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| 1 | The roles of MAPKs in disease显示文摘印射响应许多 ligands 和房间刺激涉及大量的细胞的小径和功能的家族 ases transduce 信号。MAPK 的异常或不恰当的功能现在在从癌症到煽动性的疾病到肥胖和糖尿病的疾病被识别了。在许多房间类型, MAPK ERK1/2 被连接到细胞增殖。因为在地岬和 B-Raf 的变化,能激活 ERK1/2 串联,在许多人的肿瘤被发现, ERK1/2 被认为在一些癌症起一个作用。发信号的反常 ERK1/2 也在 polycystic 肾疾病被发现了,并且象 cardio-facio-cutaneous 症候群那样的严肃的发展混乱在 ERK1/2 串联的部件从变化产生。ERK1/2 在区分得好的房间是必要的并且在神经原并且在上皮的极性的维护被连接了到长期的 potentiation。另外, ERK1/2 为在胰腺的贝它房间的胰岛素基因抄写是重要的,它响应传播葡萄糖的增加生产胰岛素在有机体允许有效葡萄糖利用和存储。导致或镇压的营养素和荷尔蒙胰岛素分泌物以在贝它房间上反映能分泌的需求的一种方式激活或禁止 ERK1/2。在这和另外的规章的小径的骚乱可以导致对某些人的混乱的病原学的 ERK1/2 的贡献。 | Michael C Lawrence Arif Jivan Chunli Shao Lingling Duan Daryl Goad Elma Zaganjor Jihan Osborne Kathleen McGlynn Steve Stippec Svetlana Earnest Wei Chen Melanie H Cobb | 2008 | Cell Research2008，18，4： | 64 |
| 2 | 氮沉降的全球化:对于陆地生态系统的意义显示文摘人类活动产生的氮(N),包括农田氮肥施肥和矿物燃料燃烧过程中所固定的氮,其来源和分布正在迅速地扩展到全球范围。这部分氮进入到陆地生态系统中,将会促进植物的生长,并产生过量的氮,最终通过淋溶和痕量气体排放的形式,增加了氮的损失。在某种情况下,还会导致物种组成的变化和生态系统功能的衰减。但并非所有的生态系统都对氮沉降具有类似的响应。它们的响应情况,取决于氮沉降的连续性、生态系统的类型、生态系统对氮的需求或保持能力、土地利用的历史、土壤状况、地形条件、气候背景以及氮沉降的速度、时间和类型等因素。我们认为,起重要作用的是:一些对人类影响具有显著意义的条件、一些控制生态系统响应变化的因素以及一些由于资料缺乏而使不确定性增大的地方。 | Pamela Matson Kathleen A.Lohse Sharon J.Hall 闵庆文 | 2002 | AMBIO-人类环境杂志2002，31，2： | 71 |
| 3 | 针刺太冲穴得气及疼痛激发相对抗的脑功能网络效应fMRI研究显示文摘目的:采用磁共振脑功能成像技术,比较针刺太冲穴得气及针刺疼痛时所激发的脑功能网络效应异同。方法:47例初次接受针刺的志愿者参加手针右侧太冲穴fMRI实验。针刺时脑fMRI扫描10min,共2次捻针,各2min,间隔3min。其中17例接受体表触觉刺激作为针刺对照,分为3组:①针刺得气组;②针刺得气合并尖锐性疼痛组(简称针刺疼痛组);③触觉对照组。采用Fisher’s精确检验和t检验分析感觉频率及强度;用AFNI处理fMRI数据,得到激活、负激活脑区;用种子相关分析法,以前扣带回膝部为种子点,分析其与全脑的功能网络联系图谱,并比较得气与疼痛组之间的差异。结果:针刺2组的酸痛、酸感、压感、麻感、钝痛等得气感觉的频率和强度均明显强于触觉刺激组;针刺2组间除尖锐性疼痛及酸痛外,各种感觉差异无统计学意义。针刺得气及疼痛2组均激活了体感及丘脑岛叶皮层,重要的是,针刺得气时在大脑边缘叶-旁边缘叶-新皮层系统(LPNN)产生了较强而广泛的负激活区,加强了负激活区之间的脑功能网络联系。此网络包括杏仁核、海马、旁海马、颞极、前额叶腹内侧回、前扣带回膝及下部、前楔叶内侧回和后扣带回(BA31,23_腹侧核,29,30),另外,小脑蚓部、导水管周围灰质及脑干网状结构也见负激活现象。然而,在针刺疼痛时,这些脑区负激活程度减低且区域缩小,大部分脑区fMRI信号逆转为激活信号,被疼痛激活的脑区之间功能网络明显增强。这些脑区参与了疼痛、镇痛(如感觉、情感、认知、自主性、内源性镇痛)功能调制环路。结合既往研究表明,负激活与脑血氧消耗及血流量下降呈正相关。本结果支持针刺通过调制LPNN和疼痛中枢网络的活动,产生其镇痛、抗焦虑和其他调节效应的假说。结论:针刺得气及针刺得气伴随疼痛产生了相对抗的脑功能网络效应。针刺得气对LPNN及疼痛脑中枢网络(Pain matrix)的负激活效应,可能与针刺镇痛脑中枢机制相关。LPNN和静息态默认网络(Default mode)之间的相似性,提示针刺需通过这一内在脑功能网络系统发挥其广泛的调制作用。 | 方继良 Hui KS Kathleen Liu Jing Nixon Erika 周科华 王小玲 朱兵 | 2012 | 中国中西医结合影像学杂志2012，10，1： | 52 |
| 4 | Mechanisms of cancer metastasis to the bone显示文摘Some of the most common human cancers, including breast cancer, prostate cancer, and lung cancer, metastasize with avidity to bone. What is the basis for their preferential growth within the bone microenvironment? Bidirectional interactions between tumor cells and cells that make up bone result in a selective advantage for tumor growth and can lead to bone destruction or new bone matrix deposition. This review discusses our current understanding of the molecu- lar components and mechanisms that are responsible for those interactions. | Claire B. POLLOCK Kathleen KELLY | 2005 | Cell Research2005，15，1： | 50 |
| 5 | 减少急性冠状动脉综合征和卒中患者求医的延误——美国心脏协会心血管护理委员会和卒中委员会的科学声明显示文摘在寻求急性冠状动脉综合征和卒中症状的治疗方面,患者延误是限制提供这些疾病的确定性治疗的主要因素。尽管数十年来的研究和公众教育活动一直旨在缩短患者延误时间,但大多数患者仍然不能及时求医。在本科学声明中,我们总结了以下证据:(1)证明早期治疗的益处;(2)描述患者延误问题的程度;(3)确定与患者延误及时求医有关的因素;(4)揭示当前减少患者延误措施的不足。最后,提出临床实践和今后研究的建议。 | Debra K. Moser Laura P. Kimble Mark J. Alberts Angelo Alonzo Janet B. Croft Kathleen Dracup Kelly R. Evenson Alan S. Go Mary M. Hand Rashmi U. Kothari George A. Mensah Dexter L. Morris Arthur M. Pancioli Barbara Riegel Julie Johnson Zerwic 李宏建 曲东锋 | 2006 | 国际脑血管病杂志2006，14，10： | 39 |
| 6 | Multisciplinary management of patients with liver metastasis from colorectal cancer显示文摘Colorectal cancer(CRC) is one of the leading causes of cancer-related death. Surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy have been till now the main therapeutic strategies for disease control and improvement of the overall survival. Twenty-five per cent(25%) of CRC patients have clinically detectable liver metastases at the initial diagnosis and approximately 50% develop liver metastases during their disease course. Twentythirty per cent(20%-30%) are CRC patients with metastases confined to the liver. Some years ago various studies showed a curative potential for liver metastases resection. For this reason some authors proposed the conversion of unresectable liver metastases to resectable to achieve cure. Since those results were published, a lot of regimens have been studied for resectability potential. Better results could be obtained by the combination of chemotherapy with targeted drugs, such as anti-VEGF and antiEGFR monoclonal antibodies. However an accurate selection for patients to treat with these regimens and to operate for liver metastases is mandatory to reduce the risk of complications. A multidisciplinary team approach represents the best way for a proper patient management. The team needs to include surgeons, oncologists, diagnostic and interventional radiologists with expertise in hepatobiliary disease, molecular pathologists, and clinical nurse specialists. This review summarizes the most important findings on surgery and systemic treatment of CRC-related liver metastases. | Kathleen De Greef Christian Rolfo Antonio Russo Thiery Chapelle Giuseppe Bronte Francesco Passiglia Andreia Coelho Konstantinos Papadimitriou Marc Peeters | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，32： | 22 |
| 7 | Modern stalagmite oxygen isotopic composition and its implications of climatic change from a high-elevation cave in the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau over the past 50 years显示文摘An oxygen isotope record of a stalagmite from Huanglong Cave in the eastern Qinghai-Tibet Plateau dated with 230Th and 210Pb methods provides variations of the Asian monsoon with an average resolu-tion of 1 year over the past 50 years. This study shows that the δ18O of dripwater in the cave represents the annual mean δ18O of local meteoric precipitation and the stalagmites were deposited in isotopic equilibrium. A comparison of the stalagmite δ18O record with instrumentally meteorological data indi-cates that shifts of the δ18O are largely controlled by the amount effect of meteoric precipitation con-veyed through the southwest monsoon(the Indian monsoon) and less affected by temperature. Therefore,the variations of δ18O record reflect the changes in monsoon precipitation on inter-annual time scales under the influence of the southwest monsoon. Like many other stalagmite δ18O records in the Asian monsoon regions,the δ18O record of the stalagmite from Huanglong Cave also reveals a gradually enriched trend during the past 50 years,i.e. relatively enriched in 18O. This trend may indicate the decline of the Asian monsoon intensity which is consistent with the decrease of monsoon indices. The weakening of the modern Asian monsoon well matched with the temperature changes in strato-sphere,which may illustrate that the weakening of the monsoon mainly results from the lowering of solar radiation. | YANG XunLin ZHANG PingZhong CHEN FaHu HUH Chih-an LI HongChun CHENG Hai Kathleen R. JOHNSON LIU JingHua AN ChunLei | 2007 | Chinese Science Bulletin2007，52，9： | 20 |
| 8 | 黄土高原西缘在AD1875~2003期间石笋氧同位素记录的季风降水变化与海气系统的联系显示文摘基于黄土高原西部甘肃武都万象洞中一根石笋0~16mm之间的5个高精度230Th年代和103个δ18O数据,重建了亚洲季风边缘区过去100多年来高分辨率的季风降水变化历史.通过与武都器测降水数据对比发现,最近50多年来石笋氧同位素组成受降雨量效应的影响,指示了亚洲季风的强弱变化及其带来的降水量信息.近100多年来亚洲季风的变化历史可分为季风降水增强期(AD1875~1900)、季风降水减弱期(AD1901~1946)和季风降水再次增强期(AD1947~2003)3个气候段,而且这3个季风变化阶段与通过历史文献记载建立的旱涝指数变化相似.近100多年来万象洞石笋氧同位素记录的季风强度变化与太平洋年代际振荡(PDO)密切相关,年代际时间尺度上PDO暖(冷)相位与季风降水的减少(增加)对应;但在1977年之后出现了季风降水变化和PDO的反相位关系,很可能是北太平洋在1976/1977年前后发生的年代际气候跃变的反映.说明现代亚洲季风强度及季风降水变化通过海气相互作用与太平洋密切相关.这种关系将有助于亚洲季风区水循环的预测,而且可以利用洞穴观测数据来提高气候模型的预测能力。 | 刘敬华 张平中 程海 陈发虎 杨勋林 张德忠 周静 贾继红 安春雷 桑文翠 Kathleen R. Johnson | 2008 | 科学通报2008，53，22： | 20 |
| 9 | 近50a来青藏高原东部高海拔洞穴现代石笋氧同位素组成及其含义显示文摘基于210Pb和230Th两种定年方法,并结合黄龙洞石笋δ18O测试数据建立了青藏高原东部近半个世纪以来平均分辨率达到年际的亚洲季风变化序列.通过对黄龙洞石笋氧同位素体系的研究,表明现代洞穴滴水与洞穴周围大气降水的氧同位素具有一致性,石笋方解石与洞穴滴水是在同位素平衡分馏状态下沉积的.与器测数据对比分析发现,黄龙洞石笋δ18O的轻重变化主要受西南季风(印度季风)带来的降水量效应所控制,受温度的影响比较弱.石笋δ18O在短时间尺度上的轻重变化主要反映了季风降水δ18O的信息,指示了西南季风的年际变化.最近50a来,四川黄龙洞石笋的氧同位素组成具有逐渐变重的趋势,即逐渐变得相对富集18O,与亚洲季风区其他石笋δ18O具有相同的变化趋势,而且也与东亚、南亚季风指数所指示的季风减弱趋势相一致,与全球季风指数密切相关.这种亚洲季风的减弱趋势主要受太阳辐射变化的影响,并紧密地匹配于高空平流层的温度变化. | 杨勋林 张平中 陈发虎 扈治安 李红春 程海 Kathleen R.Johnson 刘敬华 安春雷 | 2007 | 科学通报2007，52，6： | 17 |
| 10 | 丹江口库区果茶场Ⅱ旧石器遗址发掘简报显示文摘丹江口库区果茶场Ⅱ旧石器遗址位于汉水上游左岸第三级阶地,海拔150-155m,2009年4-5月中国科学院古脊椎动物与古人类研究所对该遗址进行了发掘,揭露面积500m2,出土石制品132件。石制品类型有石锤、石核、石片、石器和断块,其中石器包括刮削器、砍砸器、手镐、手斧。剥片和加工石器的原料主要为磨圆度较高的河卵石,锤击法为主要的剥片技术,石核和石片的尺寸以中小型居多;石器中,砍砸器、手镐主要以砾石为毛坯直接加工,刮削器多采用小型石片毛坯进行加工,而手斧则以大石片为毛坯进行两面加工。遗址上部地层为强烈氧化的红色黏土层,含钙质结核和锰质薄膜;下部发育网纹红土。地层沉积物性质和地貌分析表明遗址年代大致为中更新世。 | 李浩 李超荣 Kathleen KUMAN | 2013 | 人类学学报2013，32，2： | 16 |
| 11 | Asian summer monsoon precipitation recorded by stalagmite oxygen isotopic composition in the western Loess Plateau during AD1875―2003 and its linkage with ocean-atmosphere system显示文摘Based on 5 high-precision 230Th dates and 103 stable oxygen isotope ratios (δ18O) obtained from the top 16 mm of a stalagmite collected from Wanxiang Cave,Wudu,Gansu,variation of monsoonal precipita-tion in the modern Asian Monsoon (AM) marginal zone over the past 100 years was reconstructed. Comparison of the speleothem δ18O record with instrumental precipitation data at Wudu in the past 50 years indicates a high parallelism between the two curves,suggesting that the speleothem δ18O is a good proxy for the AM strength and associated precipitation,controlled by 'amount effect' of the pre-cipitation. Variation of the monsoonal precipitation during the past 100 years can be divided into three stages,increasing from AD 1875 to 1900,then decreasing from AD 1901 to 1946,and increasing again thereafter. This variation is quite similar to that of the Drought/Flooding index archived from Chinese historical documents. This speleothem-derived AM record shows a close association with the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO) between AD 1875 and 1977,with higher monsoonal precipitation corre-sponding to cold PDO phase and vice versa at decadal timescale. The monsoonal precipitation varia-tion is out of phase with the PDO after AD 1977,probably resulting from the decadal climate jump in the north Pacific occurring at around AD 1976/77. These results demonstrate a strong linkage between the AM and associated precipitation and the Pacific Ocean via ocean/atmosphere interaction. This rela-tionship will aid to forecast future hydrological cycle for the AM monsoon region,and to improve forecasting potential of climatic model with observation data from cave. | LIU JingHua ZHANG PingZhong CHENG Hai CHEN FaHu YANG XunLin ZHANG DeZhong ZHOU Jing JIA JiHong AN ChunLei SANG WenCui Kathleen R. JOHNSON | 2008 | Chinese Science Bulletin2008，53，13： | 13 |
| 12 | 饮水微量元素与老年人群认知能力关系研究显示文摘在中国山东与河南两省农村研究了饮水中微量元素与老年人群认知能力 (CognitiveFunction)之间的关系。采用中国国标方法分析了饮水中氟、钙、硒、铝、铁、锌、镉、铅、砷微量元素和pH值 ;用老年性痴呆症 (Dementia)调查表 ,进行了≥ 6 5岁老年暴露人群认知能力的测定。调整年龄、性别和文化水平后 ,对微量元素与老年认知能力之间的关系进行直线模型、二次方模型和联合作用模型的统计分析 ,评价饮水中每种微量元素浓度对老年认知能力的影响。结果表明 ,单因素分析时发现几种微量元素对老年认知能力有明显作用。然而 ,在调整其它元素水平后 ,其中一些元素的作用消失。饮水中钙浓度对老年认知能力呈现一作用曲线 ,即随着饮水钙水平升高而认知能力增加 ;到某一点高峰后 ,又随钙水平增加而认知能力降低。而锌与镉之间存在一种相互作用 ,即在低饮水镉水平时 ,锌浓度与认知能力呈正相关 ,但在高饮水镉水平时 。 | 梁超轲 吉荣娣 曹静祥 姜玉亭 余波 马凤 吴云鹏 应波 张妍 孙淑庄 Li Yiming Christine L Emsley Gao Sujuan Kathleen S Hall Hugh C Hendrie | 2003 | 卫生研究2003，32，5： | 12 |
| 13 | 手针针刺合谷穴得气和疼痛相反的脑边缘叶效应fMRI研究1例显示文摘受试者,男,36岁,身体健康,参加手针针刺右侧合谷穴fMRI试验。
试验1:首先在右侧合谷穴体表实施触觉刺激作为针刺对照实验,采用标准5.88mm塑料细纤维(von Frey纤维,美国Stoeling公司生产),均匀柔和手动刺激穴位,频率60次/min,fMRI扫描和刺激间隔模式与针刺组相同。刺激后无明显疼痛及酸麻胀重感觉。试验2:针刺右侧合谷穴,完成扫描后,告知针刺只感觉到尖锐性疼痛,但能忍受,无酸麻胀重感觉。 | 方继良 Hui KS Kathleen Liu Jing Nixon Erika 周科华 王小玲 | 2012 | 中国中西医结合影像学杂志2012，10，2： | 12 |
| 14 | Nutrient Intakes of Pregnant Women and their Associated Factors in Eight Cities of China: A Cross-sectional Study显示文摘 | Fang-Li Liu Yu-Mei Zhang Gerard Vinyes Pares Kathleen C Reidy Wen-Zhi Zhao Ai Zhao Cheng Chen Celia Y Ning Ying-Dong Zheng Pei-Yu Wang | 2015 | Chinese Medical Journal2015，，13： | 12 |
| 15 | Gambogic Acid Induces Cell Apoptosis and Inhibits MAPK Pathway in PTEN^(-/-)/p53^(-/-) Prostate Cancer Cells In Vitro and Ex Vivo显示文摘Objective: To investigate the effect of gambogic acid(GA) on the growth and cell death of castrate resistant prostate cancer(PC) with phosphate and tension homology(PTEN) and p53 genes deleted in vitro and ex vivo, and elucidate the underlying possible molecular mechanisms. Methods: PTEN^(-/-)/p53^(-/-)PC cells and Los Angeles prostate cancer-4(LAPC-4) cells were treated with GA for 24 h and 48 h, then cell viability was determined by cell proliferation assay. PTEN^(-/-)/p53^(-/-)PC cells organoids number was calculated under GA treatment for 1 week. In addition, cell titer glo assay was performed to analyze 3 dimensional cell viability of patients derived xenografts(PDX) 170.2 organoids. Flow cytometry was used to detect apoptotic cells treated with GA. And confocal image was performed to detect the apoptotic mitochondrial morphological changes. Apoptotic cell death related protein levels were measured through Western blot(WB) in GA treated cells and organoids. The expression levels of mitogen-activated protein kinases(MAPKs) pathway related ribonucleic acid(RNAs) and proteins were analyzed by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) and WB, respectively. Results: The treatment of GA significantly reduced cell viability of PTEN^(-/-)/p53^(-/-)PC cells and LAPC-4 in a time-and concentration-dependent manner. In organoids, GA showed strong inhibition towards organoids' numbers and diameters and continuously led to a complete organoids inhibition with GA 150 nmol/L. Ex vivo results validated that GA 1 μmol/L inhibited 44.6% PDX170.2 organoids growth. As for mechanism, flow cytometry detected continuously increased apoptotic portion under GA treatment from 1.98% to 11.78%(6 h) and 29.94%(8 h, P<0.05). In addition, mitochondrial fragmentation emerged in GA treated cells indicated the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway might be involved. Furthermore, WB detected caspases-3,-9 activation and light chain(LC)-3 conversion with GA treatment. WB revealed decreased activity of MAPK pathway and down-regulation of downstream c-fos oncogene RNA level was detected by RT-PCR before undergoing apoptosis(P<0.05). Conclusion: GA was a potent anti-tumor compound as for PTEN-/-/p53-/-PC, which contributed to cell apoptosis via inhibition of the MAPK pathway and c-fos. | PAN Hong LU Li-yuan WANG Xue-qian LI Bin-xue Kathleen Kelly LIN Hong-sheng | 2018 | Chinese Journal of Integrative Medicine2018，24，2： | 10 |
| 16 | 对美涤克灵免水消毒洁手液消毒功效的研究显示文摘目的 测试美涤克灵免水消毒洁手液 (6 0 %酒精凝胶 ,简称美涤克灵 )在医疗环境中的抗菌效果 ;评估美涤克灵在反复多次使用后的安全性。方法 对美涤克灵与普通洁手液和杀菌性洁手液的抗菌活性进行了比较 ;实验的设计和方法是遵照美国医护人员手部消毒标准步骤而完成的 ;手部皮肤对各种实验液体经 2 5次连续使用后的反应由皮肤病专家进行鉴定。结果 美涤克灵在标准的洗手过程中杀菌效果为最好 ,其次是杀菌性洁手液 ,再次是普通洁手液 ;美涤克灵和实验中使用的其他两种洁手液均未造成对手部皮肤的不良反应。结论 对于医护人员来说 ,无论是从杀菌效果、使用的便宜性或对手部皮肤的保护性来看 ,美涤克灵都是最理想的医用消毒洁手液 ;我们的实验结果显示美涤克灵也应是普通人群在居家、旅游、工作和上学等日常生活中的理想保健用品 ,因为该产品杀菌效果强、极宜使用 。 | Kathleen Sanders 张子明 关立农 | 2003 | 中华医院感染学杂志2003，13，10： | 10 |
| 17 | 中国竹林可持续经营认证的必要性和可行性研究显示文摘通过文献研究、野外调查和专家研讨和咨询等研究方法,从中国竹林经营现状和世界森林可持续经营认证(简称森林认证)发展趋势入手,对中国开展竹林可持续经营认证的必要性和可行性进行了研究。结果表明,竹林快速生长和更新特性使竹林具有一定的可持续经营性,同时,中国现有的竹林经营技术实践在一定程度上满足了可持续经营的要求。但是,中国有较大面积的人工经营天然次生竹林,长期高强度集约经营对整个竹林生态系统的复杂性和完整性也造成了很大影响,由此引发了很多集约经营的生产性竹林水土流失、地力下降、生物多样性丧失、严重病虫害频发等生态问题,威胁着竹林可持续经营。根据我们的研究,按照目前森林认证发展趋势,竹林可持续经营认证作为促进竹林可持续经营的市场激励手段之一,是值得研究和尝试的。在中国开展绩效性的竹林可持续经营认证,不但有利于中国竹产品在国际贸易中克服绿色贸易壁垒,保持竞争优势,也有利于引导和促进中国竹林的可持续经营实践。总体上竹林认证是必要的。但在可行性方面面临一些问题和挑战。鉴于竹林本身的生物学和生态学特性、竹林经营的技术特点、竹林产品为非木质林产品的特殊性以及我国较为普遍的分户经营特点,可开展小范围试点研究,解决如何开展中小农户的联合认证问题和认证成本过高的问题,同时确保中小农户的利益和竹产品的公平贸易,为进一步的推广行动提供技术支持。在研究和推进竹林可持续经营认证的过程中,要充分考虑与中国现有竹林经营的行业标准和经营实践相衔接和适应。除了要充分利用国内外现有森林认证的理论、技术和经验,还必须充分与竹产业的生产、教学和研究人员进行磋商,充分利用现有竹业经营和开发的经验和技术。以期通过可持续经营认证,保护中国竹产品的国际贸易竞争力,同时积极引导和促进中国竹林可持续经营实践的发展和行业标准的制定。 | 楼一平 李艳霞 Kathleen Buckingham | 2008 | 竹子研究汇刊2008，27，3： | 9 |
| 18 | Systematic review of nutrition screening and assessment in inflammatory bowel disease显示文摘BACKGROUND Malnutrition is prevalent in inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Multiple nutrition screening (NST) and assessment tools (NAT) have been developed for general populations, but the evidence in patients with IBD remains unclear. AIM To systematically review the prevalence of abnormalities on NSTs and NATs, whether NSTs are associated with NATs, and whether they predict clinical outcomes in patients with IBD. METHODS Comprehensive searches performed in Medline, CINAHL Plus and PubMed. Included: English language studies correlating NSTs with NATs or NSTs/NATs with clinical outcomes in IBD. Excluded: Review articles/case studies;use of body mass index/laboratory values as sole NST/NAT;age<16. RESULTS Of 16 studies and 1618 patients were included, 72% Crohn’s disease and 28% ulcerative colitis. Four NSTs (the Malnutrition Universal Screening Tool, Malnutrition Inflammation Risk Tool (MIRT), Saskatchewan Inflammatory Bowel Disease Nutrition Risk Tool (SaskIBD-NRT) and Nutrition Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002) were significantly associated with nutritional assessment measures of sarcopenia and the Subjective Global Assessment (SGA). Three NSTs (MIRT, NRS-2002 and Nutritional Risk Index) were associated with clinical outcomes including hospitalizations, need for surgery, disease flares, and length of stay (LOS). Sarcopenia was the most commonly evaluated NAT associated with outcomes including the need for surgery and post-operative complications. The SGA was not associated with clinical outcomes aside from LOS. CONCLUSION There is limited evidence correlating NSTs, NATs and clinical outcomes in IBD. Although studies support the association of NSTs/NATs with relevant outcomes, the heterogeneity calls for further studies before an optimal tool can be recommended. The NRS-2002, measures of sarcopenia and developments of novel NSTs/NATs, such as the MIRT, represent key, clinically-relevant areas for future exploration. | Suqing Li Michael Ney Tannaz Eslamparast Ben Vandermeer Kathleen P Ismond Karen Kroeker Brendan Halloran Maitreyi Raman Puneeta Tandon | 2019 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2019，25，28： | 9 |
| 19 | Estimation and Projection of the HIV Epidemic Trend among the Migrant Population in China显示文摘Objective The migrant population is a vulnerable group for HIV infection in China.Understanding potential epidemic trends among migrants is critical for developing HIV preventative measures in this population.Methods The Estimation and Projection Package (EPP) model was used to process prefecture and county-level surveillance data to generate HIV prevalence and epidemic trends for migrant populations in China.Results The prevalence of HIV among migrants in 2009 was estimated at 0.075% (95% CI:0.042%,0.108%) in China.The HIV epidemic among migrants is likely to increase over the next 5 years,with the prevalence expected to reach 0.110% (95% CI:0.070%,0.150%) by 2015.Conclusion Although the 2009 estimates for the HIV/AIDS epidemic in China indicate a slower rate of increase compared with the national HIV/AIDS epidemic,it is estimated to persistently increase among migrants over the next 5 years.Migrants will have a strong impact on the overall future of the HIV epidemic trend in China and evidence-based prevention and monitoring efforts should be expanded for this vulnerable population. | MENGXiaoJun WANG Lu Susan CHAN Kathleen Heather REILLY PENG ZhiHang GUO Wei DING GuoWei DING ZhengWei QIN QianQian | 2011 | Biomedical and Environmental Sciences2011，24，4： | 8 |
| 20 | Probiotic metabolites from Bacillus coagulans GanedenBC30^(TM) support maturation of antigen-presenting cells in vitro显示文摘AIM:To study the effects of probiotic metabolites on maturation stage of antigen-presenting immune cells.METHODS:Ganeden Bacillus coagulans 30(GBC30) bacterial cultures in log phase were used to isolate the secreted metabolite(MET) fraction.A second fraction was made to generate a crude cell-wall-enriched fraction,by centrifugation and lysis,followed by washing.A preparation of MET was subjected to size exclusion centrifugation,generating three fractions:< 3 kDa,3-30 kDa,and 30-200 kDa and activities were tested in comparison to crude MET and cell wall in primary cultures of human peripheral blood mononuclear cell(PBMC) as a source of antigen-presenting mononuclear phagocytes.The maturation status of mononuclear phagocytes was evaluated by staining with monoclonal antibodies towards CD14,CD16,CD80 and CD86 and analyzed by flow cytometry.RESULTS:Treatment of PBMC with MET supported maturation of mononuclear phagocytes toward both macrophage and dendritic cell phenotypes.The biological activity unique to the metabolites included a reduction of CD14+ CD16+ pro-inflammatory cells,and this property was associated with the high molecular weight metabolite fraction.Changes were also seen for the dendritic cell maturation markers CD80 and CD86.On CD14dim cells,an increase in both CD80 and CD86 expression was seen,in contrast to a selective increase in CD86 expression on CD14bright cells.The co-expression of CD80 and CD86 indicates effective antigen presentation to T cells and support of T helper cell differentiation.The selective expression of CD86 in the absence of CD80 points to a role in generating T regulatory cells.CONCLUSION:The data show that a primary mechanism of action of GBC30 metabolites involves support of more mature phenotypes of antigen-presenting cells,important for immunological decision-making. | Kathleen F Benson Kimberlee A Redman Steve G Carter David Keller Sean Farmer John R Endres Gitte S Jensen | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，16： | 8 |
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