| 2 | 固井水泥环微间隙与微裂缝的模拟试验方法显示文摘对于固井水泥环微间隙和微裂缝模拟试验方法以及自修复评价试验方法,目前尚未统一。为了顺利开展固井水泥环自修复技术研究,基于大量的探索实验,提出了两种模拟微间隙和微裂缝的试验方法:使用不锈钢钢管模拟套管,通过先在套管内壁涂抹均匀的钻井液液膜,然后灌入固井水泥浆的方法模拟固井水泥环微间隙;通过直接灌入水泥浆(内壁无钻井液液膜),待试样固化后再对钢管外壁施加机械挤压力的方法模拟固井水泥环的微裂缝。从抗窜强度测试、试验误差分析和无损伤CT扫描等方面,对模拟试验方法的可靠性、稳定性和模拟样品的微观形态进行了分析研究。结果表明,该模拟试验方法简单易行,微裂缝与微间隙模拟的过程和微观形态与实际工况接近,试验数据稳定可靠。结论认为,该模拟试验方法能够较好地应用于固井水泥环自修复技术研究和固井水泥浆力学性能分析测试。 | 杨振杰 Astou Gawane 杨强 武星星 王晓军 | 2015 | 天然气工业2015，35，9： | 1 |
| 3 | Influence of Soil Organic Carbon on Greenhouse Gas Emission Potential After Application of Biogas Residues or Cattle Slurry:Results from a Pot Experiment显示文摘A change in the European Union energy policy has markedly promoted the expansion of biogas production. Consequently, large amounts of nutrient-rich residues are being used as organic fertilizers. In this study, a pot experiment was conducted to simulate the high-risk situation of enhanced greenhouse gas(GHG) emissions following organic fertilizer application in energy maize cultivation.We hypothesized that cattle slurry application enhanced CO_2 and N_2O fluxes compared to biogas digestate because of the overall higher carbon(C) and nitrogen(N) input, and that higher levels of CO_2 and N_2O emissions could be expected by increasing soil organic C(SOC) and N contents. Biogas digestate and cattle slurry, at a rate of 150 kg NH_4^+-N ha^(-1), were incorporated into 3 soil types with low, medium, and high SOC contents(Cambisol, Mollic Gleysol, and Sapric Histosol, termed Clow, Cmedium, and Chigh, respectively). The GHG exchange(CO_2, CH_4, and N_2O) was measured on 5 replicates over a period of 22 d using the closed chamber technique. The application of cattle slurry resulted in significantly higher CO_2 and N_2O fluxes compared to the application of biogas digestate. No differences were observed in CH_4 exchange, which was close to zero for all treatments. Significantly higher CO_2 emissions were observed in Chigh compared to the other two soil types, whereas the highest N_2O emissions were observed in Cmedium. Thus, the results demonstrate the importance of soil type-adapted fertilization with respect to changing soil physical and environmental conditions. | gawan heintze tim eickenscheidt urs schmidhalter matthias drsler | 2017 | Pedosphere2017，27，5： | 1 |
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