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| 1 | An efficient method for clonal propagation and in vitro establishment of softwood shoots from epicormic buds of teak(Tectona grandis L.)显示文摘Softwood shoots were produced from 40 cm long stem segments placed horizontally in flat trays containing sterilized sand under natural light or shade conditions for subsequent rooting and micropropagation studies in teak(Tectona grandis L.) . Higher number of shoots(6.17) per log was produced under natural light as compared to shade conditions. Forcing was also better in natural light as compared to shade in terms of shoot length,number of nodes or leaves. For rooting,2-4 cm long softwood shoots were excised and treated with either indole-3-butyric acid(IBA) or α-naphthyl acetic acid(NAA) at 0,1000,2000 or 3000 μmol·L-1 each or with combinations(1000 + 1000,2000 + 2000 or 3000 + 3000 μmol·L-1) and then placed in flat trays containing autoclaved sand at 25 ± 2oC in 16 h photoperiod at 35 μmol·m-2·s-1. After 28 days,softwood cuttings treated with IBA + NAA(3000 + 3000 μmol·L-1) had highest rooting percentage(89.3%) with 5.5 mean roots. Shoot apex and nodal explants of softwood cuttings were pretreated with 0.1%(w/v) ascorbic acid,boric acid,activated charcoal,citric acid,glutamine or polyvinylpolypyrollidone(PVP) for 24 h to remove phenolic compounds before surface disinfestation. Glutamine(Gl) and PVP were equally effective resulting in 60% establishment of shoot apices on MS medium supplemented with 10 μmol·L-1 6-benzylaminopurine(BAP) + 5 μmol·L-1 NAA. Using shoot apices,highest(42.80) number of multiple shoots with 54.33 mm shoot length were obtained on MS + BAP(8.8 μmol·L-1) + IBA(2 μmol·L-1) after 45 days. Shoots were successfully rooted and acclimatized to greenhouse conditions. | Muhammad AKRAM Faheem AFTAB | 2009 | Forestry Studies in China2009，11，2： | 3 |
| 2 | Establishment of Embryogenic Cultures and Efficient Plant Regeneration System from Explants of Forced Softwood Shoots of Teak (Tectona grandis L.)显示文摘The present study highlights an efficient plant regeneration system in teak(Tectona grandis L.) using forced softwood shoots as an initial plant material. Forced softwood shoots of teak were cut to prepare shoot tip, nodal and internodal explants and cultured on Murashige and Skoog(MS) medium + NAA(1, 3, 6, 10, and 15 μmol · L-1) or TDZ(0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1, 4, 8, 10, 12 μmol · L-1) for callus induction. Such calluses were further grown on the same levels of TDZ or 0.4, 1, 4, 8, 10 μmol · L-1 BA + 1 μmol · L-1 IBA or GA3. Callus induction was the highest with4.55 cm3 callus volume and 5.75 g dry weight at 0.1 μmol · L-1 TDZ from shoot tips after 35 days. Embryogenic calluses were then shifted to 6, 8 or12 μmol · L-1 TDZ + 2 μmol · L-1 BA or IBA along with 5 mmol · L-1 ascorbic acid(AA) for shoot regeneration from embryogenic cultures. The highest embryogenesis(100%) with 36.4 globular and 5.5 heart-shaped embryo-like structures was obtained at 8 μmol · L-1 TDZ + 2 μmol · L-1 BA after 63 days. Such cultures when further maintained on the same medium up to 150 days resulted in 100% shoot regeneration with 16.4 mean shoots.Shoots were elongated up to 50 mm on agar medium + 8 μmol · L-1 BA + 1 μmol · L-1 GA3. An efficient rooting response(70%) was achieved having4.50 mean number and 49.10 mm root length at 8 μmol · L-1 IBA + 8 μmol · L-1 NAA + 0.1% activated charcoal after 36 days. Rooted shoots were acclimatized in glasshouse, achieving 56.6% plantlet survival. | Muhammad Akram Faheem Aftab | 2016 | Horticultural Plant Journal2016，2，5： | 3 |
| 3 | Effect of auxins on axillary and de novo shoot regeneration from in vitro shoot cultures derived from forced epicormic buds of teak (Tectona grandis L.)显示文摘In this presentation,we report on de novo and axillary shoot regeneration and rooting of shoots maintained over a long term,from cultures of Tectona grandis L.Shoot-tips of teak shoots forced from epicormic buds were used as the starting material for axenic shoot-culture establishment.Long term maintenance of such axenic shoot cultures was carried out by regular sub-culturing on MS media supplemented with N 6-benzyleadenine (BA,8.8 μmol L-1) and indole-3-butyric acid (IBA,2 μmol L-1) for 24 months.Vigorously growing shoot tips (2 3 cm long) were inoculated on the MS basal medium supplemented with different concentrations (0,1,2,4,6,8 or 10 μmol L-1) of either IBA or α-naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA) for rooting.Axillary and de novo shoots were developed from axillary and cut basal ends of shoots,respectively.Shoots growing on auxins were further sub-cultured (every 15 days) and maintained for 45 days.The greatest number of de novo (5.06) as well as axillary shoots (2.85) was observed on the MS medium supplemented with 10 μmol L-1 NAA or 8 μmol L-1 IBA,respectively,after 45 days.The combinations of both IBA (μmol L-1) + NAA (μmol L-1) were tested at different concentrations (4 + 4,6 + 6,8 + 8) supplemented to a half strength MS basal medium with 0.1% activated charcoal for rooting of decapitated and non-decapitated de novo and axillary shoots.Rooting from non-decapitated de novo shoots was highest (93.33%) with a mean number of roots of 4.61 on this medium,supplemented with 6 μmol L-1 IBA + 6 μmol L-1 NAA,after 36 days of initial culture.Individual auxin,however,was not effective for root induction.Rooted shoots were acclimatized in a green house and after four weeks plantlets were transferred to the field. | Akram MUHAMMAD Aftab FAHEEM | 2012 | Forestry Studies in China2012，14，3： | 1 |
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