischemic preconditioning (IP) as well as pharmacologic pretreatment by α-lipoic acid (LA). METHODS: Several groups of rats were compared: sham operated animals, non-pretreated animals (nt), animals receiving IP (10 min of ischemia by clamping of the portal triad and 10 min of reperfusion) prior to sustained ischemia, animals receiving selective ischemic preconditioning (IPsel, 10 min of ischemia by selective clamping of the ischemic lobe and 10 min of reperfusion) prior to sustained ichemia, and animals receiving 500 μmol α-LA injected i.v. 15 min prior to the induction of 90 min of selective ischemia. RESULTS: Cellular damage was decreased only in the LA group. TUNEL-positive hepatocytes as well as necrotic hepatocyte injury were also decreased only by LA (19 ± 2 vs 10 ± 1, P < 0.05 and 29 ± 5 vs 12 ± 1, P < 0.05). Whereas caspase 3- activities in liver tissue were unchanged, caspase 9- activity in liver tissue was decreased only by LA pretreatment (3.1 ± 0.3 vs 1.8 ± 0.2, P < 0.05). Survival rate as the endpoint of liver function was increased after IP and LA pretreatment but not after IPsel. Levels of lipid peroxidation (LPO) in liver tissue were decreased in the IP as well as in the LA group compared to the nt group. Determination of pro- and anti-apoptotic proteins showed a shift towardsanti-apoptotic proteins by LA. In contrast, both our IP strategies failed to influence apototic cell death. CONCLUSION: IP, consisting of 10 min of ischemia and 10 min of reperfusion, protects only partly against ischemia/reperfusion injury of the liver prior to 90 min of selective ischemia. IPsel did not influence ischemic tolerance of the liver. LA improved tolerance to ischemia, possibly by downregulation of pro-apoptotic Bax. | Friedrich Duenschede Kirsten Erbes Nina Riegler Patrick Ewald Achim Kircher Stefanie Westermann Arno Schad Imke Miesmer Simon Albrecht-Schck Ines Gockel Alexandra K Kiemer Theodor Junginger | 2007 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2007，13，27： | 8 |
| 2 | Exocrine pancreatic involvement in critically ill patients 显示文摘 | Hardt PD Mayer K Ewald N | 2009 | Curt Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care2009，12，2： | 1 |
| 3 | Exocrine pancreatic involvement in critically in patients显示文摘 | Hardta PD Mayerb K Ewald N | 2009 | Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care2009，12，2： | 1 |
| 4 | Thymosin β4: actin-sequestering protein moonlights to repair injured tissues 显示文摘 | Goldstein A L Ewald H Hynda K K | 2005 | TRENDS in Molecular Medicine2005，11，9： | 1 |
| 5 | Influence of re actant characteristics on the microstructures of combus tion synthesized titanium carbide显示文摘 | Haiverson D C Ewald K H Munir Z A | 1993 | Journal of Materi als Science1993，28，17： | 1 |
| 6 | Combustion of zirconium powders in oxygen 显示文摘 | Ewald K H Anselmi-Tamburini U Munir Z A | 2000 | Materials Seience and Engineering A2000，291，12： | 1 |
| 7 | Diversity of endophytic bacterial com- munities in poplar grown under field conditions显示文摘 | Ulrich K Ulrich A Ewald D | 2008 | FEMS Microbi- ology Ecology2008，63，2： | 1 |
| 8 | Geographical and taxonomic biases in invasion ecology显示文摘 | Petr Py?ek David M. Richardson Jan Pergl Vojtěch Jaro?ík Zuzana Sixtová Ewald Weber | 2008 | Trends in Ecology & Evolution2008，，5： | 1 |
| 9 | Sucrose accumulationin the sugarcane stem is regulated by the difference be-tween the activities of soluble acid invertase and sucrosephosphate synthase显示文摘 | ZHU Y J EWALD K PAUL H M | 1997 | Plant Physiol1997，115，2： | 1 |
| 10 | Incidence of retinopathy of prematurity in infants born before 27 weeks' gestation in Sweden显示文摘 | Austeng D Kallen K B Ewald U W | 2009 | Arch Ophthalmol2009，127，10： | 1 |
| 11 | Flavonoid gene expression and UV photoprotection in transgenic and mutant Petunia leaves显示文摘 | RYAN K G EWALD E SWINNY | 2002 | Phytochemistry2002，59，： | 1 |
| 12 | Distinct autoantibodies against exocrine pancreatic antigens in European patients with type I diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic chronic pancreatitis显示文摘 | Hardt PD Ewald N Brokling K | | 0，，06： | 1 |
| 13 | Combustion of zirconium powders in oxygen显示文摘 | Ewald K H Anselmi-Tamburini U Munir Z A | 2000 | Materials Sci- ence and Engineering2000，291，12： | 1 |
| 14 | Incidence of retinopathy of prematurity in infants born before 27 weeks′ gestation in Sweden显示文摘 | Austeng D K(a)llen KB Ewald UW | 2009 | Arch Ophthalmol2009，127，10： | 1 |
| 15 | Wavelets on a bounded interval显示文摘 | CHUI C K EWALD Q | 1992 | Numerical Methods of Approximation Theory1992，，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Exocrine pancreatic involvement in critically in patients显示文摘 | Hardta PD Mayerb K Ewald N | 2009 | Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care2009，12，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Progressive spontaneous herniation of the thoracic spinal cord:case report显示文摘 | Ewald C Kühne D Hassler WE | 2000 | Neurosurgery2000，46，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Distinct autoantibodies against exocfine pancreatic antigens in European patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus and non-alcoholic chronic pancreatitis显示文摘 | Hardt PD Ewald N Br? ckling K | 2008 | JOP2008，9，6： | 1 |
| 19 | Effect of processing on major flavonoids in processed onion, green beans, and peas显示文摘 | Ewald C Fjelkner - Modig S Johansson K | 1999 | Food Chem1999，，64： | 1 |
| 20 | Degradation of nonphenolic lignin by the laccase/1-hydroxybenzotriazole system 显示文摘 | Ewald S A Hammel K E | 2000 | Journal of Biotechnology2000，81，： | 1 |
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