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您的检索式：作者名="Elizabeth Scarr"
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| 1 | Biomarkers in schizophrenia:A focus on blood based diagnostics and theranostics显示文摘Identifying biomarkers that can be used as diagnostics or predictors of treatment response(theranostics) in people with schizophrenia(Sz) will be an important step towards being able to provide personalized treatment. Findings from the studies in brain tissue have not yet been translated into biomarkers that are practical in clinical use because brain biopsies are not acceptable and neuroimaging techniques are expensive and the results are inconclusive. Thus, in recent years, there has been search for blood-based biomarkers for Sz as a valid alternative. Although there are some encouraging preliminary data to support the notion of peripheral biomarkers for Sz, it must be acknowledged that Sz is a complex and heterogeneous disorder which needs to be further dissected into subtype using biological based and clinical markers. The scope of this review is to critically examine published blood-based biomarker of Sz, focusing on possible uses for diagnosis, treatment response, or their relationship with schizophreniaassociated phenotype. We sorted the studies into six categories which include:(1) brain-derived neurotrophic factor;(2) inflammation and immune function;(3) neurochemistry;(4) oxidative stress response and metabolism;(5) epigenetics and micro RNA; and(6) transcriptome and proteome studies. This review also summarized the molecules which have been conclusively reported as potential blood-based biomarkers for Sz in different blood cell types. Finally, we further discusses the pitfall of current blood-based studies and suggest that a prediction model-based, Sz specific, bloodoriented study design as well as standardize blood collection conditions would be useful for Sz biomarker development. | Chi-Yu Lai Elizabeth Scarr Madhara Udawela Ian Everall Wei J Chen Brian Dean | 2016 | World Journal of Psychiatry2016，6，1： | 6 |
| 2 | Allosteric modulation of cholinergic system:Potential approach to treating cognitive deficits of schizophrenia显示文摘Schizophrenia is a psychiatric disorder affecting approximately 1% of the population worldwide and is characterised by the presence of positive and negative symptoms and cognitive deficits. Whilst current therapeutics ameliorate positive symptoms, they are largely ineffective in improving negative symptoms and cognitive deficits. The cholinergic neurotransmitter system heavily influences cognitive function and there is evidence that implicates disruption of the central cholinergic system in schizophrenia. Historically, targeting the cholinergic system has been impeded by poor selectivity leading to intolerable side effects warranting the need to develop more targeted therapeutic compounds. In this review we will summarise evidence supporting the roles of the cholinergic system, particularly the muscarinic M1 receptor, in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia and discuss the potential of a promising new class of candidate compounds, allosteric ligands, for addressing the difficulties involved in targeting this system. The body of evidence presented here highlights the dysfunction of the cholinergic system in schizophrenia and that targeting this system by taking advantage of allosteric ligands is having clinically meaningful effect on cognitive deficits. | Shaun Hopper Madhara Udawela Elizabeth Scarr Brian Dean | 2016 | World Journal of Pharmacology2016，5，1： | 3 |
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