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| 1 | Rhubarb extract partially improves mucosal integrity in chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis显示文摘AIM To investigate the effects of orally gavaged aqueous rhubarb extract(RE) on 5-fluorouracil(5-FU)-induced intestinal mucositis in rats. METHODS Female Dark Agouti rats(n = 8/group) were gavaged daily(1 mL) with water, high-dose RE(HDR; 200 mg/kg) or low-dose RE(LDR; 20mg/kg) for eight days. Intestinal mucositis was induced(day 5) with 5-FU(150 mg/kg) via intraperitoneal injection. Intestinal tissue samples were collected for myeloperoxidase(MPO) activity and histological examination. Xenopus oocytes expressing aquaporin 4 water channels were prepared to examine the effect of aqueous RE on cell volume, indicating a potential mechanism responsible for modulating net fluid absorption and secretion in the gastrointestinal tract. Statistical significance was assumed at P < 0.05 by one-way ANOVA. RESULTS B o d y w e i g h t w a s s i g n i f i c a n t l y r e d u c e d i n r a t s administered 5-FU compared to healthy controls(P < 0.01). Rats administered 5-FU significantly increased intestinal MPO levels(≥ 307%; P < 0.001), compared to healthy controls. However, LDR attenuated this effect in 5-FU treated rats, significantly decreasing ileal MPO activity(by 45%; P < 0.05), as compared to 5-FU controls. 5-FU significantly reduced intestinal mucosal thickness(by ≥ 29% P < 0.001) as compared to healthy controls. LDR significantly increased ileal mucosal thickness in 5-FU treated rats(19%; P < 0.05) relative to 5-FU controls. In xenopus oocytes expressing AQP4 water channels, RE selectively blocked water influx into the cell, induced by a decrease in external osmotic pressure. As water efflux was unaltered by the presence of extracellular RE, the directional flow of water across the epithelial barrier, in the presence of extracellular RE, indicated that RE may alleviate water loss across the epithelial barrier and promote intestinal health in chemotherapy-induced intestinal mucositis.CONCLUSION In summary, low dose RE improves selected parameters of mucosal integrity and reduces ileal inflammation, manifesting from 5-FU-induced intestinal mucositis. | Juliana E Bajic Georgina L Eden Lorrinne S Lampton Ker Y Cheah Kerry A Lymn Jinxin V Pei Andrea J Yool Gordon S Howarth | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，37： | 3 |
| 2 | A neural networks of carrot tip classification显示文摘 | Brandon J R Howarth M S Searcy S W | 1990 | Trans of the ASAE1990，，： | 1 |
| 3 | Effects on male rats of di-(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and di-n-hexylphthalate administered alone or in combination显示文摘 | Howarth J A Price S C Dobrota M | 2001 | Toxicol Lett2001，121，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Complete genome sequence of the model actinomycete Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2)显示文摘 | Bentley SD Chater KF Cerdeno-Tarraga AM Challis GL Thomson NR James KD Harris DE Quail MA Kieser H Harper D Bateman A Brown S Chandra G Chen CW Collins M Cronin A Fraser A Goble A Hidalgo J Hornsby T Howarth S Huang CH Kieser T Larke L Murphy L Oliver K O | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 5 | Application of a generalized power transformation to geochemical data显示文摘 | Howarth R J Earle S | 1979 | Journal of the Internation Association for Mathematical Geology1979，11，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Estimation of tip shape for carrot classification by machine vision显示文摘 | Howarth M S Brandon J R Searcy S W | 1992 | Journal of Agricultural Engineering Research1992，53，： | 1 |
| 7 | Understanding the pathophysiology of severe asthma to generate new therapeutic opportunities 显示文摘 | Holgate ST Holloway J Wilson S Howarth PH Haitchi HM Babu S | 2006 | J Allergy Clin Immunol2006，117，3： | 1 |
| 8 | Co-ordinated ex- pression of amino acid metabolism in response to N and S deficiency during wheat grain filling 显示文摘 | Howarth J R Parmar S Jones J | 2008 | Journal of Experimental Botany2008，59，13： | 1 |
| 9 | HSP70 sup- presses apoptosis in sympathetic neurons by preventing the ac- tivation of C-Jun显示文摘 | BIENEMANN A S LEE Y B HOWARTH J | 2007 | J Neurochem2007，104，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Genetic analysis of chro- mosome I 1 p13 and the PAX6 gene in a series of 125 eases re- ferred with aniridia显示文摘 | ROBINSON DO HOWARTH R J WILLIAMSON KA VAN HEY- NINGEN V BEAL S J CROLLA JA | 2008 | Am J Med Genet A2008，146，5： | 1 |
| 11 | Continuous 14 day infusion of IGF-Ⅱ increases the growth of normal female rats,but exhibits a lower potency than IGF-Ⅰ显示文摘 | Conlon M A Francis G L Tomas F M Wallace J C Howarth G S Ballard F J | 1995 | J Endocrinol1995，144，： | 1 |
| 12 | Ultrafine particles and nitrogen oxides generated by gas and electric cooking 显示文摘 | Dennekamp M Howarth S Dick C A J | 2001 | Occupational & Environmental Medicine2001，58，8： | 1 |
| 13 | Complete genome sequence of the model actinomycete Streptomyces coelicolor A3(2)显示文摘 | Bentley SD Chater KF Cerdeno-Tarraga AM Challis GL Thomson NR James KD Harris DE Quail MA Kieser H Harper D Bateman A Brown S Chandra G Chen CW Collins M Cronin A Fraser A Goble A Hidalgo J Hornsby T Howarth S Huang CH Kieser T Larke L Murphy L Oliver K O | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 14 | Milk growth factors enriched from cheese whey ameliorate intestinal damage by methotrexate when administered orally to rats显示文摘 | HOWARTH G S FRANCIS G L COOL J C | 1996 | J Nutr1996，126，： | 1 |
| 15 | A Neural Networks of Carrot Tip Classification 显示文摘 | Brandon J R Howarth M S Searcy S W | 1990 | ASAE Paper1990，，： | 1 |
| 16 | Application of a generated power transformation to geochemical data显示文摘 | Howarth R J Earle S A M | 1979 | Mathematical Geology1979，11，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Sulfate inhibition of molybdate assimilation by planktonic algae and bacteria: some implications for the aquatic nitrogen cycle 显示文摘 | Cole J J Howarth R W Nolan S S | 1986 | Biogeochem1986，2，： | 1 |
| 18 | A neural networks of carrot tip classification显示文摘 | Brandon J R Howarth M S Searcy S W | 1990 | Trans of the ASAE1990，7549，： | 1 |
| 19 | The serine acetyltransferase gene family in Arabidopsis thaliana and the regulation of its expression by casmium显示文摘 | HOWARTH J R DOMNGUEZ-SOLS J R GUTIERREZ-ALCALA G | 2003 | Plant Molecular Biology2003，51，： | 1 |
| 20 | Copper lethality to Rainbow Trout in waters of various hardness and Ph显示文摘 | HOWARTH R S SPRAGUE J B | 1978 | Water Res1978，12，： | 1 |
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