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| 1 | 青藏高原热力强迫对中国东部降水和水汽输送的调制作用显示文摘从4个方面综述了有关青藏高原大地形热力'驱动'对中国东部雨带和水汽输送特征及其年代际变化的影响作用的研究进展:(1)中国三阶梯大地形热力过程变化与季风雨带季节演进;(2)青藏高原地-气过程热力'驱动'及其季风水汽输送结构;(3)青藏高原积雪冷源对中国东部水汽输送结构及其雨带分布的影响;(4)青藏高原视热源变化与雨带年代际变化相关特征及其可能调制。其主要研究结论是:(1)中国西部高原特殊三阶梯大地形结构强化了海-陆热力差异,尤其是高原大地形使地-气热力差异季节变化有由青藏高原向东北方向大地形区域延伸变化趋势,且其与季风雨带由东南沿海移向西北朝青藏高原与黄土高原边缘同步演进,两者似乎存在类似季节内演进的一种'动态的吸引'。(2)中国东部雨带时空变化特征和季风强弱变化趋势均与青藏高原热源强弱异常变化相对应。青藏高原热源异常影响低纬度海洋向陆地的水汽传输路径和强度,进而调制中国东部降水时空演变。在青藏高原热源强和弱年,中国降水变率空间分布特征分别为'北涝南旱'和'南涝北旱'。青藏高原视热源强(弱)异常变化'强信号'将对东亚与南亚区域的季风水汽输送结构,以及夏季风降水时空分布的变异具有'前兆性'的指示意义。(3)长江中下游地区作为独特南北两支水汽流的汇合带,该地区夏季青藏高原热源与水汽通量相关矢特征呈类似于青藏高原多雪与少雪年水汽通量偏差场中水汽汇合区显著特征差异,揭示了冬季青藏高原积雪冷源影响中国东部夏季长江流域梅雨水汽输送结构特征。(4)中国降水的年代际变化基本型态为中国东部呈'南涝北旱趋势',西北区域呈现出'西部转湿趋势'。但基于近10年青藏高原春季视热源出现'降后回升'趋势,中国东部'南涝北旱'的降水格局已出现转折趋势。 | 徐祥德 赵天良 施晓晖 LU Chungu | 2015 | 气象学报2015，73，1： | 52 |
| 2 | 青藏高原大气水分循环特征显示文摘青藏高原对亚洲季风环流的形成有重要作用,同时作为'世界屋脊'拥有丰富的冰川、积雪、河流、湖泊和地下蓄水层。青藏高原特殊大地形动力和热力作用深刻地影响着亚洲与全球大气水分循环,也对全球气候与环境产生深远的影响。基于青藏高原在亚洲夏季风系统大气水分循环过程的重要地位,从青藏高原对全球大气水分循环重要作用的视角,综述了青藏高原大气水分循环过程中青藏高原局地热力对流、高原的'阶梯式'水汽流爬升'第二类条件不稳定(CISK)'物理模型、青藏高原视热源结构影响及多尺度水汽汇流通道、海洋-青藏高原'水汽源-汇'结构、青藏高原跨半球垂直环流圈水分循环结构、青藏高原大气水分循环综合模型等的相关研究进展,剖析了青藏高原大气水分循环综合模型的研究背景,探讨了青藏高原特殊大地形热力驱动机制及其云水效应,描述出与青藏高原热力驱动的亚洲区域和跨半球垂直环流圈水分循环结构,揭示了青藏高原热力强迫与海洋-大气-陆地水文过程特殊的相互反馈作用。青藏高原发源的亚洲河流水系是为人口众多的亚洲区域供给生活、农业和工业用水的重要水资源之一。因此,认识在全球变暖背景下青藏高原的水分循环及其对水资源变化影响至关重要,仍需深入地探讨青藏高原大气水分循环机制及其全球影响效应。 | 徐祥德 赵天良 Lu Chungu 施晓晖 | 2014 | 气象学报2014，72，6： | 49 |
| 3 | A Generalized Frontogenesis Function and Its Application显示文摘With the definition of generalized potential temperature, a new generalized frontogenesis function, which is expressed as the Lagrangian change rate of the magnitude of the horizontal generalized potential temperature gradient, is derived. Such a frontogenesis function is more appropriate for a real moist atmosphere because it can reflect frontogenesis processes, in which the atmosphere in a frontal zone is typically characterized by neither completely dry nor uniform saturation. Furthermore, by derivation, the expression of generalized frontogenesis function includes both temperature and humidity gradients, which is different from and superior to the traditional frontogenesis function in moist processes, which also uses equivalent potential temperature. Diagnostic studies of real cases are performed and show that the generalized frontogenesis function in nonuniformly saturated moist atmosphere indeed provides a useful tool for frontogenesis, compared to using the traditional frontogenesis function. The new frontogenesis function can be used in situations involving either a strong temperature or moisture gradient and is closely correlated with precipitation. | YANG Shuai GAO Shouting LU Chungu | 2014 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2014，31，5： | 12 |
| 4 | Investigation of the Mei-yu Front Using a New Deformation Frontogenesis Function显示文摘A new frontogenesis function is developed and analyzed on the basis of a local change rate of the absolute horizontal gradient of the resultant deformation. Different from the traditional frontogenesis function, the newly defined deformation frontogenesis is derived from the viewpoint of dynamics rather than thermodynamics. Thus, it is more intuitive for the study of frontogenesis because the compaction of isolines of both temperature and moisture can be directly induced by the change of a flow field. This new frontogenesis function is particularly useful for studying the mei-yu front in China because mei-yu rainbands typically consist of a much stronger moisture gradient than temperature gradient, and involve large deformation flow. An analysis of real mei-yu frontal rainfall events indicates that the deformation frontogenesis function works remarkably well, producing a clearer mei-yu front than the traditional frontogenesis function based on a measure of the potential temperature gradient. More importantly, the deformation frontogenesis shows close correlation with the subsequent(6 h later) precipitation pattern and covers the rainband well, bearing significance for the prognosis or even prediction of future precipitation. | YANG Shuai GAO Shouting Chungu LU | 2015 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2015，32，5： | 10 |
| 5 | Variability and trends of high temperature, high humidity, and sultry weather in the warm season in China during the period 1961 - 2004 显示文摘 | Shi Xiaohul Lu Chungu Xu Xiande | 2011 | Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology2011，50，1： | 1 |
| 6 | The impact of observational and model errors on the four-dimensional variational data assimilation显示文摘 | Chungu Lu Gerald L Browning | 1998 | Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences1998，55，： | 1 |
| 7 | 显示文摘 | Xia Chungu Lu Shijie | 1998 | Tetrahedron Lett1998，39，40： | 1 |
| 8 | Structure of the Potential Vorticity of an Explosive Cyclone over the Eastern Asian Region in Late November 2013显示文摘An explosive extratropical cyclone(EC)over the Eastern Asian region that caused two shipwrecks is analyzed using ERA-Interim reanalysis data from the European Center for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts.Analyses of the evolution of the EC reveal that the positive potential vorticity(PV)at the upper-tropospheric level displays a hook-shaped structure during the mature period of the cyclone.The PV distribution forms a vertically coherent PV structure called a PV tower.The vertical distribution of the PV can induce and strengthen cyclonic circulation from the lower-to upper-levels of troposphere,which is an important deepening mechanism of explosive cyclone.The PV tower occurs approximately ten hours prior to the development of surface occlusion in the cyclone.The evolution of surface fronts closely follows the development of the horizontal upper-tropospheric PV.This tandem development is largely attributed to the ability of the positive upper-tropospheric PV and the PV tower to induce cyclonic circulation simultaneously.The kinematic wrap-up process of cyclonic circulation also accelerates the formation of warm occlusion.A conceptual model of the distributions of positive PV and potential temperature combining the perspectives of dynamic tropopause folding,PV tower,and atmospheric stability,including westward tilting and baroclinicity,is proposed.This model can illustrate the explosive deepening mechanism of ECs.The regions of convective instability and rainfall determined by this model are consistent with those identified from the actual observation. | PANG Huaji FU Gang LU Chungu | 2022 | Journal of Ocean University of China2022，21，2： | 1 |
| 9 | Generalized moist potential vorticity and its application in the analysis of atmospheric flows显示文摘Potential vorticity (PV) serves as an important dynamic tracer for large-scale motions in the atmosphere and oceans. Significant progress has been made on the understanding and application of PV since the work of Hoskins et al., who introduced an ''IPV thinking' of a dynamical system in a purely dry atmosphere. In particular, there has been a substantial amount of work done on the PV in a general moist atmosphere. In this paper, the generalized moist potential vorticity (GMPV) and its application in the mesoscale meteorological fields are reviewed. The GMPV is derived for a real atmosphere (neither completely dry nor saturated) by introducing a generalized potential temperature instead of the potential temperature or equivalent potential temperature. Such a generalization can depict the moist effect on PV anomaly in the non-uniformly saturated atmosphere. The effect of mass forcing induced by rainfall on the anomaly of GMPV is also reviewed and a new dynamic variable, the convective vorticity vector (CVV), is introduced in connection with GMPV. | Linus A. Mofor Chungu Lu | 2009 | Progress in Natural Science:Materials International2009，19，3： | 0 |
| 10 | Scaling the Microphysics Equations and Analyzing the Variability of Hydrometeor Production Rates in a Controlled Parameter Space显示文摘A set of microphysics equations is scaled based on the convective length and velocity scales. Comparisons are made among the dynamical transport and various microphysical processes. From the scaling analysis, it becomes apparent which parameterized microphysical processes present off-scaled influences in the integration of the set of microphysics equations. The variabilities of the parameterized microphysical processes are also studied using the approach of a controlled parameter space. Given macroscopic dynamic and thermodynamic conditions in different regions of convective storms, it is possible to analyze and compare vertical profiles of these processes. Bulk diabatic heating profiles for a cumulus convective updraft and downdraft are also derived from this analysis. From the two different angles, the scale analysis and the controlled-parameter space approach can both provide an insight into and an understanding of microphysics parameterizations. | Chungu Lu Paul Schultz and Gerald L Browning | 2002 | Advances in Atmospheric Sciences2002，19，4： | 0 |
| 11 | On Spatiotemporal Characteristics of Sea Fog Occurrence over the Northern Atlantic from 1909 to 2008显示文摘In this paper, the International Comprehensive Ocean and Atmosphere Data Set(ICOADS) is utilized to investigate the horizontal distribution of sea fog occurrence frequency over the Northern Atlantic as well as the meteorological and oceanic conditions for sea fog formation. Sea fog over the Northern Atlantic mainly occurs over middle and high latitudes. Sea fog occurrence frequency over the western region of the Northern Atlantic is higher than that over the eastern region. The season for sea fog occurrence over the Northern Atlantic is generally from April to August. When sea fogs occur, the prevailing wind direction in the study area is from southerly to southwesterly and the favorable wind speed is around 8 m s-1. It is most favorable for the formation of sea fogs when sea surface temperature(SST) is 5℃ to 15℃. When SST is higher than 25℃, it is difficult for the air to get saturated, and there is almost no report of sea fog. When sea fogs form, the difference between sea surface temperature and air temperature is mainly-1 to 3℃, and the difference of 0℃ to 2℃ is the most favorable conditions for fog formation. There are two types of sea fogs prevailing in this region: advection cooling fog and advection evaporating fog. | LI Pengyuan WANG Guanlan FU Gang LU Chungu | 2016 | Journal of Ocean University of China2016，15，6： | 0 |
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