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| 1 | Endocrine causes of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease显示文摘Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD) is the most common cause of chronic liver disease in the industrialized world. The prevalence of NAFLD is increasing, becoming a substantial public health burden. NAFLD includes a broad spectrum of disorders, from simple conditions such as steatosis to severe manifestations such as fibrosis and cirrhosis. The relationship ofNAFLD with metabolic alterations such as type 2 diabetes is well described and related to insulin resistance, with NAFLD being recognized as the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome. However, NAFLD may also coincide with endocrine diseases such as polycystic ovary syndrome, hypothyroidism, growth hormone deficiency or hypercortisolism. It is therefore essential to remember, when discovering altered liver enzymes or hepatic steatosis on radiological exams, that endocrine diseases can cause NAFLD. Indeed, the overall prognosis of NAFLD may be modified by treatment of the underlying endocrine pathology. In this review, we will discuss endocrine diseases that can cause NALFD. Underlying pathophysiological mechanisms will be presented and specific treatments will be reviewed. | Laura Marino Francois R Jornayvaz | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，39： | 11 |
| 2 | High-throughput screening of mouse gene knockouts identifies established and novel skeletal phenotypes显示文摘Screening gene function in vivo is a powerful approach to discover novel drug targets. We present high-throughput screening(HTS) data for 3 762 distinct global gene knockout(KO) mouse lines with viable adult homozygous mice generated using either gene-trap or homologous recombination technologies. Bone mass was determined from DEXA scans of male and female mice at 14 weeks of age and by microCT analyses of bones from male mice at 16 weeks of age. Wild-type(WT) cagemates/littermates were examined for each gene KO. Lethality was observed in an additional 850 KO lines. Since primary HTS are susceptible to false positive findings, additional cohorts of mice from KO lines with intriguing HTS bone data were examined. Aging,ovariectomy, histomorphometry and bone strength studies were performed and possible non-skeletal phenotypes were explored. Together, these screens identified multiple genes affecting bone mass: 23 previously reported genes(Calcr, Cebpb, Crtap, Dcstamp, Dkk1, Duoxa2, Enpp1, Fgf23, Kiss1/Kiss1 r, Kl(Klotho),Lrp5, Mstn, Neo1, Npr2, Ostm1, Postn, Sfrp4, Slc30a5, Slc39a13, Sost, Sumf1, Src, Wnt10b), five novel genes extensively characterized(Cldn18, Fam20 c, Lrrk1, Sgpl1, Wnt16), five novel genes with preliminary characterization(Agpat2, Rassf5, Slc10a7, Slc26a7, Slc30a10) and three novel undisclosed genes coding for potential osteoporosis drug targets. | Robert Brommage Jeff Liu Gwenn M Hansen Laura L Kirkpatrick David G Potter Arthur T Ss Brian Zambrowicz David R Powell Peter Vogel | 2014 | Bone Research2014，2，3： | 7 |
| 3 | Proposed approach to the challenging management of progressive gastroesophageal reflux disease显示文摘The progression of gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD) in patients who are taking proton pump inhibitors(PPIs) has been reported by several investigators,leading to concerns that PPI therapy does not address all aspects of the disease.Patients who are at risk of progression need to be identified early in the course of their disease in order to receive preventive treatment.A review of the literature on GERD progression to Barrett's esophagus and the associated physiological and pathological changes was performed and risk factors for progression were identified.In addition,a potential approach to the prevention of progression is discussed.Current evidence shows that GERD can progress;however,patients at risk of progression may not be identified early enough for it to be prevented.Biopsies of the squamocolumnar junction that show microscopic intestinalization of metaplastic cardiac mucosa in endoscopically normal patients are predictive of future visible Barrett's esophagus,and an indicator of GERD progression.Such changes can be identified only through biopsy,which is not currently recommended for endoscopically normal patients.GERD treatment should aim to prevent progression.We propose that endoscopically normal patients who partially respond or do not respond to PPI therapy undergo routine biopsies at the squamocolumnar junction to identify histological changes that may predict future progression.This will allow earlier intervention,aimed at preventing Barrett's esophagus. | Joachim Labenz Parakrama T Chandrasoma Laura J Knapp Tom R DeMeester | 2018 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2018，10，9： | 7 |
| 4 | Systematic review: The placebo effect of psychological interventions in the treatment of irritable bowel syndrome显示文摘AIM To determine the placebo response rate associated with different types of placebo interventions used in psychological intervention studies for irritable bowel syndrome. METHODS Randomized controlled trials comparing psychological interventions(stress management/relaxation therapy(cognitive) behavioral therapy, short-term psychodynamic therapy, and hypnotherapy) for the treatment of adult patients with irritable bowel syndrome(IBS) diagnosed with the Manning or Rome criteria with an adequate placebo control treatment and reporting data on IBS symptom severity were identified by searching Pub Med, Embase, the Cochrane Library, CINAHL and Psyc INFO databases. Full-text articles that were written in English and published between 1966 and February 2016 in peer-reviewed journals were selected for the present review. Placebo interventions were considered to be adequate if the number of sessions and the amount of time spent with the therapist were the same as in the active treatment. The placebo response rate(PRR) was computed for IBS symptom severity(primary outcome measure) as well as for anxiety, depression and quality of life(secondary outcome measures). RESULTS Six studies, with a total of 555 patients met the inclusion criteria. Four studies used an educational intervention, whereas two studies used a form of supportive therapy as the placebo intervention. The PRR for IBS symptom severity ranged from 25% to 59%, with a pooled mean of 41.4%. The relative PRR for the secondary outcome measures ranged from 0% to 267% for anxiety, 6% to 52% for depression 20% to 125% for quality of life. The PRR associated with pharmacological treatments, treatment with dietary bran and complementary medicine ranged from 37.5% to 47%. Contrary to our expectations, the PRR in studies on psychological interventions was comparable to that in studies on pharmacological, dietary and alternative medical interventions.CONCLUSION The PRR is probably determined to a larger extent by patient-related factors, such as expectations and desire for the treatment to be effective, than the content of the placebo intervention. | Carla E Flik Laura Bakker Wijnand Laan Yanda R van Rood André JPM Smout Niek J de Wit | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，12： | 7 |
| 5 | How to use magnetic resonance imaging following neoadjuvant chemotherapy in locally advanced breast cancer显示文摘Magnetic resonance imaging(MRI) is highly sensitive in identifying residual breast cancer following neoadjuvant chemotherapy(NAC), and consequently is a commonly used imaging modality in locally advanced breast cancer patients. In these patients, tumor response is an important prognostic indicator. However, discrepancies between MRI findings and surgical pathology are well documented. Overestimation of residual disease by MRI may result in greater surgery than is actually required while underestimation may result in insufficient surgery. Thus, it is important to understand when MRI findings are reliable and when they are less accurate. MRI most accurately predicts pathology in triple negative, Her2 positive and hormone receptor negative tumors, especially if they are of a solid imaging phenotype. In these cases, post-NAC MRI is highly reliable for surgical planning. Hormone receptor positive cancers and those demonstrating non mass enhancement show lower concordance with surgical pathology, making surgical guidance more nebulous in these cases. Radiologists and surgeons must assess MRI response to NAC in the context of tumor subtype. Indiscriminate interpretations will prevent MRI from achieving its maximum potential in the pre-operative setting. | Elissa R Price Jasmine Wong Rita Mukhtar Nola Hylton Laura J Esserman | 2015 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2015，3，7： | 6 |
| 6 | Successful endoscopic treatment of an intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct显示文摘We present a case of a 76-year-old man with right upper quadrant abdominal pain and weight loss,who was found to have an intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct(IPNB)of the pancreaticobiliary subtype,deemed curatively resectable.The patient declined surgery and opted for endoscopic therapy.He underwent two sessions of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP)-guided radiofrequency ablation(RFA).Ten months later,no evidence of recurrence was identified on repeat ERCP.To our knowledge,this is the first reported case of successful use of RFA as a primary treatment modality for resectable IPNB. | Nikola S Natov Laura C Horton Sanjay R Hegde | 2017 | World Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy2017，9，5： | 5 |
| 7 | Mental and physical symptoms associated with lower social support for patients with hepatitis C显示文摘AIM: To systematically examine the impact of the hepatitis C virus (HCV) diagnosis on patients' level of social support in a large-scale study. METHODS: Patients evaluated and treated for HCV in a tertiary referral center were enrolled in a cross-sectional study. Demographic data, functional and emotional status as measured by the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HAD) and the Sickness Impact Profile (SIP), severity of liver disease, mode of acquisition, and physical and psychiatric comorbidities were collected from patients or abstracted from the medical record. All participants completed a semi-structured interview, addressing questions of social support. RESULTS: A total of 342 patients (mean age 45.2 years; 37% women) were enrolled. Ninety-two (27%) patients described lower levels of support by family and friends. Nearly half of the participants (45%) noted the loss of at least one relationship due to the disease. Fears related to transmitting the disease (25%) were common and often associated with ignorance or even discrimination by others (19%). Nearly one fifth of the patients did not share information about their disease with others to avoid being stigmatized. Lower levels of social support were significantly associated with living alone, being unemployed, being excluded from antiviral therapy, having psychiatric comorbidities, contracting HCV through intravenous drug use, having high levels of anxiety and depression as measured by the HAD and negative mood state as measured by the SIP. Patients reporting lower levels of social support also noted more physical symptoms as measured by the SIP. CONCLUSION: Patients with hepatitis C often face significant social problems, ranging from social isolation to familial stress. The most common concerns reflect a limited insight of patients and their relatives and friends about the disease, the risk factors for its spread, and about potential consequences. Our data suggest that educational interventions targeting support persons and the stressors identified in our findings may lessen or alleviate the social strains patients with hepatitis C experience. | Julie A Blasiole Laura Shinkunas Douglas R LaBrecque Robert M Arnold Susan L Zickmund | 2006 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2006，12，29： | 5 |
| 8 | Peroxisomes,oxidative stress,and inflammation显示文摘Peroxisomes are intracellular organelles mediating a wide variety of biosynthetic and biodegradative reactions.Included among these are the metabolism of hydrogen peroxide and other reactive species,molecules whose levels help define the oxidative state of cells.Loss of oxidative equilibrium in cells of tissues and organs potentiates inflammatory responses which can ultimately trigger human disease.The goal of this article is to review evidence for connections between peroxisome function,oxidative stress,and inflammation in the context of human health and degenerative disease.Dysregulated points in this nexus are identified and potential remedial approaches are presented. | Stanley R Terlecky Laura J Terlecky Courtney R Giordano | 2012 | World Journal of Biological Chemistry2012，3，5： | 4 |
| 9 | FK506对实验性卒中疗效的系统评价和Meta分析显示文摘FK506是治疗急性卒中的一种候选用药。决定一种药物是否可以用于临床试验,应当以全面的、无偏倚的动物实验数据的评估为依据,同时还应考虑到这些数据的局限性。这种评估不但应包括药物疗效,而且也应包括药效在体内的特征和局限性。本研究应用系统评价和Meta分析的方法对FK506在卒中动物模型中保护作用的证据进行评价。总共纳入了29个描述了实验步骤的研究,包括1759只动物。结果显示,FK506疗效的点估计值(结局指标的改善)是31.3%[95%CI(0.272-0.354)]。在采用氯胺酮麻醉和短暂性脑缺血的动物实验中,FK506的疗效更高,在使用大鼠,合并其他疾病的动物及仅以梗死面积为疗效指标的实验中,FK506疗效较低。已发表的实验研究质量均接近临床试验标准,但在高质量的研究中,FK506的疗效较低。FK506在实验性脑卒中的研究中,虽然显示出有明显的疗效,但是应注意由于研究质量和可能的发表偏倚等冈素的影响,FK506的疗效可能被过高估计。 | Malcolm R Macleod Tori O’Collins Laura L Horky David W Howells Geoffrey A Donnan 段建钢 | 2006 | 中国循证医学杂志2006，6，6： | 3 |
| 10 | Reproducibility of the diagnosis of dysplasia in Barrett esophagus: A reaffirmation显示文摘 | Elizabeth Montgomery Mary P Bronner John R Goldblum Joel K Greenson Marian M Haber John Hart Laura W Lamps Gregory Y Lauwers Audrey J Lazenby David N Lewin Marie E Robert Alicia Y Toledano Yu Shyr Kay Washington | 2001 | Human Pathology2001，，4： | 3 |
| 11 | Antidepressant foods:An evidence-based nutrient profiling system for depression显示文摘AIM To investigate which foods are the most nutrient dense sources of nutrients demonstrated by the scientific literature to play a role in the prevention and promotion of recovery from depressive disorders. METHODS A systematic literature review was conducted to derive a list of Antidepressant Nutrients from the 34 nutrients known to be essential for humans using level of evidence criteria. Nutritional data was extracted for a subset of foods with a high content of at least 1 Antidepressant Nutrient using a USDA database. These foods were analyzed for Antidepressant Nutrient density resulting in an Antidepressant Food Score(AFS). Plant and animal foods were analyzed separately. RESULTS Twelve Antidepressant Nutrients relate to the prevention and treatment of depressive disorders: Folate, iron, longchain omega-3 fatty acids(EPA and DHA), magnesium, potassium, selenium, thiamine, vitamin A, vitamin B6, vitamin B12, vitamin C, and zinc. The highest scoring foods were bivalves such as oysters and mussels, various seafoods, and organ meats for animal foods. The highest scoring plant foods were leafy greens, lettuces, peppers, and cruciferous vegetables. CONCLUSION The AFS is based on a nutrient profiling system devised to identify foods with the highest nutrient density of nutrients with clinical evidence to support theirrole in depressive disorders. This list of foods and food categories with the highest density of the 12 Antidepressant Nutrients, the Antidepressant Foods, should be considered by researchers in the design of future intervention studies and clinicians as dietary options to support prevention and recovery from depression disorders. | Laura R La Chance Drew Ramsey | 2018 | World Journal of Psychiatry2018，8，3： | 2 |
| 12 | HCV ‐associated B ‐cell non‐ H odgkin lymphomas and new direct antiviral agents显示文摘 | Paul Carrier Arnaud Jaccard Jérémie Jacques Tessa Tabouret Marilyne Debette‐Gratien Julie Abraham Laura Mesturoux Pierre Marquet Sophie Alain Denis Sautereau Marie Essig Véronique Loustaud‐Ratti | 2015 | Liver Int2015，，10： | 2 |
| 13 | The effects of Spirulina on anemia and immune function in senior citizens显示文摘Anemia and immunological dysfunction(i.e.immunosenescence)are commonly found in older subjects and nutritional approaches are sought to counteract these phenomena.Spirulina is a filamentous and multicellular bule-green alga capable of reducing inflammation and also manifesting antioxidant effects.We hypothesized that Spirulina may ameliorate anemia and immunosenescence in senior citizens with a history of anemia.We enrolled 40 volunteers of both sexes with an age of 50 years or older who had no history of major chronic diseases.Participants took a Spirulina supplementation for 12 weeks and were administered comprehensive dietary questionnaires to determine their nutritional regimen during the study.Complete cell count(CCC)and indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase(IDO)enzyme activity,as a sign of immune function,were determined at baseline and weeks 6 and 12 of supplementation.Thirty study participants completed the entire study and the data obtained were analyzed.Over the 12-week study period,there was a steady increase in average values of mean corpuscular hemoglobin in subjects of both sexes.In addition,mean corpuscular volume and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration also increased in male participants.Older women appeared to benefit more rapidly from Spirulina supplements.Similarly,the majority of subjects manifested increased IDO activity and white blood cell count at 6 and 12 weeks of Spirulina supplementation.Spirulina may ameliorate anemia and immunosenescence in older subjects.We encourage large human studies to determine whether this safe supplement could prove beneficial in randomized clinical trials. | Carlo Selmi Patrick SC Leung Laura Fischer Bruce German Chen-Yen Yang Thomas P Kenny Gerry R Cysewski M Eric Gershwin | 2011 | Cellular & Molecular Immunology2011，8，3： | 2 |
| 14 | Response to radiofrequency ablation of pulmonary tumours: a prospective, intention-to-treat, multicentre clinical trial (the RAPTURE study)显示文摘 | Riccardo Lencioni Laura Crocetti Roberto Cioni Robert Suh Derek Glenn Daniele Regge Thomas Helmberger Alice R Gillams Andrea Frilling Marcello Ambrogi Carlo Bartolozzi Alfredo Mussi | 2008 | Lancet Oncology2008，，7： | 2 |
| 15 | Global prevalence of dementia: a Delphi consensus study显示文摘 | Cleusa P Ferri Martin Prince Carol Brayne Henry Brodaty Laura Fratiglioni Mary Ganguli Kathleen Hall Kazuo Hasegawa Hugh Hendrie Yueqin Huang Anthony Jorm Colin Mathers Paulo R Menezes Elizabeth Rimmer Marcia Scazufca | 2005 | The Lancet2005，，9503： | 2 |
| 16 | Global prevalence of dementia: a Delphi consensus study显示文摘 | Cleusa P Ferri Martin Prince Carol Brayne Henry Brodaty Laura Fratiglioni Mary Ganguli Kathleen Hall Kazuo Hasegawa Hugh Hendrie Yueqin Huang Anthony Jorm Colin Mathers Paulo R Menezes Elizabeth Rimmer Marcia Scazufca | 2005 | The Lancet . 2005 (9503)2005，，9503： | 2 |
| 17 | Nonlinear state and tire force estimation for advanced vehicle control显示文摘 | RAY LAURA R | 1995 | IEEE Transaction on Control System Technology1995，13，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Comparison of adjustable-and fixed-dose budesonide/formoterol pressurized metered-dose inhaler and fixed-dose fluticasone propionate/salmeterol dry powder inhaler in asthma patients显示文摘 | William W Busse Shailen R Shah Laura Somerville | 2008 | American Academy of Allergy2008，121，6： | 1 |
| 19 | Land -cover change model validation by an ROC method for the lpswichwatershod, Massachusetts,USA显示文摘 | Pontius R G Jr Laura C S | 2001 | Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment2001，8，5： | 1 |
| 20 | Selective oxidation of d-glucose on gold catalyst显示文摘 | Serena B Laura P Michele R | 2002 | Journal of Catalysis2002，206，2： | 1 |
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