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| 1 | Common bile duct stones on multidetector computed tomography:Attenuation patterns and detectability显示文摘AIM:To investigate the attenuation patterns and detectability of common bile duct(CBD) stones by multidetector computed tomography(MDCT).METHODS:Between March 2010 and February 2012,191 patients with suspicion of CBD stones undergoing both MDCT and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) were enrolled and reviewed retrospectively.The attenuation patterns of CBD stones on MDCT were classified as heavily calcified,radiopaque,less radiopaque,or undetectable.The association between the attenuation patterns of CBD stones on MDCT and stone type consisting of pure cholesterol,mixed cholesterol,brown pigment,and black pigment and the factors related to the detectability of CBD stones by MDCT were evaluated.RESULTS:MDCT showed CBD stones in 111 of 130 patients in whom the CBD stones were demonstrated by ERCP with 85.4% sensitivity.The attenuation patterns of CBD stones on MDCT were heavily calcified 34(26%),radiopaque 31(24%),less radiopaque 46(35%),and undetectable 19(15%).The radiopacity of CBD stones differed significantly according to stone type(P < 0.001).From the receiver operating characteristic curve,stone size was useful for the determination of CBD stone by MDCT(area under curve 0.779,P < 0.001) and appropriate cut-off stone size on MDCT was 5 mm.The factors related to detectability of CBD stones on MDCT were age,stone type,and stone size on multivariate analysis(P < 0.05).CONCLUSION:The radiopacity of CBD stones on MDCT differed according to stone type.Stone type and stone size were related to the detectability by MDCT,and appropriate cut-off stone size was 5 mm. | Chang Whan Kim Jae Hyuck Chang Yeon Soo Lim Tae Ho Kim In Seok Lee Sok Won Han | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，11： | 24 |
| 2 | Review of MXenes as new nanomaterials for energy storage/delivery and selected environmental applications显示文摘Energy and environmental issues presently attract a great deal of scientific attention. Recently, two-dimensional MXenes and MXene-based nanomaterials have attracted increasing interest because of their unique properties (e.g., remarkable safety, a very large interlayer spacing, environmental flexibility, a large surface area, and thermal conductivity). In 2011, multilayered MXenes (Ti3C2Tx, a new family of two-dimensional (2D) materials) produced by etching an A layer from a MAX phase of Ti3AlC2, were first described by researchers at Drexel University. The term “MXene” was coined to distinguish this new family of 2D materials from graphene, and applies to both the original MAX phases and MXenes fabricated from them. We present a comprehensive review of recent studies on energy and environmental applications of MXene and MXene-based nanomaterials, including energy conversion and storage, adsorption, membrane, photocatalysis, and antimicrobial. Future research needs are discussed briefly with current challenges that must be overcome before we completely understand the extraordinary properties of MXene and MXene-based nanomaterials. | Byung-Moon Jun Sewoon Kim Jiyong Heo Chang Min Park Namguk Her Min Jang Yi Huang Jonghun Han Yeomin Yoon | 2019 | Nano Research2019，12，3： | 18 |
| 3 | Recurrence after endoscopic piecemeal mucosal resection for large sessile colorectal polyps显示文摘AIM: To evaluate the safety and outcomes of endoscopic piecemeal mucosal resection (EPMR) for large sessile colorectal polyps. METHODS: The patients enrolled in this study were 47 patients with 50 large sessile polyps (diameter, 2 cm or greater) who underwent EPMR using a submucosal saline injection technique between December 2002 and October 2005. All medical records, including characteristics of the patients and polyps, complications, and recurrences, were retrospectively reviewed. The first follow-up endoscopic examination was performed at 3-6 mo after initial endoscopic resection, and the second at 12 mo postEPMR. Subsequent surveillance colonoscopic examinations were individualized, taking risk factors into account. RESULTS: The patients were 23 men and 24 women,with a mean age of 60 years. Mean polyp size was 30.1 mm. Of 50 polyps identified, 34 (68%) were benign and 16 (32%) were malignant. There were 6 (12%) cases with EPMR-related bleeding: 5 intra-procedural and 1 early post-procedural bleeding. All bleeding episodes were managed by endoscopic clipping or argon beam coagulation. There were no perforations. Recurrence was identified in 5 cases (12.2%): 4 local recurrences detected at 3 mo post-EPMR and 1 local recurrence detected at 14 mo post-EPMR. The recurrence rate after EPMR was 3.1% for benign polyps and 33.3% for malignant polyps (P < 0.05). Median follow-up time was 37 mo. CONCLUSION: EPMR is safe, but should be applied carefully in malignant polyps. Close follow-up endoscopic examinations are necessary for early detection of recurrence. | Guh Jung Seo Dae Kyung Sohn Kyung Su Han Chang Won Hong Byung Chang Kim Ji Won Park Hyo Seong Choi Hee Jin Chang Jae Hwan Oh | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，22： | 17 |
| 4 | Prevalence of clonorchiasis in patients with gastrointestinal disease: A Korean nationwide multicenter survey显示文摘AIM: To investigate prevalence of Clonorchis sinensis in patients with gastrointestinal symptoms, and the relation of the infection to hepatobiliary diseases in 26 hospitals in Korea.METHODS: Consecutive patients who had been admitted to the Division of Gastroenterology with gastrointestinal symptoms were enrolled from March to April 2005. Of those who had been diagnosed with clonorchiasis, epidemiology and correlation between infection and hepatobiliary diseases were surveyed by questionnaire.RESULTS: Of 3080 patients with gastrointestinal diseases, 396 (12.9%) had clonorchiasis and 1140 patients (37.2%) had a history of eating raw freshwater fish. Of those with a history of raw freshwater fish ingestion, 238 (20.9%) patients had clonorchiasis. Cholangiocarcinoma was more prevalent in C. sinensis-infected patients than non-infected patients [34/396 (8.6%) vs 145/2684 (5.4%), P = 0.015]. Cholangiocarcinoma and clonorchiasis showed statistically significant positive cross-relation (P = 0.008). Choledocholithiasis, cholecystolithiasis, cholangitis, hepatocellular carcinoma, and biliary pancreatitis did not correlate with clonorchiasis.CONCLUSION: Infection rate of clonorchiasis was still high in patients with gastrointestinal diseases in Korea, and has not decreased very much during the last two decades. Cholangiocarcinoma was related to clonorchiasis, which suggested an etiological role for the parasite. | Ho Gak Kim Jimin Han Myung-Hwan Kim Kyu Hyun Cho Im Hee Shin Gwang Ha Kim Jae Seon Kim Jin Bong Kim Tae Nyeun Kim Tae Hyeon Kim Tae Hyo Kim Jae Woo Kim Ji Kon Ryu Young-Soo Moon Jong Ho Moon Sung Jae Park Chan Guk Park Sung-Jo Bang Chang Heon Yang Kyo-Sang Yoo Byung Moo Yoo Kyu Taek Lee Dong Ki Lee Byung Seok Lee Sang Soo Lee Seung Ok Lee Woo Jin Lee Chang Min Cho Young-Eun Joo Gab Jin Cheon Young Woo Choi Jae Bok Chung Yong Bum Yoon | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，1： | 15 |
| 5 | Clinical significance of CT-defined minimal ascites in patients with gastric cancer显示文摘AIM: To study the clinical significance of minimal ascites,which was only defined by the CT and whose nature was not determined preoperatively, in the relationship with the peritoneal carcinomatosis.METHODS: The medical records and the dynamic CT films of 118 patients with gastric cancer were reviewed.Factors associated with peritoneal carcinomatosis were analyzed in 40 patients who had CT-defined ascites of which the nature was surgically confirmed.RESULTS: Only 12.5-25% of the CT-defined minimal ascites, whose volume was estimated to be less than 50 mL, were associated with peritoneal carcinomatosis.When the estimated CT-defined ascitic volume was 50 mL or more, peritoneal carcinomatosis was identified in 75-100%. When CT-defined lymph node enlargements were not found beyond the regional gastric area,perigastricinvasions were not suspected, and the size of tumor was less than 3 cm, peritoneal carcinomatosis seemed significantly less accompanied at the univariate analysis. However, except for the minimal volume of CTdefined ascites in comparison with the mild or more,other factors were not confirmed multivariately.CONCLUSION: In the patients with gastric cancer, CTdefined minimal ascites alone is rarely associated with peritoneal carcinomatosis, if it does not accompany other signs suggestive of malignant seeding. Therefore,consideration of active curative resection should not be hesitated, if CT-defined minimal ascites is the only delusive sign. | Dong Kyung Chang Ji Won Kim Byung Kwan Kim Kook Lae Lee Chi Sung Song Joon Koo Han In Sung Song | 2005 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2005，11，42： | 14 |
| 6 | Surgical outcome of pancreatic cancer using radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy procedure显示文摘AIM:To evaluate the surgical outcomes following radical antegrade modular pancreatosplenectomy (RAMPS) for pancreatic cancer. METHODS:Twenty-four patients underwent RAMPS with curative intent between January 2005 and June 2009 at the National Cancer Center, South Korea. Clinicopathologic data, including age, sex, operative findings, pathologic results, adjuvant therapy, postop-erative clinical course and follow-up data were retro-spectively collected and analyzed for this study. RESULTS:Twenty-one patients (87.5%) underwent distal pancreatectomy and 3 patients (12.5%) underwent total pancreatectomy using RAMPS. Nine patients (37.5%) underwent combined vessel resection, including 8 superior mesenteric-portal vein resections and 1 celiac axis resection. Two patients (8.3%) underwent combined resection of other organs, including the colon, stomach or duodenum. Negative tangential margins were achieved in 22 patients (91.7%). The mean tumor diameter for all patients was 4.09 ± 2.15 cm. The 2 patients with positive margins had a mean diameter of 7.25 cm. The mean number of retrieved lymph nodes was 20.92 ± 11.24 and the node positivity rate was 70.8%. The median survival of the 24 patients was 18.23 ± 6.02 mo. Patients with negative margins had a median survival of 21.80 ± 5.30 mo and those with positive margins had a median survival of 6.47 mo (P = 0.021). Nine patients (37.5%) had postoperative complications, but there were no postoperative mortalities. Pancreatic fistula occurred in 4 patients (16.7%):2 patients had a grade A fistula and 2 had a grade B fistula. On univariate analysis, histologic grade, positive tangential margin, pancreatic fistula and adjuvant therapy were significant prognostic factors for survival. CONCLUSION:RAMPS is a feasible procedure for achieving negative tangential margins in patients with carcinoma of the body and tail of the pancreas. | Ye Rim Chang Sung-Sik Han Sang-Jae Park Seung Duk Lee Tae Suk Yoo Young-Kyu Kim Tae Hyun Kim Sang Myung Woo Woo Jin Lee Eun Kyung Hong | 2012 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2012，18，39： | 9 |
| 7 | Randomized controlled trial of sodium phosphate tablets vs polyethylene glycol solution for colonoscopy bowel cleansing显示文摘AIM:To compare efficacy,patient compliance,acceptability,satisfaction,safety,and adenoma detection rate of sodium phosphate tablets(NaP,CLICOLONTM)to a standard 4 L polyethylene glycol(PEG)solution for bowel cleansing for adults undergoing colonoscopy.METHODS:In this multicenter,randomized,prospective,investigator-blind study,the relatively young(19-60years)healthy outpatients without comorbidity were randomly assigned to one of two arms.All colonoscopy were scheduled in the morning.The NaP group was asked to take 4 tablets,5 times the evening before and4 tablets,3 times early on the morning of the colonoscopy.The PEG group was asked to ingest 2 L of solution the evening before and 2 L early in the morning of the procedure.Adequacy of bowel preparation was scored using the Boston bowel preparation scale.RESULTS:No significant differences were observed between the NaP group(n=158)and PEG group(n=162)in bowel cleansing quality(adequate preparation93.0%vs 92.6%,P=0.877),patient compliance(P=0.228),overall adverse events(63.3%vs 69.1%,P=0.269),or adenoma detection rate(34.8%vs 35.2%,P=0.944).Patient acceptability,satisfaction,and patient rating of taste were higher in the NaP group than in the PEG group(P<0.001).CONCLUSION:NaP tablets,compared with PEG solution,produced equivalent colon cleansing,did not cause more side effects,and had better patient acceptability and satisfaction in the relatively young(age<60years)healthy individuals without comorbidity.An oral tablet formulation could make bowel preparation less burdensome,resulting in greater patient participation in screening programs. | Yoon Suk Jung Chang Kyun Lee Hyo Jong Kim Chang Soo Eun Dong Soo Han Dong Ⅱ Park | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，42： | 9 |
| 8 | Non-surgical treatment of post-surgical bile duct injury: Clinical implications and outcomes显示文摘AIM:To investigate the prognostic factors determining the success rate of non-surgical treatment in the management of post-operative bile duct injuries(BDIs).METHODS:The study patients were enrolled from the pancreatobiliary units of a tertiary teaching hospital for the treatment of BDIs after hepatobiliary tract surgeries,excluding operations for liver transplantation andmalignancies,from January 1999 to August 2010.A total of 5167 patients underwent operations,and 77patients had BDIs following surgery.The primary end point was the treatment success rate according to different types of BDIs sustained using endoscopic or percutaneous hepatic approaches.The type of BDI was defined using one of the following diagnostic tools:endoscopic retrograde cholangiography,percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography,computed tomography scan,and magnetic resonance cholangiography.Patients with a final diagnosis of BDI underwent endoscopic and/or percutaneous interventions for the treatment of bile leak and/or stricture if clinically indicated.Patient consent was obtained,and study approval was granted by the Institutional Review Board in accordance with the legal regulations of the Human Clinical Research Center at the Seoul National University Hospital in Seoul,South Korea.RESULTS:A total of 77 patients were enrolled in the study.They were divided into three groups according to type of BDI.Among them,55 patients(71%)underwent cholecystectomy.Thirty-six patients(47%)had bile leak only(type 1),31 patients had biliary stricture only(type 2),and 10 patients had both bile leak and biliary stricture(type 3).Their initial treatment modalities were non-surgical.The success rate of non-surgical treatment in each group was as follows:BDI type 1:94%;type 2:71%;and type 3:30%.Clinical parameters such as demographic factors,primary disease,operation method,type of operation,non-surgical treatment modalities,endoscopic procedure steps,type of BDI,time to diagnosis and treatment duration were evaluated to evaluate the prognostic factors affecting the success rate.The type of BDI was a statistically significant prognostic factor in determining the success rate of non-surgical treatment.In addition,a shorter time to diagnosis of BDI after the operation correlated significantly with higher success rates in the treatment of type 1 BDIs.CONCLUSION:Endoscopic or percutaneous hepatic approaches can be used as an initial treatment in type1 and 2 BDIs.However,surgical intervention is a treatment of choice in type 3 BDI. | Young Ook Eum Joo Kyung Park Jaeyoung Chun Sang-Hyub Lee Ji Kon Ryu Yong-Tae Kim Yong-Bum Yoon Chang Jin Yoon Ho-Seong Han Jin-Hyeok Hwang | 2014 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2014，20，22： | 7 |
| 9 | Low skeletal muscle mass is associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in Korean adults: the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey显示文摘BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) share similar pathophysiological mechanisms, and the relationship between sarcopenia and NAFLD has been recently investigated. The study investigated whether low skeletal muscle mass is differentially associated with NAFLD by gender in Korean adults.METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional analysis of the data from the Fifth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The skeletal muscle index(SMI) was obtained by the appendicular skeletal muscle mass divided by the weight. NAFLD was defined as a fatty liver index(FLI) ≥60 in the absence of other chronic liver disease.RESULTS: Among the included subjects, 18.3%(SE: 1.4%) in men and 7.0%(SE: 0.7%) in women were classified as having FLI-defined NAFLD. Most of the risk factors for FLI-defined NAFLD showed a significant negative correlation with the SMI in both genders. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that low SMI was associated with FLI-defined NAFLD, independent of other metabolic and lifestyle parameters in both genders [males: odds ratio(OR)=1.35; 95% confidence interval(CI): 1.17-1.54; females: OR=1.36; 95% CI: 1.18-1.55]. The magnitude of the association between FLI-defined NAFLD and low SMI was higher in middle aged to elderly males(OR=1.50; 95% CI: 1.22-1.84) than in males less than 45 years of age(OR=1.25; 95% CI: 1.02-1.52) and in premenopausal females(OR=1.50; 95% CI: 1.12-2.03) than in postmenopausal females(OR=1.36; 95% CI: 1.20-1.54).CONCLUSIONS: Low SMI is associated with the risk of FLIdefined NAFLD independent of other well-known metabolic risk factors in both genders. This association may differ according to age group or menopausal status. Further studies are warranted to confirm this relationship. | hee yeon kim chang wook kim chung-hwa park jong young choi kyungdo han anwar t merchant yong-moon park | 2016 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2016，15，1： | 7 |
| 10 | PD-1 blockade-unresponsive human tumor-infiltrating CD8^(+)T cells are marked by loss of CD28 expression and rescued by IL-15显示文摘Blockade of programmed death-1(PD-1)reinvigorates exhausted CD8^(+)T cells,resulting in tumor regression in cancer patients.Recently,reinvigoration of exhausted CD8^(+)T cells following PD-1 blockade was shown to be CD28-dependent in mouse models.Herein,we examined the role of CD28 in anti-PD-1 antibody-induced human T cell reinvigoration using tumor-infiltrating CD8^(+)T cells(CD8^(+)TILs)obtained from non-small-cell lung cancer patients.Single-cell analysis demonstrated a distinct expression pattern of CD28 between mouse and human CD8^(+)TILs.Furthermore,we found that human CD28^(+)CD8^(+)but not CD28^(–)CD8^(+)TILs responded to PD-1 blockade irrespective of B7/CD28 blockade,indicating that CD28 costimulation in human CD8^(+)TILs is dispensable for PD-1 blockade-induced reinvigoration and that loss of CD28 expression serves as a marker of anti-PD-1 antibody-unresponsive CD8^(+)TILs.Transcriptionally and phenotypically,PD-1 blockade-unresponsive human CD28^(–)PD-1^(+)CD8^(+)TILs exhibited characteristics of terminally exhausted CD8^(+)T cells with low TCF1 expression.Notably,CD28^(–)PD-1^(+)CD8^(+)TILs had preserved machinery to respond to IL-15,and IL-15 treatment enhanced the proliferation of CD28^(–)PD-1^(+)CD8^(+)TILs as well as CD28^(+)PD-1^(+)CD8^(+)TILs.Taken together,these results show that loss of CD28 expression is a marker of PD-1 blockade-unresponsive human CD8^(+)TILs with a TCF1–signature and provide mechanistic insights into combining IL-15 with anti-PD-1 antibodies. | Kyung Hwan Kim Hong Kwan Kim Hyung-Don Kim Chang Gon Kim Hoyoung Lee Ji Won Han Seong Jin Choi Seongju Jeong Minwoo Jeon Hyunglae Kim Jiae Koh Bo Mi Ku Su-Hyung Park Myung-Ju Ahn Eui-Cheol Shin | 2021 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2021，18，2： | 6 |
| 11 | Assessment of scoring systems for acute-on-chronic liver failure at predicting short-term mortality in patients with alcoholic hepatitis显示文摘AIM To assess the performance of proposed scores specific for acute-on-chronic liver failure in predicting shortterm mortality among patients with alcoholic hepatitis.METHODS We retrospectively collected data from 264 patients with clinically diagnosed alcoholic hepatitis from January to December 2013 at 21 academic hospitals in Korea. The performance for predicting short-term mortality was calculated for Chronic Liver FailureSequential Organ Failure Assessment(CLIF-SOFA), CLIF Consortium Organ Failure score(CLIF-C OFs), Maddrey'sdiscriminant function(DF), age, bilirubin, international normalized ratio and creatinine score(ABIC), Glasgow Alcoholic Hepatitis Score(GAHS), model for end-stage liver disease(MELD), and MELD-Na.RESULTS Of 264 patients, 32(12%) patients died within 28 d. The area under receiver operating characteristic curve of CLIF-SOFA, CLIF-C OFs, DF, ABIC, GAHS, MELD, and MELD-Na was 0.86(0.81-0.90), 0.89(0.84-0.92), 0.79(0.74-0.84), 0.78(0.72-0.83), 0.81(0.76-0.86), 0.83(0.78-0.88), and 0.83(0.78-0.88), respectively, for 28-d mortality. The performance of CLIF-SOFA had no statistically significant differences for 28-d mortality. The performance of CLIF-C OFs was superior to that of DF, ABIC, and GAHS, while comparable to that of MELD and MELD-Na in predicting 28-d mortality. A CLIF-SOFA score of 8 had 78.1% sensitivity and 79.7% specificity, and CLIF-C OFs of 10 had 68.8% sensitivity and 91.4% specificity for predicting 28-d mortality.CONCLUSION CLIF-SOFA and CLIF-C OF scores performed well, with comparable predictive ability for short-term mortality compared to the commonly used scoring systems in patients with alcoholic hepatitis. | Hee Yeon Kim Chang Wook Kim Tae Yeob Kim Do Seon Song Dong Hyun Sinn Eileen L Yoon Young Kul Jung Ki Tae Suk Sang Soo Lee Chang Hyeong Lee Tae Hun Kim Jeong Han Kim Hyung Joon Yim Sung Eun Kim Soon Koo Baik Byung Seok Lee Jae Young Jang Young Seok Kim Sang Gyune Kim Jin Mo Yang Joo Hyun Sohn Heon Ju Lee Seung Ha Park Eun Hee Choi Dong Joon Kim Korean Acute-on-Chronic Liver Failure Study Group | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，41： | 5 |
| 12 | AMPK-associated signaling to bridge the gap between fuel metabolism and hepatocyte viability显示文摘The adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) and p70 ribosomal S6 kinase-1 pathway may serve as a key signaling flow that regulates energy metabolism; thus, this pathway becomes an attractive target for the treatment of liver diseases that result from metabolic derangements. In addition, AMPK emerges as a kinase that controls the redox-state and mitochondrial function, whose activity may be modulated by antioxidants. A close link exists between fuel metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis. The relationship between fuel metabolism and cell survival strongly implies the existence of a shared signaling network, by which hepatocytes respond to challenges of external stimuli. The AMPK pathway may belong to this network. A series of drugs and therapeutic candidates enable hepatocytes to protect mitochondria from radical stress and increase cell viability, which may be associated with the activation of AMPK, liver kinase B1, and other molecules or components. Consequently, the components downstream of AMPK may contribute to stabilizing mitochondrial membrane potential for hepatocyte survival. In this review, we discuss the role of the AMPK pathway in hepatic energy metabolism and hepatocyte viability. This information may help identify ways to prevent and/or treat hepatic diseases caused by the metabolic syndrome. Moreover, clinical drugs and experimental therapeutic candidates that directly or indirectly modulate the AMPK pathway in distinct manners are discussed here with particular emphasis on their effects on fuel metabolism and mitochondrial function. | Yoon Mee Yang Chang Yeob Han Yoon Jun Kim Sang Geon Kim | 2010 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2010，16，30： | 4 |
| 13 | Antimicrobial effect of alexidine and chlorhexidine against Enterococcus faecalis infection显示文摘A previous study demonstrated that alexidine has greater affinity for the major virulence factors of bacteria than chlorhexidine. The aim of this study was to compare the antimicrobial activity of 1% alexidine with that of 2% chlorhexidine using Enterococcus faecalis.infected dentin blocks. Sixty bovine dentin blocks were prepared and randomly divided into six groups of 10 each. E. faecalis was inoculated on 60 dentin blocks using the Luppens apparatus for 24 h and then the dentin blocks were soaked in 2% chlorhexidine or 1% alexidine solutions for 5 and 10 min, respectively. Sterile saline was used as a control. The antimicrobial efficacy was assessed by counting the number of bacteria adhering to the dentin surface and observing the degradation of bacterial shape or membrane rupture under a scanning electron microscope. Significantly fewer bacteria were observed in the 2% chlorhexidine- or 1% alexidine-soaked groups than in the control group (P^O.05). However, there was no significant difference in the number of bacteria adhering to the dentinal surface between the two experimental groups or between the two soaking time groups (P>0.05). Ruptured or antiseptic-attached bacteria were more frequently observed in the lO-min-soaked chlorhexidine and alexidine groups than in the 5-min-soaked chlorhexidine and alexidine groups. In conclusion, lO-min soaking with 1% alexidine or 2% chlorhexidine can be effective against E. faecalis infection. | Hyun-Shik Kim Seok Woo Chang Seung-Ho Baek Seung Hyun Han Yoon Lee Qiang Zhu Kee-Yeon Kum | 2013 | International Journal of Oral Science2013，5，1： | 4 |
| 14 | Endoscopic characteristics of gastric adenomas suggesting carcinomatous transformation显示文摘 | Min Kyu Jung Seong Woo Jeon Soo Young Park Chang Min Cho Won Young Tak Young Oh Kweon Sung Kook Kim Yong Hwan Choi Han Ik Bae | 2008 | Surgical Endoscopy2008，，12： | 3 |
| 15 | Nitric oxide synthase 2 gene polymorphisms are associated with prostatic volume in Korean men with benign prostatic hyperplasia显示文摘良性的 prostatic 增生(BPH ) 的精确原因论仍然保持不清楚;然而,它被知道煽动性的过程有的那免疫学的在 BPH 开始和前进的致病的一个角色。氮的氧化物 synthase 2 (NOS2 ) 可诱导的表示密切与 prostatic 疾病被相关,包括前列腺癌症和 BPH。这研究的目的是调查在 NOS2 多型性和 BPH 之间的关系。与 205 控制和 229 个 BPH 题目的一个队,我们 genotyped 在 NOS2 基因的三单个核苷酸多型性( SNP ),包括 rs2779248 (倡导者,? 278 T/C ), rs10459953 ( 5 鈥? untranslated 区域)和 rs2297518 ( exon 16 ,错误感觉, Ser608Leu ),用直接定序和限制碎片长度多型性。在控制和 BPH 题目之间的 genotypic 和突变而产生之遗传的频率被比较,并且在 BPH 题目之中的协会被分析。SNPStats, SNPAnalyzer 和 HelixTree 计划被用来分析 SNP。在控制和 BPH 题目之间的 SNP 上没有协会。当 BPH 题目被分析时,在低、高的前列腺特定的抗原组之间的 SNP 上没有协会。然而,一 SNP (rs10459953,机会比率[或]= 0.44, 95% 信心间隔[CI ]= 0.29 鈥 ?.65, P < 0.0001,在 codominant 当模特儿;或 = 0.23, 95% CI = 0.12 鈥 ?.46, P < 0.0001,在里面主导的模型;并且或 = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.24 鈥 ?.86, P = 0.015,在后退的模型) 在 BPH 与 prostatic 体积被联系。我们在 BPH 与小、大的 prostatic 体积在在题目之间的 NOS2 SNP (rs10459953 ) 的遗传型频率检测了一个强壮的协会。结果建议 NOS2 可以在 BPH 与 prostatic 体积被联系。 | Koo Han Yoo Su Kang Kim Joo-Ho Chung Sung-Goo Chang | 2010 | Asian Journal of Andrology2010，12，5： | 3 |
| 16 | NLRP3 inflammasome activation determines the fibrogenic potential of PM_(2.5) air pollution particles in the lung显示文摘Airborne fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))is known to cause respiratory inflammation such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung fibrosis.NLRP3 inflammasome activation has been implicated in these diseases;however,due to the complexity in PM_(2.5)compositions,it is difficult to differentiate the roles of the components in triggering this pathway.We collected eight real-life PM_(2.5)samples for a comparative analysis of their effects on NLRP3 inflammasome activation and lung fibrosis.In vitro assays showed that although the PM_(2.5)particles did not induce significant cytotoxicity at the dose range of 12.5to 100μg/m L,they induced potent TNF-αand IL-1βproduction in PMA differentiated THP-1 human macrophages and TGF-β1 production in BEAS-2B human bronchial epithelial cells.At the dose of 100μg/m L,PM_(2.5)induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation by inducing lysosomal damage and cathepsin B release,leading to IL-1βproduction.This was confirmed by using NLRP3-and ASC-deficient cells as well as a cathepsin B inhibitor,ca-074 ME.Administration of PM_(2.5)via oropharyngeal aspiration at 2 mg/kg induced significant TGF-β1 production in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and collagen deposition in the lung at 21days post-exposure,suggesting PM_(2.5)has the potential to induce pulmonary fibrosis.The ranking of in vitro IL-1βproduction correlates well with the in vivo total cell count,TGF-β1 production,and collagen deposition.In summary,we demonstrate that the PM_(2.5)is capable of inducing NLRP3 inflammasome activation,which triggers a series of cellular responses in the lung to induce fibrosis. | Wei Cao Xiang Wang Jiulong Li Ming Yan Chong Hyun Chang Joshua Kim Jinhong Jiang Yu-Pei Liao Shannon Tseng Sydney Kusumoputro Candice Lau Marissa Huang Pengli Han Pengju Lu Tian Xia | 2022 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2022，34，1： | 3 |
| 17 | Risk factors for tuberculosis after gastrectomy in gastric cancer显示文摘AIM: To examine incidence of tuberculosis(TB) in gastrectomy patients and investigate the risk factors for developing TB after gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer.METHODS: A retrospective cohort study of gastrectomy patients with gastric cancer was performed at a university-affiliated hospital in Seoul, South Korea between January 2007 and December 2009. We reviewed patient medical records and collected data associated with the risk of TB, surgery, and gastric cancer. Standardized incidence ratios(SIRs) of TB were calculated to compare the incidence of TB in gastrectomy patients with that in the general Korean population, and risk factors for TB after gastrectomies were analyzed.RESULTS: Among the 1776 gastrectomy patients, 0.9%(16/1776) developed post-gastrectomy TB, with an incidence of 223.7 cases per 100000 patients per year. The overall incidence of TB in gastrectomy patients, adjusted by sex and age, was significantly higher thanthat in the general population(SIR = 2.22, 95%CI: 1.27-3.60). Previous TB infection [odds ratio(OR) = 7.1, P < 0.001], lower body mass index(BMI)(kg/m2; OR = 1.21, P = 0.043) and gastrectomy extent(total gastrectomy vs subtotal gastrectomy)(OR = 3.48, P = 0.017) were significant risk factors for TB after gastrectomy in a multivariate analysis.CONCLUSION: TB incidence after gastrectomy is higher than that in the general population. Previous TB infection, lower BMI, and total gastrectomy are risk factors for TB after gastrectomy in patients with gastric cancer. | Won Jai Jung Young Mok Park Joo Han Song Kyung Soo Chung Song Yee Kim Eun Young Kim Ji Ye Jung Moo Suk Park Young Sam Kim Se Kyu Kim Joon Chang Sung Hoon Noh Ji Yeong An Young Ae Kang | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，8： | 3 |
| 18 | Colonic Mucosal Immune Activity in Irritable Bowel Syndrome: Comparison with Healthy Controls and Patients with Ulcerative Colitis显示文摘 | Ji Yong Ahn Kyung Hun Lee Chang Hwan Choi Ju Wan Kim Hyun Woong Lee Jeong Wook Kim Mi Kyung Kim Gui Young Kwon Seungbong Han Seong-Eun Kim Sung Min Kim Sae Kyung Chang | 2014 | Digestive Diseases and Sciences2014，，5： | 3 |
| 19 | Effect of tellurium on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Fe-14Cr oxide-dispersion-strengthened steels produced by additive manufacturing显示文摘Conventionally,Te has primarily been used to improve the machinability of steel and its alloys.In this work,Te was used to refine the grains of an oxide-dispersion-strengthened(ODS)steel produced by additive manufacturing(AM)with fixed processing parameters.Addition of Te to the raw powder produced an ODS steel with a fine-grained microstructure,in contrast to the ODS steel manufactured without Te.Moreover,the addition of Te resulted in superior yield strength and ultimate tensile strength,which was attributed to the combined effects of grain refinement and the finer nanoparticles(NPs)composed of Terich composite NPs and Cr-rich NPs.For the first time,the AM technique was used to obtain grain and nanoparticle sizes of~3.4μm and 6 nm,respectively,from the Te-added ODS steel. | Barton Mensah Arkhurst Jee Hwan Bae Min Young Na Hye Jung Chang Hyun Gil Kim Il Hyun Kim Ho Jin Ryu Jeoung Han Kim | 2021 | Journal of Materials Science & Technology2021，，36： | 3 |
| 20 | A sulfur self-doped multifunctional biochar catalyst for overall water splitting and a supercapacitor from Camellia japonica flowers显示文摘A versatile use of a sulfur self-doped biochar derived from Camellia japonica(camellia)flowers is demonstrated as a multifunctional catalyst for overall water splitting and a supercapacitor.The native sulfur content in the camellia flower facilitates in situ self-doping of sulfur,which highly activates the camellia-driven biochar(SA-Came)as a multifunctional catalyst with the enhanced electron-transfer ability and long-term durability.For water splitting,an SA-Came-based electrode is highly stable and shows reaction activities in both hydrogen and oxygen evolution reactions,with overpotentials of 154 and 362 mV at 10 mA cm^(−2),respectively.For supercapacitors,SA-Came achieves a specific capacitance of 125.42 F g^(−1)at 2 A g^(−1)and high cyclic stability in a three-electrode system in a 1 M KOH electrolyte.It demonstrated a high energy density of 34.54 Wh kg^(−1)at a power density of 1600 W kg^(−1)as a symmetric hybrid supercapacitor device with a wide working potential range of 0-1.6 V. | Chengkai Xia Subramani Surendran Seulgi Ji Dohun Kim Yujin Chae Jaekyum Kim Minyeong Je Mi-Kyung Han Woo-Seok Choe Chang Hyuck Choi Heechae Choi Jung Kyu Kim Uk Sim | 2022 | Carbon Energy2022，4，4： | 3 |
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