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| 1 | The next detectors for gravitational wave astronomy显示文摘This paper focuses on the next detectors for gravitational wave astronomy which will be required after the current ground based detectors have completed their initial observations, and probably achieved the first direct detection of gravitational waves. The next detectors will need to have greater sensitivity, while also enabling the world array of detectors to have improved angular resolution to allow localisation of signal sources. Sect. 1 of this paper begins by reviewing proposals for the next ground based detectors,and presents an analysis of the sensitivity of an 8 km armlength detector, which is proposed as a safe and cost-effective means to attain a 4-fold improvement in sensitivity. The scientific benefits of creating a pair of such detectors in China and Australia is emphasised. Sect. 2 of this paper discusses the high performance suspension systems for test masses that will be an essential component for future detectors, while sect. 3 discusses solutions to the problem of Newtonian noise which arise from fluctuations in gravity gradient forces acting on test masses. Such gravitational perturbations cannot be shielded, and set limits to low frequency sensitivity unless measured and suppressed. Sects. 4 and 5 address critical operational technologies that will be ongoing issues in future detectors. Sect. 4 addresses the design of thermal compensation systems needed in all high optical power interferometers operating at room temperature. Parametric instability control is addressed in sect. 5. Only recently proven to occur in Advanced LIGO, parametric instability phenomenon brings both risks and opportunities for future detectors. The path to future enhancements of detectors will come from quantum measurement technologies. Sect. 6 focuses on the use of optomechanical devices for obtaining enhanced sensitivity, while sect. 7 reviews a range of quantum measurement options. | BLAIR David JU Li ZHAO ChunNong WEN LinQing MIAO HaiXing CAI RongGen GAO JiangRui LIN XueChun LIU Dong WU Ling-An ZHU ZongHong HAMMOND Giles PAIK Ho Jung FAFONE Viviana ROCCHI Alessio BLAIR Carl MA YiQiu QIN JiaYi PAGE Michael | 2015 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2015，58，12： | 3 |
| 2 | Hepatitis virus:effect of heat on the infectivity and antigenicity of the MS-1 and MS-2 strains显示文摘 | Krugaman S Giles J P Hammond J | 1970 | J Infect Dis1970，122，5： | 1 |
| 3 | A HYPERBOLIC SYSTEM OF CONSERVATION LAWS FOR FLUID FLOWS THROUGH COMPLIANT AXISYMMETRIC VESSELS显示文摘We are concerned with the derivation and analysis of one-dimensional hyperbolic systems of conservation laws modelling fluid flows such as the blood flow through compliant axisymmetric vessels.Early models derived are nonconservative and/or nonhomogeneous with measure source terms,which are endowed with infinitely many Riemann solutions for some Riemann data.In this paper,we derive a one-dimensional hyperbolic system that is conservative and homogeneous.Moreover,there exists a unique global Riemann solution for the Riemann problem for two vessels with arbitrarily large Riemann data,under a natural stability entropy criterion.The Riemann solutions may consist of four waves for some cases.The system can also be written as a 3×3 system for which strict hyperbolicity fails and the standing waves can be regarded as the contact discontinuities corresponding to the second family with zero eigenvalue. | Gui-Qiang G.Chen School of Mathematical Sciences,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China Mathematical Institute,University of Oxford,24-29 St Giles,Oxford,OX1 3LB,UK Department of Mathematics,Northwestern University,Evanston,IL 60208-2730,USA Weihua Ruan Department of Mathematics,Computer Science and Statistics,Purdue University Calumet,Hammond,IN 46323-2094,USA | 2010 | Acta Mathematica Scientia2010，30，2： | 0 |
| 4 | 胰腺癌显示文摘2008年,全球诊断新发胰腺癌病例大约有21.7万例,而在英国每年有8000例胰腺癌新发病例。世界范围内,胰腺癌的发病率位于第13位,但在癌症中其病死率排第8位。在英国,胰腺癌是排名第11位的常见癌症,且在男性和女性中均为由癌症导致死亡的第5位常见死因。 | Giles Bond-Smith Need Banga Toby M Hammond Charles J lmber | 2012 | 英国医学杂志中文版2012，15，4： | 0 |
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