|
|
|
题名
|
作者
|
年代
|
出处
|
被引量
|
| 1 | GRADE指南:Ⅵ.证据质量评价--不精确性(随机误差)显示文摘GRADE建议通过检查95%可信区间(CI)为决定不精确性的最佳方法。在指南实际运用中,如果CI的上、下限值代表了真实效应,而临床实际情况与之不符时,必须降低证据质量级别(即对效应估计值的把握度)。除外当效应值很大且可信区间提示效应稳健,而总样本量不大且事件数很少的情况,其他应考虑因不精确性而降低证据质量级别。作此决定时,可计算有足够检验效能的单个试验所需的病例数(定义为'最优信息样本量',即optimal information size,OIS)。对连续型变量,我们建议用类似方法,首先考虑可信区间上、下限值,再计算OIS。系统评价(SR)所需方法略有不同。如果95%CI不包括相对危险度(RR)为1,且总事件发生数或病例数超过OIS标准,则精确性良好。如果95%CI包括了明显获益或危害(我们建议以RR值<0.75或>1.25作粗标准),即使达到OIS要求,因不精确性而降低证据质量级别较恰当。 | Gordon Guyatt Andrew D.Oxman Regina Kunz Jan Brozek Pablo Alonso-Coello David Rind PJ Devereaux Victor M.Montori Bo Freyschuss Gunn Vist Roman Jaeschke John W.Williams Jr. Mohammad Hassan Murad David Sinclairk Yngve Falck-Ytter Joerg Meerpohl Craig Whittington Kristian orlund Je Andrews Holger J.Schünemann 代表GRADE工作组 李幼平 王莉 陈尹 高霑 | 2011 | 中国循证医学杂志2011，11，12： | 43 |
| 2 | 显示文摘 | Kerted PJ John JC Peyman GA | 1998 | Br J Ophthalmol1998，82，10： | 1 |
| 3 | Augmentation index in resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH)显示文摘 | Owen PJ Chantterjee VK John R | 2009 | Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)2009，70，： | 1 |
| 4 | Impact of chronic lead exposure on selected biological markers显示文摘 | Jangid AP John PJ Yadav D | 2012 | Indian J Clin Biochem2012，27，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Vitamin C in disease prevention and cure : an overview显示文摘 | CHAMBIAL S DWIVEDI S SHUKLA KK JOHN PJ SHARMAP | 2013 | Indian J Clin Biochem2013，28，4： | 1 |
| 6 | Augmen- tation index in resistance to thyroid hormone (RTH) 显示文摘 | Owen PJ Chatterjee VK John R | 2009 | Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)2009，70，4： | 1 |
| 7 | Herpesvirus DNA is con- sistently detected in lungs of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibro- sis显示文摘 | Tang YW Johns on JE Browning PJ | 2003 | J Clin Microbio12003，41，6： | 1 |
| 8 | Suppression of in vitro cytotoxic response by macrophagesdue to induced aginase显示文摘 | John TK Suzanne BB James PJ | 1977 | J Exp Med1977，146，： | 1 |
| 9 | Ephrin A2 receptor targeting does not increase adenoviral pancreatic cancer transduction in vivo显示文摘AIM:To generate an adenoviral vector specifically targeting the EphA2 receptor(EphA2R) highly expressed on pancreatic cancer cells in vivo.METHODS:YSA,a small peptide ligand that binds the EphA2R with high affinity,was inserted into the HI loop of the adenovirus serotype 5 fiber knob.To further increase the specificity of this vector,binding sites for native adenoviral receptors,the coxsackie and adenovirus receptor(CAR) and integrin,were ablated from the viral capsid.The ablated retargeted adenoviral vector was produced on 293T cells.Specifi c targeting of this novel adenoviral vector to pancreatic cancer was investigated on established human pancreatic cancer cell lines.Upon demonstrating specifi c in vitro targeting,in vivo targeting to subcutaneous growing human pancreatic cancer was tested by intravenous and intraperitoneal administration of the ablated adenoviral vector.RESULTS:Ablation of native cellular binding sites reduced adenoviral transduction at least 100-fold.Insertion of the YSA peptide in the HI loop restored adenoviral transduction of EphA2R-expressing cells but not of cells lacking this receptor.YSA-mediated transduction was inhibited by addition of synthetic YSA peptide.The transduction specificity of the ablated retargeted vector towards human pancreatic cancer cells was enhanced almost 10-fold in vitro.In a subsequent in vivo study in a nude(nu/nu) mouse model however,no increased adenoviral targeting to subcutaneously growing human pancreas cancer nodules was seen upon injection into the tail vein,nor upon injection into the peritoneum.CONCLUSION:Targeting the EphA2 receptor increases specificity of adenoviral transduction of human pancreatic cancer cells in vitro but fails to enhance pancreatic cancer transduction in vivo. | Michael A van Geer Conny T Bakker Naoya Koizumi Hiroyuki Mizuguchi John G Wesseling Ronald PJ Oude Elferink Piter J Bosma | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，22： | 1 |
| 10 | An endoscopic approach to biliary complications following orthotopic liver transplantation显示文摘 | Thuluvath PJ Atassi T John L | 2003 | Liver Intern2003，23，： | 1 |
| 11 | Endocardial monophasiac action potential recording for the detection of myocardial ischemia in man:a study using atrial pacing stress and myocardial perfusion scintigraphy显示文摘 | John RM Taggart PJ Sutton PM | 1991 | Am Aeart J1991，，： | 1 |
| 12 | Controlled low temperature vacuum dehydration as an ahemative to freeze-drying of diced breadfruit显示文摘 | Narasimham P John PJ | 1995 | Journal of Food Engineering and Technology1995，32，4： | 1 |
| 13 | Chromatin accessibility pre-determines glucocorticoid receptor binding patterns显示文摘 | John S Sabo PJ Thurman RE | 2011 | Nature Genet2011，43，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Herpesvirus DNA is consistently detected in lungs of patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis显示文摘 | Tang YW Johns on JE Br owning PJ | 2003 | J Clin Microbiol2003，41，6： | 1 |
| 15 | Endocardial monopasic action potential recording for myocardial ischemia in man:a study using atrial pacing stress and myocardial perfusion scintigraphy显示文摘 | Taggart PJ Sutton PM | 1991 | Am Heart J1991，122，： | 1 |
| 16 | Impact of chronic lead expo- sure on selected biological markers显示文摘 | Jangid AP John PJ Yadav D | 2012 | Indian J Clin Biochem2012，27，1： | 1 |
| 17 | Steady state and dynamic mod- elling of nitrogen in the River Kennet : impacts of land use change since the1930s显示文摘 | Whitehead PG Johnes PJ Butterfield D | 2002 | The Science of the Total Environment2002，，： | 1 |
| 18 | Impact of chronic lead exposure on selected biological markers 显示文摘 | Jangid AP John PJ Yadav D | 2012 | Indian J Clin Bioehem2012，27，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Outcomes of patients with new-onset di- abets mellitus after liver transplantation compared with those without diabetes mellitus显示文摘 | John PR Thuluvath PJ | 2002 | Liver Transpl2002，8，8： | 1 |
| 20 | Biology of hepatocellular car- cinoma显示文摘 | Pang RW John JW Johnson PJ | 2008 | Ann Surg Oncol2008，15，4： | 1 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员