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| 1 | Feed- and feed additives-related aspects of gut health and development in weanling pigs显示文摘The development of new/different management and feeding strategies to stimulate gut development and health in newly-weaned pigs, in order to improve growth performance while minimizing the use of antimicrobial compounds such as antibiotic growth promotants (AGP) and heavy mineral compounds, is essential for the long-term sustainability of the pig industry. Factors including the sub-optimal intake of nutrients and energy, inappropriate microbiota biomass and (or) balance, immature and compromised immune function, and psychosomatic factors caused by weaning can compromise both the efficiency of digestion and absorption and intestinal barrier function through mucosal damage and alteration of tight junction integrity. As a consequence, pigs at weaning are highly susceptible to pathogenic enteric conditions such as post-weaning diarrhea that may be caused by serotypes of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli. Many dietary components, e.g., protein, fiber, feed additives and minerals, are known to influence microbial growth in the gastrointestinal tract that in turn can impact upon pig growth and health, although the relationships between these are sometimes not necessarily apparent or obvious. In a world climate of increased scrutiny over the use of antibiotics per se in pig production, certain feed additives are seen as alternatives/replacements to antibiotics, and have evolved in some cases to have important roles in everyday commercial pig nutrition. Nevertheless and in general, there remains inconsistency and variability in the efficacy of some feed additives and in cases of severe disease outbreaks, for example, therapeutic antibiotics and/or heavy minerals such as zinc oxide (ZnO) are generally relied upon. If feed ingredients and (or) feed additives are to be used with greater regularity and reliability, then it is necessary to better understand the mechanisms whereby antibiotics and minerals such as ZnO influence animal physiology, in conjunction with the use of appropriate challenge models and in vitro and in vivo techniques. | John R Pluske | 2013 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2013，4，2： | 11 |
| 2 | Acetylsalicylic acid supplementation improves protein utilization efficiency while vitamin E supplementation reduces markers of the inflammatory response in weaned pigs challenged with enterotoxigenic E.coli显示文摘Background: This experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that vitamin E(Vit E) and acetylsalicylic acid(ASA), a cyclooxygenase-2(COX-2) inhibitor, will additively reduce the production of the immunosuppressive molecule prostaglandin E_2(PGE_2) and hence reduce inflammatory responses in weaner pigs experimentally infected with an enterotoxigenic strain of E. coli.Methods: The experiment was conducted in a research facility with 192 individually-housed male weaner pigs(Landrace × Large White) weighing 6.6 ± 0.04 kg(mean ± SEM). The pigs were experimentally infected with an enterotoxigenic strain of E. coli and were allocated to a 2 × 3 factorial design with the respective factors being without and with 125 ppm ASA and three levels of Vit E supplementation(50, 100 or 200 IU/kg diet, dl-α-tocopheryl acetate).Results: Acetylsalicylic acid supplementation improved average daily gain(P < 0.05) and tended to improve feed:gain ratio(P < 0.10) during the first 14 d after weaning. Acetylsalicylic acid supplementation also improved(P < 0.001) amino acid utilization efficiency(as assessed by plasma urea level) and tended to decrease(P < 0.10) PGE_2 production in the liver without affecting smal intestinal histology and tight junction protein mR NA expression in the jejunal epithelium. Vitamin E supplementation greater than 100 IU/kg diet sustained both the plasma Vit E concentration(P < 0.001) and plasma haptoglobin content(P < 0.001) after weaning. However, there was no additive effects of the combined supplementation of ASA and Vit E on performance, intestinal barrier function and inflammatory responses of weaned pigs.Conclusions: Although ASA and vitamin E improved amino acid utilization efficiency and reduced acute inflammatory responses, ASA and vitamin E did not additively reduce production of PGE_2 and inflammatory responses in weaner pigs experimental y infected with an enterotoxigenic strain of E. coli. | Jae Cheol Kim Bruce P. Mullan John L. Black Robert J. E. Hewitt Robert J. van Barneveld John R. Pluske | 2017 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2017，8，1： | 2 |
| 3 | Factors influencing the structure and function of the small intestine in the weaned pig: a review显示文摘 | John R. Pluske David J. Hampson Ian H. Williams | 1997 | Livestock Production Science1997，，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Factors influencing the structure and function of the small intestine in the weaned pig: a review显示文摘 | John R. Pluske David J. Hampson Ian H. Williams | 1997 | Livestock Production Science1997，，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Nutritional influences on some major enteric bacterial diseases of pigs 显示文摘 | John R Pluske David W | 2002 | Nutrition Reasearch Reviews2002，，15： | 1 |
| 6 | Factors influ- encing the structure and function of the small in- testine in the weaned pig: a review 显示文摘 | John R Pluske David J Hampson | 1997 | Livestock Production Science1997，51，： | 1 |
| 7 | Factors influencing the structure and function of the small intestine in the weaned pigs a review显示文摘 | John R Pluske David J Hampson Jan H Williams | 1997 | Livestock Production Science1997，，51： | 1 |
| 8 | 矿物质的营养、代谢及其对现代猪生产性能和环境的影响(三)显示文摘4.2.1 镁 镁对骨骼肌有松弛作用(Hubbard,1973),可以通过在日粮中添加镁降低血浆中可的松、去甲肾上腺素、肾上腺素和多巴胺的浓度帮助缓解应激(Niernack等,1979;Kietzman和Hblonski,1985)。因此,已开展了日粮中添加镁降低应激和提高猪肉质量方面的试验研究。 | Bruce Mullan Aracely Hernandez Darryl D’Souza John Pluske | 2005 | 饲料与养殖2005，，12： | 0 |
| 9 | 矿物质的营养、代谢及其对现代猪生产性能和环境的影响(一)显示文摘全球的猪肉生产企业无论是在结构上还是在实际运作过程中都正在经历着快速的发展变化。当全球对猪肉的需求增加,尤其是发展中国家的生活水平不断得到改善时.这些市场间的竞争会更加激烈(Mullah和D’Souza,2005)。很多养殖生产者可能都很怀疑养殖业自身究竟有没有安全保障。虽然猪肉是全球消费最多肉类,但利润经常有很大的波动。提高生产效率、降低生产成本和满足消费者对肉食品的需求是养殖者保持盈利且切实可行的几个要素。 | Bruce Mullan Aracely Hernandez Darryl D'Souza John Pluske | 2005 | 饲料与养殖2005，，10： | 0 |
| 10 | 矿物质的营养、代谢及其对现代猪生产性能和环境的影响(二)显示文摘很明显我们对商业化生产条件下的现代基因型猪的需要没有足够的了解。VanLunen和Cole(1998)建议现代快速肥育猪生长所需的微量元素为20至30年前慢速生长猪的两倍。不幸的是,确定个体微量元素需要的研究很昂贵,而且也很复杂,不管是否考虑基因型和环境等因素的影响。 | Bruce Mullan Aracely Hernandez Darryl DSouza John Pluske | 2005 | 饲料与养殖2005，，11： | 0 |
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