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| 1 | 气候变化对中国钢筋混凝土基础设施碳化腐蚀及破坏风险的影响显示文摘气候变化会使大气中CO2浓度和温度升高,改变相对湿度,因此会改变混凝土基础设施的周围环境。尤其在气候变化的长期作用下,混凝土结构的安全性、适用性和耐久性都会加速衰减。文中描述在气候变化影响下,两个典型城市厦门和韶关的混凝土基础设施在2010~2100年间的碳化损伤研究。两城市大气CO2浓度、温度和相对湿度的预测均基于代表性浓度途径(RCPs)。采用蒙特卡洛模拟进行时效分析,考虑结构尺寸、材料特性、气候预测和预测模型的不确定性。混凝土结构的腐蚀破坏风险由保护层严重开裂的概率表示。结果表明,至2100年气候变化可使平均碳化深度增加达8mm;同时也可造成温热地区的混凝土建筑物的碳化腐蚀破坏概率增加12%~19%。此研究可为将来气候变化对土木设施的影响和气候适应策略提供参考依据。 | 彭里政俐 Mark G.Stewart | 2014 | 土木工程学报2014，47，10： | 9 |
| 2 | 渗透压和乙醇对酵母活力和形态的影响显示文摘酵母菌会影响发酵速度和发酵度,还会影响成品酒的风味、质量和稳定性.由于高浓度的麦汁会对酵母菌的发酵性能产生有害影响,因此必须筛选能适应这种恶劣环境的酵母菌,能经受高渗透压和不断上升的乙醇水平.在体外渗透压和乙醇形成的压力作用下,Lager和Ale啤酒酵母菌的平均细胞体积会减少.研究发现,在相同条件下Lager啤酒酵母的存活力下降得非常明显,而Ale啤酒酵母菌的存活力则基本不受影响.对细胞表面的研究揭示,在上述两种压力作用下,酵母细胞发生收缩,细胞壁呈圆锯齿状.乙醇对酵母细胞表面的影响比由山梨醇产生的渗透压影响更加显著. | Patricia L.Pratt James H.Bryce Graham G.Stewart 林文 | 2004 | 啤酒科技2004，，9： | 5 |
| 3 | Statistical variability and fragility assessment of ballistic perforation of steel plates for 7.62 mm AP ammunition显示文摘The paper describes field test results of 7.62×51 mm M61 AP(armour piercing) ammunition fired into mild steel targets at an outdoor range.The targets varied from 10 mm to 32 mm in thickness.The tests recorded penetration depth,probability of perforation(i.e.,complete penetration),muzzle and impact velocities,bullet mass,and plate yield strength and hardness.The measured penetration depth exhibited a variability of approximately±12%.The paper then compared ballistic test results with predictive models of steel penetration depth and thickness to prevent perforation.Statistical parameters were derived for muzzle and impact velocity,bullet mass,plate thickness,plate hardness,and model error.A Monte-Carlo probabilistic analysis was then developed to estimate the probability of plate perforation of 7.62 mm M61 AP ammunition for a range of impact velocities,and for mild steels,and High Hardness Armour(HHA) plates.This perforation fragility analysis considered the random variability of impact velocity,bullet mass,plate thickness,plate hardness,and model error.Such a probabilistic analysis allows for reliability-based design,where,for example,the plate thickness with 95% reliability(i.e.only 1 in 20 shots will penetrate the wall) can be estimated knowing the probabilistic distribution of perforation.Hence,it was found that the plate thickness to ensure a low 5% probability of perforation needs to be 11-15% thicker than required to have a 50/50 chance of perforation for mild steel plates.Plates would need to be 20-30% thicker if probability of perforation is reduced to zero. | Mark G.Stewart Michael DNetherton | 2020 | Defence Technology(防务技术)2020，16，3： | 1 |
| 4 | Stresses Imposed on Yeast During Brewing Fermentations and Their Effect on Cellular Activity显示文摘Brewer’s yeast strains are exposed to a spectrum of threats and“in-sults”thatcultures encounter during wort fermentation.Culture storage(including acid washing)andtheir propagation can also stress yeast systems.Stresses are a plethora of parameters that ayeast culture toler-ates during its propagation,stprage,and throughout and between wortfermentations.Stress can result in a number of effects on a yeast cul-ture.These includedecreases in yeast viability and vitality,depletion of intracellular glycogen,increases intrehalose,and excretion of intra-cellular proteinase A and other proteinases,with effects onbeer foam stability.Shear of cell wall components will also occur.In addition,modification ofa culture’s flocculation characteristics can result,to-gether with the formation of unfilterablemannan-protein beer hazes,Finally,increases in respiratory deficient(petite)and other yeastmu-tants have been reported. | Graham G.Stewart | 2021 | 中外酒业2021，，5： | 0 |
| 5 | Altered energy metabolism and metabolic gene expression associated with increased metastatic capacity identified in MDA -MB-231 cell line variants显示文摘Aim:Despite current advances in therapies and the gradual decline in breast cancer-related mortality,metastasis remains a major therapeutic challenge for treatment.Energy reprogramming is now recognized to be an important part of tumorigenic processes,but its relevance in metastatic dissemination has yet to be elucidated.Methods:Using the MDA-MB-231HM.LNm5 cell line,a novel,highly metastatic variant line derived from TN hu-man breast adenocarcinoma MDA-MB-231 line,alteration in growth and energy metabolisms associated with en-hanced metastatic potential were described.Glycolysis and oxidative phosphorylation(OXPHOS)was character-ized using the seahorse XF analyzer.Whole transcriptome sequencing(RNA-seq)and quantitative real-time PCR was used to ascertain expression differences in metabolic genes.Results:We observed reduced proliferation,and an elevation of both glycolytic and OXPHOS metabolism in the highly metastatic daughter line.The elevated metabolic rate is only partially reflected by transcript levels of rel-evant metabolic regulators.Heightened mitochondrial respiration is potentially underpinned by increased expres-sion mitochondrial electron transport chain components.However,increased glycolysis was not underpinned by up-regulation of metabolic genes encoding enzymes participating in glycolysis.Conclusion:Our results indicate breast tumour cells with elevated metastatic propensity are more metabolic ac-tive.We also identified differentially expressed metabolic genes,such as IDH2,that may play a part in the meta-static process beyond energy reprogramming. | Yan Tu Cameron N.Johnstone James G.Ryall Guillermo H.Lopez-Campos Christine R.Keenan Alastair G.Stewart | 2018 | Journal of Cancer Metastasis and Treatment2018，4，1： | 0 |
| 6 | Field test and probabilistic analysis of irregular steel debris casualty risks from a person-borne improvised explosive device显示文摘Person-borne improvised explosive devices(PBIEDs)are often used in terrorist attacks in Western countries.This study aims to predict the trajectories of PBIED fragments and the subsequent safety risks for people exposed to this hazard.An explosive field test with a typical PBIED composed of a plastic explosive charge and steel nut enhancements was performed to record initial fragment behaviour,including positions,velocity,and trajectory angles.These data were used to predict the full trajectory of PBIED fragments using a probabilistic analysis.In the probabilistic analyses a probability of fatality or serious injury was computed.Based on the results presented,many practical conclusions can be drawn,for instance,regarding safe evacuation distances if a person were exposed to a suspected PBIED. | Piotr W.Sielicki Mark G.Stewart Tomasz Gajewski MichałMalendowski Piotr Peksa Hasan Al-Rifaie Robert Studzinski Wojciech Sumelka | 2021 | Defence Technology(防务技术)2021，17，6： | 0 |
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