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| 1 | Climatic Warming and Humidification in the Arid Region of Northwest China: Multi-Scale Characteristics and Impacts on Ecological Vegetation显示文摘The climatic warming and humidification observed in the arid region of Northwest China(ARNC) and their impacts on the ecological environment have become an issue of concern. The associated multi-scale characteristics and environmental responses are currently poorly understood. Using data from satellite remote sensing, field observations, and the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project phase 6, this paper systematically analyzes the process and scale characteristics of the climatic warming and humidification in the ARNC and their impacts on ecological vegetation. The results show that not only have temperature and precipitation increased significantly in the ARNC over the past 60 years, but the increasing trend of precipitation is also obviously intensifying. The dryness index, which comprehensively considers the effects of precipitation and temperature, has clearly decreased, and the trend in humidification has increased. Spatially, the trend of temperature increase has occurred over the entire region, while 93.4% of the region has experienced an increase in precipitation, suggesting a spatially consistent climatic warming and humidification throughout the ARNC. Long-term trends and interannual changes in temperature and precipitation dominate the changes in climatic warming and humidification. Compared to interannual variations in temperature, the trend change of temperature contributes more to the overall temperature change. However, the contribution of interannual variations in precipitation is greater than that of the precipitation trend to the overall precipitation change. The current climatic warming and humidification generally promote the growth of ecological vegetation. Since the 1980 s,82.4% of the regional vegetation has thrived. The vegetation index has a significant positive correlation with precipitation and temperature. However, it responds more significantly to interannual precipitation variation, although the vegetation response varies significantly under different types of land use. The warming and humidification of the climate in the ARNC are probably related to intensifications of the westerly wind circulation and ascending air motions.They are expected to continue in the future, although the strength of the changes will probably be insufficient to significantly change the basic climate pattern in the ARNC. The results of this study provide helpful information for decision making related to China's 'Belt and Road' development strategies. | Qiang ZHANG Jinhu YANG Wei WANG Pengli MA Guoyang LU Xiaoyun LIU Haipeng YU Feng FANG | 2021 | Journal of Meteorological Research2021，35，1： | 19 |
| 2 | A preliminary analysis of the surface chemistry of atmospheric aerosol particles in a typical urban area of Beijing显示文摘Atmospheric aerosol particle samples were collected using an Ambient Eight Stage(Non-Viable) Cascade Impactor Sampler in a typical urban area of Beijing from 27 th Sep.to 5th Oct.,2009.The surface chemistry of these aerosol particles was analyzed using Static Time of Flight-Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry(Static TOF-SIMS).The factors influencing surface compositions were evaluated in conjunction with the air pollution levels,meteorological factors,and air mass transport for the sampling period.The results show that a variety of organic ion groups and inorganic ions/ion groups were accumulated on the surfaces of aerosol particles in urban areas of Beijing;and hydrophobic organic compounds with short-or middle-chain alkyl as well as hydrophilic secondary inorganic compounds were observed.All these compounds have the potential to affect the atmospheric behavior of urban aerosol particles.PM1.1–2.1and PM3.3–4.7had similar elements on their surfaces,but some molecules and ionic groups demonstrated differences in Time of Flight-Secondary Ion Mass Spectrometry spectra.This suggests that the quantities of elements varied between PM1.1–2.1and PM3.3–4.7.In particular,more intense research efforts into fluoride pollution are required,because the fluorides on aerosol surfaces have the potential to harm human health.The levels of air pollution had the most significant influence on the surface compositions of aerosol particles in our study.Hence,heavier air pollution was associated with more complex surface compositions on aerosol particles.In addition,wind,rainfall,and air masses from the south also greatly influenced the surface compositions of these urban aerosol particles. | Zhengzheng Zhang Hong Li Hongyan Liu Runxiang Ni Jinjuan Li Liqun Deng Defeng Lu Xueli Cheng Pengli Duan Wenjun Li | 2016 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2016，28，9： | 5 |
| 3 | NLRP3 inflammasome activation determines the fibrogenic potential of PM_(2.5) air pollution particles in the lung显示文摘Airborne fine particulate matter(PM_(2.5))is known to cause respiratory inflammation such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and lung fibrosis.NLRP3 inflammasome activation has been implicated in these diseases;however,due to the complexity in PM_(2.5)compositions,it is difficult to differentiate the roles of the components in triggering this pathway.We collected eight real-life PM_(2.5)samples for a comparative analysis of their effects on NLRP3 inflammasome activation and lung fibrosis.In vitro assays showed that although the PM_(2.5)particles did not induce significant cytotoxicity at the dose range of 12.5to 100μg/m L,they induced potent TNF-αand IL-1βproduction in PMA differentiated THP-1 human macrophages and TGF-β1 production in BEAS-2B human bronchial epithelial cells.At the dose of 100μg/m L,PM_(2.5)induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation by inducing lysosomal damage and cathepsin B release,leading to IL-1βproduction.This was confirmed by using NLRP3-and ASC-deficient cells as well as a cathepsin B inhibitor,ca-074 ME.Administration of PM_(2.5)via oropharyngeal aspiration at 2 mg/kg induced significant TGF-β1 production in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and collagen deposition in the lung at 21days post-exposure,suggesting PM_(2.5)has the potential to induce pulmonary fibrosis.The ranking of in vitro IL-1βproduction correlates well with the in vivo total cell count,TGF-β1 production,and collagen deposition.In summary,we demonstrate that the PM_(2.5)is capable of inducing NLRP3 inflammasome activation,which triggers a series of cellular responses in the lung to induce fibrosis. | Wei Cao Xiang Wang Jiulong Li Ming Yan Chong Hyun Chang Joshua Kim Jinhong Jiang Yu-Pei Liao Shannon Tseng Sydney Kusumoputro Candice Lau Marissa Huang Pengli Han Pengju Lu Tian Xia | 2022 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2022，34，1： | 3 |
| 4 | Neuroprotective effects of Ginkgo biloba dropping pills in Parkinson's disease显示文摘Parkinson's disease(PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disease in the world;however,it lacks effective and safe treatments. Ginkgo biloba dropping pill(GBDP), a unique Chinese G. biloba leaf extract preparation, exhibits antioxidant and neuroprotective effects and has a potential as an alternative therapy for PD. Thus, the aims of this study were to evaluate the effects of GBDP in in vitro and in vivo PD models and to compare the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of GBDP and the G. biloba extract EGb 761. Using liquid chromatography tandem-mass spectrometry, 46 GBDP constituents were identified. Principal component analysis identified differences in the chemical profiles of GBDP and EGb 761. A quantitative analysis of 12 constituents showed that GBDP had higher levels of several flavonoids and terpene trilactones than EGb 761, whereas EGb 761 had higher levels of organic acids.Moreover, we found that GBDP prevented 6-hydroxydopamine-induced dopaminergic neuron loss in zebrafish and improved cognitive impairment and neuronal damage in methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine-induced PD mice. Although similar effects were observed after EGb 761 treatment,the neuroprotective effects were greater after GBDP treatment on several endpoints. In addition, in vitro results suggested that the Akt/GSK3β pathway may be involved in the neuroprotective effects of GBDP.These findings demonstrated that GBDP have potential neuroprotective effects in the treatment of PD. | Dingyi Yu Pengli Zhang Junying Li Ting Liu Yaodan Zhang Qingqing Wang Jianbing Zhang Xiaoyan Lu Xiaohui Fan | 2021 | Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis2021，11，2： | 3 |
| 5 | TOF–SIMS surface analysis of chemical components of size–fractioned urban aerosols in a typical heavy air pollution event in Beijing显示文摘Size–fractioned atmospheric aerosol particles were collected during a typical heavy air pollution event in Beijing. The organic and inorganic components on the surfaces of the samples were analyzed using time–of–flight secondary ion mass spectrometry(TOF–SIMS).The variation characteristics of the surface chemical composition and influencing factors were studied, and the possible sources of these chemical compositions were identified through principal component analysis. The results showed that inorganic components such as crustal elements and sulfate, and organic components such as aliphatic hydrocarbons and oxygen–containing organic groups were present. Some surface components, such as polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, heavy metals and fluorides may exert adverse effects on human health. The species and relative percentages of the chemical components varied with particle size, diurnal and pollution progress. During a heavy pollution event, the species and relative percentages of secondary components such as oxygen–containing organic groups and sulfurous compounds increased, indicating that particles aged during this event. The surface chemical composition of the aerosol particles was affected mainly by emissions from coal combustion and motor vehicles. In addition, air pollution, meteorological factors, and air mass transport also exerted a significant effect on the surface chemical composition of aerosol particles. | Wenjun Li Hong Li Jinjuan Li Xueli Cheng Zhengzheng Zhang Fahe Chai Hao Zhang Ting Yang Pengli Duan Defeng Lu Yizhen Chen | 2018 | Journal of Environmental Sciences2018，30，7： | 2 |
| 6 | One special double starlike graph is determined by its Laplacian spectrum显示文摘 | LIU Xiaogang ZHANG Yuanping LU Pengli | 2009 | Applied Mathematics Letters2009，22，4： | 1 |
| 7 | Spectral characterizations of sandglass graphs显示文摘 | LU Pengli LIU Xiaogang YUAN Zhanting | 2009 | Applied Mathematics Letters2009，22，8： | 1 |
| 8 | Spectra of the Subdivision-Vertex and Subdivision-Edge Neighbourhood Coronae 显示文摘 | LIU Xiaogang LU Pengli | 2013 | Linear Algebra Appl2013，438，8： | 1 |
| 9 | One special double starlike graph is determined by its Laplacian spectrum显示文摘 | Xiaogang Liu Yuanping Zhang Pengli Lu | 2008 | Applied Mathematics Letters2008，，4： | 1 |
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