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| 1 | Methods, units and quality requirements for the analysis of haemoglobin A_(1c) in diabetes mellitus显示文摘The formation of glycohemoglobin, especially the hemoglobin A1c(Hb_(A1c)) fraction, occurs when glucose becomes coupled with the amino acid valine in the β-chain of Hb; this reaction is dependent on the plasma concentration of glucose. Since the early 1970 s it has been known that diabetics display higher values of Hb_(A1c) because they have elevated blood glucose concentrations. Thus Hb_(A1c) has acquired a very important role in the treatment and diagnosis of diabetes mellitus. After the introduction of the first quantitative measurement of Hb_(A1c), numerous methods for glycohemoglobin have been introduced with different assay principles: From a simple minicolumn technique to the very accurate automated highpressure chromatography and lastly to many automated immunochemical or enzymatic assays. In early days, the results of the quality control reports for Hb_(A1c) varied extensively between laboratories, therefore in United States and Canada working groups(WG) of the Diabetes Controls and Complications Trial(DCCT) were set up to standardize the Hb_(A1c) assays against the DCCT/National Glycohemoglobin Standardization Program reference method based on liquid chromatography. In the 1990 s, the International Federation of Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory Medicine(IFCC) appointed a new WG to plan a reference preparation and method for the Hb_(A1c) measurement. When the reference procedureswere established, in 2004 IFCC recommended that all manufacturers for equipment used in Hb_(A1c) assays should calibrate their methods to their proposals. This led to an improvement in the coefficient of variation(CV%) associated with the assay. In this review, we describe the glycation of Hb, methods, standardization of the Hb_(A1c) assays, analytical problems, problems with the units in which Hb_(A1c) values are expressed, reference values, quality control aspects, target requirements for Hb_(A1c), and the relationship of the plasma glucose values to Hb_(A1c) concentrations. We also note that the acceptance of the mmol/mol system for Hb_(A1c) as recommended by IFCC, i.e., the new unit and reference ranges, are becoming only slowly accepted outside of Europe where it seems that expressing Hb_(A1c) values either only in per cent units or with parallel reporting of percent and mmol/mol will continue. We believe that these issues should be resolved in the future and that it would avoid confusion if mmol/mol unit for Hb_(A1c) were to gain worldwide acceptance. | Ilkka Penttil? Karri Penttil? P?ivi Holm Harri Laitinen P?ivi Ranta Jukka T?rr?nen Rainer Rauramaa | 2016 | World Journal of Methodology2016，6，2： | 3 |
| 2 | Torsion of Meckel's diverticulum as a cause of small bowel obstruction: A case report显示文摘Axial torsion and necrosis of Meckel's diverticulum causing simultaneous mechanical small bowel obstruc-tion are the rarest complications of this congenital anomaly. This kind of pathology has been reported only eleven times. Our case report presents this very unusual case of Meckel's diverticulum. A 41-year-old man presented at the emergency department with complaints of crampy abdominal pain, nausea and re-tention of stool and gases. Clinical diagnosis was small bowel obstruction. Because the origin of obstruction was unknown, computer tomography was indicated. Computed tomography(CT)-scan revealed dilated small bowel loops with multiple air-fluid levels; the oral con-trast medium had reached the jejunum and proximal parts of the ileum but not the distal small bowel loops or the large bowel; in the right mid-abdomen there was a 11 cm × 6.4 cm × 7.8 cm fluid containing cavity with thickened wall, which was considered a dilated bowel-loop or cyst or diverticulum. Initially the patient was treated conservatively. Because of persistent abdominal pain emergency laparotomy was indicated. Abdominal exploration revealed distended small bowel loops proxi-mal to the obstruction, and a large(12 cm × 14 cm) Meckel's diverticulum at the site of obstruction. Meckel's diverticulum was axially rotated by 720°, which caused small bowel obstruction and diverticular necrosis. About 20 cm of the small bowel with Meckel's diverticulum was resected. The postoperative course was uneventful and the patient was discharged on the fifth postopera-tive day. We recommend CT-scan as the most useful diagnostic tool in bowel obstruction of unknown origin. In cases of Meckel's diverticulum causing small bowel obstruction, prompt surgical treatment is indicated; de-lay in diagnosis and in adequate treatment may lead to bowel necrosis and peritonitis. | Marko Murruste Geidi Rajaste Karri Kase | 2014 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery2014，6，10： | 2 |
| 3 | Emissions predictive modeling by investigating various neural network models显示文摘 | YAP W K KARRI V | 2012 | Expert Systems with Applications2012，39，3： | 1 |
| 4 | Could co-op advertising be a manufacturer' s counterstrategy to store brands? 显示文摘 | Karry S Zaccour G | 2006 | Journal of Busi- ness Research2006，，59： | 1 |
| 5 | Advanced glycation end-products induce vascular dysfunction via resistance to nitric oxide and suppression of endothelial nitric oxide synthase显示文摘 | Aino Soro-Paavonen Wei-Zeng Zhang Kylie Venardos Melinda T Coughlan Emma Harris David CK Tong Daniella Brasacchio Karri Paavonen Jaye Chin-Dusting Mark E Cooper David Kaye Merlin C Thomas Josephine M Forbes | 2010 | Journal of Hypertension2010，，4： | 1 |
| 6 | Role of extracellular superoxide dismutase in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis显示文摘 | Russell PB Mike N Karrie W | 2002 | Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol2002，282，： | 1 |
| 7 | Multisensor data fusion:a review of the state-of-the-art显示文摘 | Khaleghi R Khamis A Karry F O | 2013 | Information Fusion2013，14，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Body mass index,waist circumference and waist-hip ratio on the risk of total and typespecific stroke显示文摘 | Gang H Jaakko T Karri S | 2007 | Arch Inter Med2007，167，13： | 1 |
| 9 | Education and ,Exposure to Ethics the Perception of Linkage between Organizational Ethical Behavior and Business Outcomes显示文摘 | Luthar H.K Karri R | | 0，，61： | 1 |
| 10 | Role of extracellularsuperoxide dismutase in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis 显示文摘 | RUSSELL PB MLKE N KARRI W | 2002 | Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol2002，282，： | 1 |
| 11 | Specific TNF-alpha inhibition in cerebral aneurysm formation and subarachnoid hem- orrhage 显示文摘 | Young AM Karri SK You W | 2012 | Curr Drug Saf2012，7，： | 1 |
| 12 | Intravenous bone marrow stromal cell therapy reduces apoptosis and promotes endogenous cell proliferation after stroke in female rat显示文摘 | Chen J Karry LY Katakowski M | 2003 | J Neurosci Res2003，73，6： | 1 |
| 13 | Simulating plastic surgery: From human skin tensile tests, through by perelastic finite element models to real-time haptics显示文摘 | LAPEER R J GASSON P D KARRI V | 2010 | Praq Biophys Mol Biol2010，103，23： | 1 |
| 14 | Combustion of ac- tivated aluminum 显示文摘 | Arno Hahma Alon Gany Karri Palovuori | 2006 | Combustion and Flame2006，145，： | 1 |
| 15 | Multisensor data fu- sion: A review of state-of-the-art 显示文摘 | Khaleghi B Khamis A Karry F O | 2011 | Information Fu- sion2011，，： | 1 |
| 16 | Test-ing of an automobile exhaust thermoelectric generator in a light truck显示文摘 | Thacher E F Helenbrook B T Karri M A | | 0，，01： | 1 |
| 17 | Testing of an automobile exhaust thermoelectric generator in a light truck 显示文摘 | Thacher E F Helenbrook B T Karri M A | 2007 | Journal of Automobile Engineer2007，221，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Dominantly inherited macular dystrophy with flecks(Stargardt)显示文摘 | Cibis GW Morey M Karris DJ | 1980 | Arch Ophthalmol1980，98，： | 1 |
| 19 | Complications of chronic pancreatitis prior to and following surgical treatment:A proposal for classification显示文摘BACKGROUND Chronic pancreatitis(CP)is a long-lasting disease frequently associated with complications for which there is no comprehensive pathophysiological classification.AIM The aims of this study were to:Propose a pathophysiological classification of the complications of CP;evaluate their prevalence in a surgical cohort prior to,and following surgical management;and assess the impact of the surgical treatment on the occurrence of new complications of CP during follow-up.We hypothesized that optimal surgical treatment can resolve existing complications and reduce the risk of new complications,with the exclusion of pancreatic insufficiency.The primary outcomes were prevalence of complications of CP at baseline(prior to surgical treatment)and occurrence of new complications during follow-up.METHODS After institutional review board approval,a prospective observational cohort study with long-term follow-up(up to 20.4 years)was conducted.All consecutive single-center adult patients(≥18 years of age)with CP according to the criteria of the American Pancreas Association subjected to surgical management between 1997 and 2021,were included.The prevalence of CP complications evaluated,according to the proposed classification,in a surgical cohort of 166 patients.Development of the pathophysiological classification was based on a literature review on the clinical presentation,course,and complications of CP,as well a review of previous classification systems of CP.RESULTS We distinguished four groups of complications:Pancreatic duct complications peripancreatic complications,pancreatic hemorrhages,and pancreatic insufficiency(exocrine and endocrine).Their baseline prevalence was 20.5%,23.5%,10.2%,31.3%,and 27.1%,respectively.Surgical treatment was highly effective in avoiding new complications in the first and third groups.In the group of peripancreatic complications,the 15-year Kaplan-Meier prevalence of new complications was 12.1%.The prevalence of pancreatic exocrine and endocrine insufficiency increased during follow-up,being 66.4%and 47.1%,respectively,at 15 years following surgery.Pancreatoduodenal resection resulted optimal results in avoiding new peripancreatic complications,but was associated with the highest rate of pancreatic exocrine insufficiency.CONCLUSION The proposed complication classification improves the understanding of CP.It could be beneficial for clinical decision making,as it provides an opportunity for more comprehensive judgement on patient’s needs on the one hand,and on the pros and cons of the treatment under consideration,on the other.The presence of complications of CP and the risk of development of new ones should be among the main determinants of surgical choice. | Marko Murruste Ülle Kirsimägi Karri Kase Tatjana Veršinina Peep Talving Urmas Lepner | 2022 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2022，10，22： | 1 |
| 20 | Exposure to Ethics Education and the Perception of Linkage between Organizational Ethical Behavior and Business Outcomes显示文摘 | Luthar H.K Karri R | | 0，，61： | 1 |
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