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| 1 | Arterial spin labeling in neuroimaging显示文摘Arterial spin labeling(ASL) is a magnetic resonance imaging technique for measuring tissue perfusion using a freely diffusible intrinsic tracer.As compared with other perfusion techniques,ASL offers several advantages and is now available for routine clinical practice in many institutions.Its noninvasive nature and ability to quantitatively measure tissue perfusion make ASL ideal for research and clinical studies.Recent technical advances have increased its sensitivity and also extended its potential applications.This review focuses on some basic knowledge of ASL perfusion,emerging techniques and clinical applications in neuroimaging. | Sasitorn Petcharunpaisan Joana Ramalho Mauricio Castillo | 2010 | World Journal of Radiology2010，2，10： | 23 |
| 2 | Oral purgative and simethicone before small bowel capsule endoscopy显示文摘AIM:To evaluate small bowel cleansing quality,diagnostic yield and transit time,comparing three cleansing protocols prior to capsule endoscopy.METHODS:Sixty patients were prospectively enrolled and randomized to one of the following cleansing protocols:patients in Group A underwent a 24 h liquid diet and overnight fasting;patients in Group B followed protocol A and subsequently were administered 2 L of polyethylene glycol(PEG) the evening before the procedure;patients in Group C followed protocol B and were additionally administered 100 mg of simethicone 30 min prior to capsule ingestion.Small bowel cleansing was independently assessed by two experienced endoscopists and classified as poor,fair,good or excellent according to the proportion of small bowel mucosa under perfect conditions for visualization.When there was no agreement between the two endoscopists,the images were reviewed and discussed until a consensus was reached.The preparation was considered acceptable if > 50% or adequate if > 75% of the mucosa was in perfect cleansing condition.The amount of bubbles was assessed independently and it was considered significant if it prevented a correct interpretation of the images.Positive endoscopic findings,gastric emptying time(GET) and small bowel transit time(SBTT) were recorded for each examination.RESULTS:There was a trend favoring Group B in achieving an acceptable(including fair,good or excellent) level of cleansing(Group A:65%;Group B:83.3%;Group C:68.4%) [P = not significant(NS)] and favoring Group C in attaining an excellent level of cleansing(Group A:10%;Group B:16.7%;Group C:21.1%)(P = NS).The number of patients with an adequate cleansing of the small bowel,corresponding to an excellent or good classification,was 5(25%) in Group A,5(27.8%) in Group B and 4(21.1%) in Group C(P = 0.892).Conversely,7 patients(35%) in Group A,3 patients(16.7%) in Group B and 6 patients(31.6%) in Group C were considered to have poor small bowel cleansing(P = 0.417),with significant fluid or debris such that the examination was unreliable.The proportion of patients with a significant amount of bubbles was 50% in Group A,27.8% in Group B and 15.8% in Group C(P = 0.065).This was significantly lower in Group C when compared to Group A(P = 0.026).The mean GET was 27.8 min for Group A,27.2 min for Group B and 40.7 min for Group C(P = 0.381).The mean SBTT was 256.4 min for Group A,256.1 min for Group B and 258.1 min for Group C(P = 0.998).Regarding to the rate of complete examinations,the capsule reached the cecum in 20 patients(100%) in Group A,16 patients(88.9%) in Group B and 17 patients(89.5%) in Group C(P = 0.312).A definite diagnosis based on relevant small bowel endoscopic lesions was established in 60% of the patients in Group A(12 patients),44.4% in Group B(8 patients) and 57.8% in Group C(11 patients)(P = 0.587).CONCLUSION:Preparation with 2 L of PEG before small bowel capsule endoscopy(SBCE) may improve small bowel cleansing and the quality of visualization.Simethicone may further reduce intraluminal bubbles.No significant differences were found regarding GET,SBTT and the proportion of complete exploration or diagnostic yield among the three different cleansing protocols. | Bruno Joel Ferreira Rosa Mara Barbosa Joana Magalhes Ana Rebelo Maria Joo Moreira José Cotter | 2013 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2013，5，2： | 21 |
| 3 | 洛赛克对胃十二指肠粘膜保护作用的机制再探显示文摘洛赛克对胃十二指肠粘膜保护作用的机制再探陈宝雯,JoanaH,林兆鑫,刘新光,胡伏莲,程自刚奥美拉唑(OemprazoleOme),商品名为洛赛克(Losec)其主要机制是抑制酸的分泌,本文作者在以往的试验中已证实Ome可增加胃粘膜血流(GMBF)[... | 陈宝雯 JOANA H 林兆鑫 刘新光 胡伏莲 程自刚 | 1996 | 中华消化杂志1996，16，1： | 19 |
| 4 | Endoscopic mucosal resection and endoscopic submucosal dissection in the treatment of sporadic nonampullary duodenal adenomatous polyps显示文摘Although uncommon, sporadic nonampullary duodenal adenomas have a growing detection due to the widespread of endoscopy. Endoscopic therapy is being increasingly used for these lesions, since surgery, considered the standard treatment, carries significant morbidity and mortality. However, the knowledge about its risks and benefits is limited, which contributes to the current absence of standardized recommendations. This review aims to discuss the efficacy and safety of endoscopic mucosal resection(EMR) and endoscopic submucosal dissection(ESD) in the treatment of these lesions. A literature review was performed, using the Pubmed database with the query: '(duodenum or duodenal)(endoscopy or endoscopic) adenoma resection', in the human species and in English. Of the 189 retrieved articles, and after reading their abstracts, 19 were selected due to their scientific interest. The analysis of their references, led to the inclusion of 23 more articles for their relevance in this subject. The increased use of EMR in the duodenum has shown good results with complete resection rates exceeding 80% and low complication risk(delayed bleeding in less than 12% of the procedures). Although rarely used in the duodenum, ESD achieves close to 100% complete resection rates, but is associated with perforation and bleeding risk in up to one third of the cases. Even though literature is insufficient to draw definitive conclusions, studies suggest that EMR and ESD are valid options for the treatment of nonampullary adenomas. Thus, strategies to improve these techniques, and consequently increase the effectiveness and safety of the resection of these lesions, should be developed. | Joana Marques Francisco Baldaque-Silva Pedro Pereira Urban Arnelo Naohisa Yahagi Guilherme Macedo | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2015，7，7： | 13 |
| 5 | Prostate cancer: the need for biomarkers and new therapeutic targets显示文摘研究目的:这篇综述系统地阐述了前列腺癌的发生、发展、相关分子信号通路以及分子标志物用于前列腺癌的临床诊断和前列腺癌诊治所面临的挑战。重要结论:许多分子信号通路通过影响细胞生长、凋亡、血管生成等病理生理过程而参与了前列腺癌的起始、发生和发展。这些研究基础有助于寻找前列腺癌的肿瘤标志物和改进前列腺癌的治疗。虽然去势治疗是早期前列腺癌治疗的金标准,但是晚期的激素抵抗型前列腺癌(CRPC)的治疗仍面临着巨大的挑战。所幸的是,目前研究发现可以通过切断特异的蛋白-蛋白相互作用或者通过调节某些影响肿瘤生长和转移的关键分子来治疗前列腺癌,能减少传统治疗所带来的副作用;相关临床研究已开始实施。这些研究进展给前列腺癌的诊治带来了新的曙光。 | Juliana FELGUEIRAS Joana Vieira SILVA Margarida FARDILHA | 2014 | Journal of Zhejiang University-Science B(Biomedicine & Biotechnology)2014，15，1： | 11 |
| 6 | Prognostic factors and time-related changes influence results of colorectal liver metastases surgical treatment:A single-center analysis显示文摘AIM:To analyze the prognostic factors involved in survival and cancer recurrence in patients undergoing surgical treatment for colorectal liver metastases(CLM) and to describe the effects of time-related changes on survival and recurrence in these patients.METHODS:From January 1994 to January 2006,236 patients with CLM underwent surgery with the aim of performing curative resection of neoplastic disease at our institution and 189(80%) of these patients underwent resection of CLM with curative intention.Preoperative,intraoperative and postoperative data,including primary tumor and CLM pathology results,were retrospectively reviewed.Patients were divided into two time periods:a first period from January 1994 to January 2000(n = 93),and a second period from February 2000 to January 2006(n = 143).RESULTS:Global survival at 1,3 and 5 years in patients undergoing hepatic resection was 91%,54% and 47%,respectively.Patients with preoperative extrahepatic disease,carcinoembryonic antigen(CEA) levels over 20 ng/dL,more than four nodules or extrahepatic invasion at pathological analysis had worse survival.Tumor recurrence rate at 1 year was 48.3%,being more frequent in patients with preoperative and pathological extrahepatic disease and CEA levels over 20 ng/dL.Although patients in the second time period had more adverse prognostic factors,no differences in overall survival and recurrence were observed between the two periods.CONCLUSION:Despite advances in surgical technique and better adjuvant treatments and preoperative imaging,careful patient staging and selection is crucial to continue offering a chance of cure to patients with CLM. | Josep Martí María Marta Modolo Josep Fuster Jaume Comas Rebeca Cosa Joana Ferrer Victor Molina Juan Romero Constantino Fondevila Ramón Charco Juan Carlos García-Valdecasas | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，21： | 9 |
| 7 | rtPA溶栓24 h内使用加味星蒌承气汤治疗急性脑梗死痰热腑实证的临床研究显示文摘目的观察重组组织型纤溶酶原激活剂(rtPA)溶栓24 h内使用加味星蒌承气汤治疗急性脑梗死痰热腑实证的临床效果。方法选取2014年8月—2019年6月上海中医药大学附属曙光医院收治的痰热腑实证急性脑梗死病人255例,均采用rtPA溶栓治疗,随机分为对照组(127例)和治疗组(128例)。对照组按照指南采用西医综合治疗,治疗组在对照组治疗的基础上在24 h内加服加味星蒌承气汤治疗10 d。两组分别于rtPA溶栓前、溶栓后10 d及随访90 d时进行美国国立卫生研究院卒中量表(NIHSS)评分,计算改良Rankin量表(mRS)评分0~2分内病人的百分比;观察两组病人溶栓后颅内出血以及随访90 d内再发脑梗死情况。结果与rtPA溶栓前比较,两组rtPA溶栓后10 d、随访90 d时NIHSS评分明显降低(P<0.05),mRS评分在0~2分内病人的百分比明显增加(P<0.05);治疗组随访90 d时NIHSS评分低于对照组(P<0.05),mRS评分在0~2内病人的百分比高于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗组再发脑梗死发生率明显低于对照组(9.09%与15.32%,P<0.05)。结论针对急性脑梗死痰热腑实证病人,rtPA溶栓后24 h内使用加味星蒌承气汤治疗,能够促进病人神经功能恢复,且安全性较好。 | 王骏 龚帆 Joana Schroder 李婷婷 潘卫东 | 2020 | 中西医结合心脑血管病杂志2020，18，17： | 9 |
| 8 | Clinical and pathological characterization of epstein-barr virus-associated gastric carcinomas in portugal显示文摘AIM To determine the prevalence of epstein-barr virus(eb V)-associated gastric carcinomas in the North Region of Portugal and to study its clinicopathological characteristics. METHODS We have performed a retrospective study including a total of 179 consecutive patients with gastric cancer(GC) submitted to gastrectomy during 2011 at the Portuguese Oncology Institute of Porto. Clinical and pathological data was collected from individual clinical records and inserted on a database with unique codification. Tumour tissues were collected from the institutional tumour bank. eb V was detected by in situ hybridization for the detection of eb V-encoded small RNAs(ebe Rs) and eb V latent proteins(LMP1 and LMP2 A) were detected by immunohistochemistry.RESULTS The analysis showed that eb V-associated gastric carcinomas(eb Va GC) represents 8.4%(15/179) of all GC cases, with a significant differential distribution among histological types(P < 0.001): 100%(3/3) of medullary carcinomas, 100%(1/1) of adenosquamous carcinoma, 8.7%(8/92) of tubular adenocarcinomas, 8.0%(2/25) of mixed carcinomas and 2%(1/51) in poorly cohesive carcinomas. The analysis revealed a higher predominance of eb Va GC in the upper third and middle(cardia, fundus and body) of the stomach(P = 0.041), a significant lower number of regional lymph nodes invasion(P = 0.025) and a tendency for better prognosis(P = 0.222). eb V latent protein expression revealed that all eb Va GC cases were LMP1-negative, nevertheless 6 cases(40%) expressed LPM2 A, which reveals that these cases show a distinct eb V-Latency profile(latency II-like).CONCLUSION eb Va GC represents 8.4% of all GC in the North Region of Portugal. The eb V-infected patients have specific clinic-pathological features that should be further explored to develop new strategies of management and treatment. | Joana Ribeiro Andreia Oliveira Mariana Malta Claudia Oliveira Fernanda Silva Ana Galaghar Luís Pedro Afonso Maria Cassiano Neves Rui Medeiros Pedro Pimentel-Nunes Hugo Sousa | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，40： | 9 |
| 9 | 不同嗓音样本对嗓音听感知评估的影响显示文摘目的 探讨不同声样对嗓音障碍听感知评估结果的影响 ,指导嗓音研究中语音材料的选择。方法 受试者为 6 0例嗓音障碍患者和 2 0名嗓音正常者。对所有受试者录制 3类声样 :话语声、完整长元音 α: 、平稳段长元音 α: 。所有声样随机排列 3次 ,共进行 9次评估 ( 3个声样× 3次 )。评估参数为日本言语语音学会制定的嗓音嘶哑评估标准GRBAS系统中的总嘶哑度 (G)、粗糙度 (R)、气息音 (S)。计算统计学上的Kappa系数值确定听评委评估结果的一致性。根据听评委对每一受试者评估的平均值比较 3类声样的差异性。结果 评委自身和评委之间评估结果的一致性好 ;评估参数以总嘶哑度 (G)的一致性和稳定性最好 ;不同声样类型对评委评估的一致性无影响。 3类声样的评估结果有高度的相关性 (P <0 .0 0 1) ;话语声与完整长元音 α : 对嗓音障碍的评估结果基本一致 ,平稳段长元音 α : 有过低评估嗓音障碍的倾向 ,且随着嗓音障碍程度的加重而更加明显。结论 平稳段长元音对嗓音障碍的评估程度过低 ,完整长元音与话语声对嗓音障碍的评估基本一致。建议嗓音障碍的听感知分析选择话语声作为嗓音材料 。 | 于萍 黄冬雁 Revis Joana Giovanni Antoine | 2004 | 听力学及言语疾病杂志2004，12，3： | 8 |
| 10 | Primary malignant melanoma of the esophagus:A case report显示文摘The authors present the clinical case of an 87-year-old Caucasian male admitted to the emergency room with hematemesis. He had a history of intermittent dys-phagia during the previous month. Endoscopic evaluation revealed an eccentric,soft esophageal lesionlocated 25-35 cm from the incisors,which appeared asa protrusion of the esophagus wall,with active bleeding. Biopsies were acquired. Tissue evaluation wascompatible with a melanoma. After excluding other sites of primary neoplasm,the definitive diagnosis of Primary Malignant Melanoma of the Esophagus(PMME) was made. The patient developed a hospital-acquired respiratory infection and died before tumor-directed treatment could begin. Primary malignant melanoma represents only 0.1% to 0.2% of all esophageal ma-lignant tumors. Risk factors for PMME are not defined.A higher incidence of PMME has been described in Japan. Dysphagia,predominantly for solids,is the most frequent symptom at presentation. Retrosternal orepigastric discom fort or pain,melena or hemate mesishave also been described. The characteristic endoscopic finding of PMME is as a polypoid lesion,with variablesize,usually pigmented. The neoplasm occurs in thelower two-thirds of the esophagus in 86% of cases.PMME metastasizes via hematogenic and lymphatic pathways. At diagnosis,50% of the patients present with distant metastases to the liver,the mediastinum,the lungs and the brain. When possible,surgery(curative or palliative) ,is the preferential method of treatment. There are some reports in the literature where chemotherapy,chemohormon otherapy,radiotherapy and immunotherapy,with or without surgery,wereused with variable efficacy. The prognosis is poor;themean survival after surgery is less than 15 mo. | Joana Machado Paula Ministro Ricardo Araújo Eugénia Cancela António Castanheira Américo Silva | 2011 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2011，17，42： | 6 |
| 11 | Left ventricular function assessment in cirrhosis:Currentmethods and future directions显示文摘Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy has been defined as a chronic cardiac dysfunction in patients with cirrhosis characterized by impaired contractile responsiveness to stress and/or altered diastolic relaxation with electrophysiological abnormalities in the absence of other known cardiac disease.Non-invasive cardiovascular imaging modalities play a major role in unmasking systolic and diastolic dysfunction in patients with cirrhosis.Echocardiography has been the most commonly used modality for assessing myocardial function in these patients.Conventional echocardiographic indices rely on several assumptions that may limit their applicability in patients with a hyperdynamic circulation.Newer imaging modalities may contribute to a more accurate diagnosis of cardiovascular abnormalities in cirrhotic patients,thereby influencing clinical management.We aimed to review the different non-invasive imaging technologies currently used for assessing left ventricular systolic and diastolic function in cirrhosis,as well as to describe new imaging modalities with potential clinical applicability in the near future. | Francisco Sampaio Joana Pimenta | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，1： | 6 |
| 12 | Carotid body tumours resection with ultrasound dissector显示文摘Carotid body tumour (CBT) is a rare neoplasm arising from paraganglion cells of the carotid body.1 Surgical resection of the CBT is considered the primary treatment option,and the only one which can allow a definitive cure.1-3 The resection is particularly difficult because the tumour is adherent to the carotid adventitia,is highly vascularized,often involves the cranial nerves,and is in a limited field for exposure,consequently,the intervention is associated with high morbidity due to risk of nervous injuries,stroke,was well as hemorrhage shock. | Joana Ferreira Alexandra Canedo Sandrina Braga Jogo Vasconcelos Ricardo Gouveia Victor Martins Pedro Brandāo António Vaz | 2013 | Chinese Medical Journal2013，，3： | 5 |
| 13 | Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy:Isn't stress evaluation alwaysrequired for the diagnosis?显示文摘AIM:To describe the proportion of patients with cirrhotic cardiomyopathy(CCM) evaluated by stress echocardiography and investigating its association with the severity of liver disease.METHODS:A cross-sectional study was conducted.Cirrhotic patients without risk factors for cardiovascular disease were included.Data regarding etiology and severity of liver disease(Child-Pugh score and model for end-stage liver disease),presence of ascites and gastroesophageal varices,pro-brain natriuretic peptide(proBNP) and corrected QT(QTc) interval were collected.Dobutamine stress echocardiography(conventional and tissue Doppler imaging) was performed.CCM was considered present when diastolic and/or systolic dysfunction was diagnosed at rest or after pharmacological stress.Therapy interfering with cardiovascular system was suspended 24 h before the examination.RESULTS:Twenty-six patients were analyzed,17(65.4%) Child-Pugh A,mean model for end-stage liver disease(MELD) score of 8.7.The global proportion of patients with CCM was 61.5%.At rest,only 2(7.7%)patients had diastolic dysfunction and none of the patients had systolic dysfunction.Dobutamine stress echocardiography revealed the presence of diastolic dysfunction in more 6(23.1%) patients and of systolic dysfunction in 10(38.5%) patients.QTc interval prolongation was observed in 68.8%of the patients and increased pro-BNP levels in 31.2%of them.There was no association between the presence of CCM and liver impairment assessed by Child-Pugh score or MELD(P= 0.775,P= 0.532,respectively).Patients with QTc interval prolongation had a significant higher rate of gastroesophageal varices comparing with those without QTc interval prolongation(95.0%vs 50.0%,P= 0.028).CONCLUSION:CCM is a frequent complication of cirrhosis that is independent of liver impairment.Stress evaluation should always be performed,otherwise it will remain an underdiagnosed condition. | mara barbosa joana guardado carla marinho bruno rosa isabel quelhas antónio lourenco josécotter | 2016 | World Journal of Hepatology2016，8，3： | 5 |
| 14 | Current role and future perspectives of cardiac rehabilitation in coronary heart disease显示文摘Ischaemic heart disease(IHD)is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide.While there have been major advances in this field,these patients are still a higher risk subgroup.As such,strategies to mitigate risk and tailor secondary prevention measures are of the utmost relevance.Cardiac rehabilitation(CR),encompassing several domains including exercise training,cardiovascular risk factor optimization,nutritional and psychological assessments,as well as other ancillary interventions has shown to be one of the pillars in the contemporary management of patients with IHD.Indeed,CR is associated with several benefits in this population,ranging from functional capacity to improvements in outcomes.Whilst this,there are still several issues concerning the optimal application of CR which are still not fully ascertained,such as lack of referral and completion,as well as questions related to programme design(particularly among patients with multiple comorbidities).In this review,we aim at presenting a pragmatic overview on the current role of CR in the management of individuals with IHD,while also discussing some of the caveats in the current data,as well as future concepts which could help improve the uptake and personalization of this pivotal time-tested intervention. | Eduardo M Vilela Ricardo Ladeiras-Lopes Ana Joao Joana Braga Susana Torres Sofia Viamonte José Ribeiro Madalena Teixeira José P Nunes Ricardo Fontes-Carvalho | 2021 | World Journal of Cardiology2021，13，12： | 5 |
| 15 | Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography for suspected choledocholithiasis: From guidelines to clinical practice显示文摘AIM: To study the practical applicability of the American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy guidelines in suspected cases of choledocholithiasis.METHODS: This was a retrospective single center study, covering a 4-year period, from January 2010 to December 2013. All patients who underwent endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) for suspected choledocholithiasis were included. Based on the presence or absence of predictors of choledocholithiasis(clinical ascending cholangitis, common bile duct(CBD) stones on ultrasonography(US), total bilirubin > 4 mg/d L, dilated CBD on US, total bilirubin 1.8-4 mg/d L, abnormal liver function test, age > 55 years and gallstone pancreatitis), patients were stratified in low, intermediate or high risk for choledocholithiasis. For each predictor and risk group we used the χ2 to evaluate the statistical associations with the presence of choledocolithiasis at ERCP. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 21.0. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant. RESULTS: A total of 268 ERCPs were performed for suspected choledocholithiasis. Except for gallstone pancreatitis(P = 0.063), all other predictors of cho-ledocholitiasis(clinical ascending cholangitis, P = 0.001; CBD stones on US, P ≤ 0.001; total bilirubin > 4 mg/dL, P = 0.035; total bilirubin 1.8-4 mg/dL, P = 0.001; dilated CBD on US, P ≤ 0.001; abnormal liver function test, P = 0.012; age > 55 years, P = 0.002) showed a statistically significant association with the presence of choledocholithiasis at ERCP. Approximately four fifths of patients in the high risk group(79.8%, 154/193 patients) had confirmed choledocholithiasis on ERCP, vs 34.2%(25/73 patients) and 0(0/2 patients) in the intermediate and low risk groups, respectively. The definition of 'high risk group' had a sensitivity of 86%, positive predictive value 79.8% and specificity 56.2% for the presence of choledocholithiasis at ERCP. CONCLUSION: The guidelines should be considered to optimize patients' selection for ERCP. For high risk patients specificity is still low, meaning that some patients perform ERCP unnecessarily. | Joana Magalhes Bruno Rosa José Cotter | 2015 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2015，7，2： | 5 |
| 16 | Upper gastrointestinal bleeding risk scores: Who, when andwhy?显示文摘Upper gastrointestinal bleeding(UGIB) remains a significant cause of hospital admission. In order to stratify patients according to the risk of the compli-cations, such as rebleeding or death, and to predict the need of clinical intervention, several risk scores have been proposed and their use consistently recommended by international guidelines. The use of risk scoring systems in early assessment of patients suffering from UGIB may be useful to distinguish high-risks patients, who may need clinical intervention and hospitalization, from low risk patients with a lower chance of developing complications, in which management as outpatients can be considered. Although several scores have been published and validated for predicting different outcomes, the most frequently cited ones are the Rockall score and the Glasgow Blatchford score(GBS). While Rockall score, which incorporates clinical and endoscopic variables, has been validated to predict mortality, the GBS, which is based on clinical and laboratorial parameters, has been studied to predict the need of clinical intervention. Despite the advantages previously reported, their use in clinical decisions is still limited. This review describes the different risk scores used in the UGIB setting, highlights the most important research, explains why and when their use may be helpful, reflects on the problems that remain unresolved and guides future research with practical impact. | Sara Monteiro Tiago Cúrdia Gonçalves Joana Magalhães JoséCotter | 2016 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Pathophysiology2016，7，1： | 5 |
| 17 | Hyperbaric oxygen therapy as a complementary treatment for radiation proctitis:Useless or useful?-A literature review显示文摘Radiotherapy(RT)is the backbone of multimodality treatment of more than half of cancer cases.Despite new modern RT techniques,late complications may occur such as radiation proctitis(RP).The natural history of RP is unpredictable.Minor symptoms may resolve spontaneously or require conservative treatment.On the other hand,for similar and uncomplicated clinical contexts,symptoms may persist and can even be refractory to the progressive increase in treatment measures.Over the last decades,an enormous therapeutic armamentarium has been considered in RP,including hyperbaric oxygen therapy(HBOT).Currently,the evidence regarding the impact of HBOT on RP and its benefits is conflicting.Additional prospective and randomised studies are necessary to validate HBOT’s effectiveness in the‘real world’clinical practice.This article reviewed the relevant literature on pathophysiology,clinical presentation,different classifications and discuss RP management including a proposal for a therapeutic algorithm with a focus on HBOT. | Diogo Alpuim Costa Carla Espiney Amaro Ana Nunes Joana Santos Cardoso Pedro Modas Daniel Isabel Rosa João Vieira Branco | 2021 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2021，27，27： | 4 |
| 18 | Property mapping of polycrystalline diamond coatings over large area显示文摘Large-area polycrystalline diamond(PCD)coatings are important for fields such as thermal management,optical windows,tribological moving mechanical assemblies,harsh chemical environments,biological sensors,etc.Microwave plasma chemical vapor deposition(MPCVD)is a standard technique to grow high-quality PCD films over large area due to the absence of contact between the reactive species and the filament or the chamber wall.However,the existence of temperature gradients during growth may compromise the desired uniformity of the final diamond coatings.In the present work,a thick PCD coating was deposited on a 100-mm silicon substrate inside a 915-MHz reactor;the temperature gradient resulted in a non-uniform diamond coating.An attempt was made to relate the local temperature variation during deposition and the different properties of the final coating.It was found that there was large instability inside the system,in terms of substrate temperature(as high asΔT=212℃),that resulted in a large dispersion of the diamond coating’s final properties:residual stress(-15.8 GPa to+6.2 GPa),surface morphology(octahedral pyramids with(111)planes to cubo-octahedrals with(100)flat top surfaces),thickness(190μm to 245μm),columnar growth of diamond(with appearance of variety of nanostructures),nucleation side hardness(17 GPa to 48 GPa),quality(Raman peak FWHM varying from 5.1 cm^(-1) to 12.4 cm^(-1) with occasional splitting).This random variation in properties over large-area PCD coating may hamper reproducible diamond growth for any meaningful technological application. | Awadesh Kumar MALLIK Sandip BYSAKH Monjoy SREEMANY Sudakshina ROY Jiten GHOSH Soumyendu ROY Joana Catarina MENDES Jose GRACIO Someswar DATTA | 2014 | Journal of Advanced Ceramics2014，3，1： | 4 |
| 19 | Finding the solution for incomplete small bowel capsule endoscopy显示文摘AIM:To evaluate whether the use of real time viewer(RTV)and administration of domperidone to patients with delayed gastric passage of the capsule could reduce the rate of incomplete examinations(IE)and improve the diagnostic yield of small bowel capsule endoscopy(SBCE).METHODS:Prospective single center interventional study,from June 2012 to February 2013.Capsule location was systematically checked one hour after ingestion using RTV.If it remained in the stomach,the patient received 10 mg domperidone per os and the location of the capsule was rechecked after 30 min.If the capsule remained in the stomach a second dose of10 mg of domperidone was administered orally.After another 30 min the position was rechecked and if the capsule remained in the stomach,it was passed into the duodenum by upper gastrointestinal(GI)endoscopy.The rate of IE and diagnostic yield of SBCE were compared with those of examinations performed before the use of RTV or domperidone in our Department(control group,January 2009-May 2012).RESULTS:Both groups were similar regarding age,sex,indication,inpatient status and surgical history.The control group included 307 patients,with 48(15.6%)IE.The RTV group included 82 patients,with3(3.7%)IE,P=0.003.In the control group,average gastric time was significantly longer in patients with IE than in patients with complete examination of the small bowel(77 min vs 26 min,P=0.003).In the RTV group,the capsule remained in the stomach one hour after ingestion in 14/82 patients(17.0%)vs 48/307(15.6%)in the control group,P=0.736.Domperidone did not significantly affect small bowel transit time(260min vs 297 min,P=0.229).The capsule detected positive findings in 39%of patients in the control group and 49%in the RTV group(P=0.081).CONCLUSION:The use of RTV and selective administration of domperidone to patients with delayed gastric passage of the capsule significantly reduces incomplete examinations,with no effect on small bowel transit time or diagnostic yield. | José Cotter Francisca Dias de Castro Joana Magalhes Maria Joo Moreira Bruno Rosa | 2013 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2013，5，12： | 4 |
| 20 | Coating independent cytotoxicity of citrate-and PEG-coated silver nanoparticles on a human hepatoma cell line显示文摘The antibacterial potential of silver nanoparticles(AgNPs) resulted in their increasing incorporation into consumer,industrial and biomedical products.Therefore,human and environmental exposure to AgNPs(either as an engineered product or a contaminant)supports the emergent research on the features conferring them different toxicity profiles.In this study,30 ran AgNPs coated with citrate or poly(ethylene glycol)(PEG) were used to assess the influence of coating on the effects produced on a human hepatoma cell line(HepG2),namely in terms of viability,apoptosis,apoptotic related genes,cell cycle and cyclins gene expression.Both types of coated AgNPs decreased cell proliferation and viability with a similar toxicity profile.At the concentrations used(11 and 5 μg/mL corresponding to IC50 and-IC10 levels,respectively) the amount of cells undergoing apoptosis was not significant and the apoptotic related genes BCL2(anti-apoptotic gene)and BAX(pro-apoptotic gene) were both downregulated.Moreover,both AgNPs affected HepG2 cell cycle progression at the higher concentration(11 μg/mL) by increasing the percentage of cells in S(synthesis phase) and G2(Gap 2 phase) phases.Considering the cell-cycle related genes,the expression of cyclin B1 and cyclin E1 genes were decreased.Thus,this work has shown that citrate- and PEG-coated AgNPs impact on HepG2 apoptotic gene expression,cell cycle dynamics and cyclin regulation in a similar way.More research is needed to determine the properties that confer AgNPs at lower toxicity,since their use has proved helpful in several industrial and biomedical contexts. | Veronica Bastos Jose M.P.Ferreira-de-Oliveira Joana Carrola Ana L.Daniel-da-Silva Iola F.Duarte Conceicao Santos Helena Oliveira | 2017 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2017，29，1： | 4 |
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