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| 1 | Risk factors and natural history of breast cancer in younger Chinese women显示文摘AIM: To investigate the age differences in the risk factors, clinicopathological characteristics and patterns of treatment of female breast cancer patients. METHODS: Seven thousand one hundred and fiftytwo women with primary breast cancer from the Hong Kong Breast Cancer Registry were recruited after receiving patients' consent, they were asked to complete standardized questionnaires which captured their sociodemographic characteristics and risk factors associated with breast cancer development. Among them, clinicopathological data and patterns of treatment were further collected from medical records of 5523 patients with invasive breast cancers. Patients were divided into two groups according to the age at diagnosis: younger(< 40 years old) vs older patients(≥ 40 years old) for subsequent analyses.RESULTS: Analysis on the sociodemographic characteristics and exposure to risk factors were performed on 7152 women with primary breast cancer and the results revealed that younger patients were more likely to have unhealthy lifestyles; these include a lack of exercise(85.4% vs 73.2%, P < 0.001), having high stress in life(46.1% vs 35.5%, P < 0.001), having dairy/meat-rich diets(20.2% vs 12.9%, P < 0.001),having alcohol drinking habit(7.7% vs 5.2%, P = 0.002). Younger patients were also more likely to have hormone-related risk factors including nulliparity(43.3% vs 17.8%, P < 0.001) and an early age at menarche(20.7% vs 13.2%, P < 0.001). Analyses on clinicopathological characteristics and patterns of treatment were performed on 5523 women diagnosed with invasive breast cancer. The invasive tumours in younger patients showed more aggressive pathological features such as having a higher percentage of grade 3 histology(45.7% vs 36.5%, P < 0.001), having a higher proportion of tumours with lymphovascular invasion(39.6% vs 33.2%, P = 0.003), and having multifocal disease(15.7% vs 10.3%, P < 0.001); they received different patterns of treatment than their older counterparts.CONCLUSION: Younger patients in Hong Kong are more likely to encounter risk factors associated with breast cancer development and have more aggressive tumours than their older counterparts. | Winnie Yeo Hang-Mei Lee Amy Chan Emily YY Chan Miranda CM Chan Keeng-Wai Chan Sharon WW Chan Foon-Yiu Cheung Polly SY Cheung Peter HK Choi Josette SY Chor William WL Foo Wing-Hong Kwan Stephen CK Law Lawrence PK Li Janice WH Tsang Yuk Tung Lorna LS Wong Ting-Ting Wong Chun-Chung Yau Tsz-Kok Yau Benny CY Zee | 2014 | World Journal of Clinical Oncology2014，5，5： | 4 |
| 2 | Increased expression of the nitric oxide synthase gene and protein in corpus cavernosum by repeated dosing of udenafil in a rat model of chemical diabetogenesis显示文摘可勃起的机能障碍(编辑) 是糖尿病 mellitus (DM ) 的主要复杂并发症。这研究在糖尿病的老鼠的阴茎海绵体(CC ) 调查在编辑和组成的氮的氧化物 synthase (cNOS ) 的 downregulation 之间的关系。它也检验 udenafil 的效果,一种 phosphodiesterase 类型 5 (PDE5 ) 禁止者,在编辑和 cNOS 表示层次上。在 16 星期有在糖尿病的老鼠的 udenafil 的每日的口头的处理以后, intracavernous 压力 / 平均数动脉的压力(ICP/MAP ) 比率被记录测量可勃起的功能,并且 cNOS 表示用反向的 transcriptase (RT ) 被测量 -PCR 和 immunoblots。尽管 ICP/MAP 比率和 endothelial NOS (eNOS ) 和在 CC 的 neuronal NOS (nNOS ) 的表达式层次显著地在糖尿病的老鼠被减少,长期的 udenafil 处理改进了可勃起的函数并且与糖尿病的控制相比增加了 cNOS 表示。这些调查结果建议在 DM 的编辑是仔细,与减少的 cNOS 有关,在 CC 和那 udenafil 的表示有能力由 modulating cNOS 补偿这个病理学的变化表示。Udenafil 也在 cGMP (周期的 guanosine monophosphate ) 有一个禁止的角色降级。 | GJ Ahn HK Chung CH Lee KK Kang BO Ahn | 2009 | Asian Journal of Andrology2009，11，4： | 2 |
| 3 | Characterization of a keratinolytic serie protease from Bacillus subtilis KS-1显示文摘 | Suh HJ Lee HK | 2001 | J Protein Chem2001，20，： | 1 |
| 4 | Effect of N1-guanyl-1,7-diaminoheptane, an inhibitor of deoxyhypusine synthase, on endothelial cell growth, differentiation and apoptosis显示文摘 | Kim HK Park HE | 2002 | Mol Cell Biochem2002，237，12： | 1 |
| 5 | Phosphorylation of the AMPA receptor GluR1 subunit is required for synaptic plasticity and retention of spatial memory显示文摘 | Lee HK Takamiya K Han JS | 2003 | Cell2003，112，5： | 1 |
| 6 | A cochlear schwannoma presenting with sudden hearing loss显示文摘 | Shin SH Chun YM Lee HK | 2008 | Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol2008，265，： | 1 |
| 7 | itomycin C induces apoptosis in cultured corneal ilbroblasts derived from type II granular corneal dystrophy corneas 显示文摘 | Kim TI Choi SI Lee HK | 2008 | Mol Vis2008，14，： | 1 |
| 8 | Mutations in gidB confer low- level streptomycin resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis 显示文摘 | Wong SY Lee JS Kwak HK | 2011 | An- timicrob Agents Chemother2011，55，： | 1 |
| 9 | Vascular endothelial growth factor reg- ulates focal adhesion assembly in human brain microvascular en- dothelial cells through activation of the focal ashesion kinase and related adhesion focal tyrosine kinase显示文摘 | Avraham HK Lee THL | 2003 | Biol Chem2003，278，36： | 1 |
| 10 | Preparation and physical properties of wood/polypropylene/clay nanocomposites显示文摘 | Lee HK Dae SK | | 0，，06： | 1 |
| 11 | Polymorphism of aldose reductase gene and diabetic microvaseular complications in type 2 diabetes mellitus显示文摘 | Park HK Ahn CW Lee GT | 2002 | Diabetes Res Clin Pract2002，55，2： | 1 |
| 12 | The Gardenia jasminoides extract and its constituent, geniposide, elicit anti-allergic effects on atopic dermatitis by inhibiting histamine in vitro and in vivo 显示文摘 | Sung YY Lee AY Kim HK | 2014 | J Ethnopharmacol2014，156，： | 1 |
| 13 | The feasibility of a Two-incision video-assisted thoracoscopic lobectomy显示文摘 | Kim HK Sung HK Lee HJ | 2013 | Eur J Cardiothorac Surg2013，88，8： | 1 |
| 14 | CT differentiation of tuberculous peritonitis and peritoneal carcinomatosis 显示文摘 | Ha HK Jung JI Lee MS | 1996 | AJR Am J Roentgenol1996，167，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Insulin-like growth factor-1 induces migration and expression of laminin-5 in cultured human corneal epithelial cells显示文摘 | Lee HK Lee JH Kim M | 2006 | Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci2006，47，3： | 1 |
| 16 | Complete sequence and structure of the mitochondrial genome of the human tapeworm,Taenia asiatica (Platyhelminthes; Cestoda)显示文摘 | Jeon HK Lee KH Kim KH | 2005 | Parasitology2005，130，6： | 1 |
| 17 | Arsenic disrupts cellular levels of p53 and mdm2 : a potential mechanism of carcinogenesis 显示文摘 | Hamadeh HK Vargas M Lee E | 1999 | Bioehem Biophys Res Commun1999，263，2： | 1 |
| 18 | Wemicke's encephalopathy:atypical manifestation at MR imaging显示文摘 | Bae SJ Lee HK Lee JH | 2001 | Am J Neuroradiol2001，22，8： | 1 |
| 19 | Hassallps corpuscles instruct dendritic cells to induce CD4^+ CD25^+ regulatory T cells in human thymus显示文摘 | Watanabe N Wang YH Lee HK | 2005 | Nature2005，436，7054： | 1 |
| 20 | Optimal site and number of biopsy cores according to prostate volume prostate cancer detection in Korea显示文摘 | Shim HB Park HK Lee SE | 2007 | J Urol2007，69，5： | 1 |
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