| 1 | Role of endoplasmic reticulum stress in the loss of retinal ganglion cells in diabetic retinopathy显示文摘Endoplasmic reticulum stress is closely involved in the early stage of diabetic retinopathy.In the present study,a streptozotocin-induced diabetic animal model was given an intraperitoneal injection of tauroursodeoxycholic acid.Results from immunofluorescent co-localization experiments showed that both caspase-12 protein and c-Jun N-terminal kinase 1 phosphorylation levels significantly increased,which was associated with retinal ganglion cell death in diabetic retinas.The C/ERB homologous protein pathway directly contributed to glial reactivity,and was subsequently responsible for neuronal loss and vascular abnormalities in diabetic retinopathy.Our experimental findings indicate that endoplasmic reticulum stress plays an important role in diabetes-induced retinal neuronal loss and vascular abnormalities,and that inhibiting the activation of the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway provides effective protection against diabetic retinopathy. | Liping Yang Lemeng Wu Dongmei Wang Ying Li Hongliang Dou Mark O.M.Tso Zhizhong Ma | 2013 | Neural Regeneration Research2013，8，33： | 7 |
| 2 | Phase calibration for integrated optical phased arrays using artificial neural network with resolved phase ambiguity显示文摘Phase calibration for optical phased arrays(OPAs) is a key process to compensate for the phase deviation and retrieve the initial working state. Conventional calibration approaches based on iterative optimization algorithms are tedious and time-consuming. The essential difficulty of such a problem is to inversely solve for the phase error distribution among OPA elements from the far-field pattern of an OPA. Deep-learning-based technology might offer an alternative approach without explicitly knowing the inverse solution. However, we find that the phase ambiguities, including conjugate ambiguity and periodic ambiguity, severely deter the accuracy and efficacy of deep-learning-based calibration. Device-physics-based analysis reveals the causes of the phase ambiguities, which can be resolved by creating a tailored artificial neural network with phase-masked far-field patterns in a conjugate pair and constructing a periodic continuity-preserving loss function. Through the ambiguity-resolved neural network, we can extract phase error distribution in an OPA and calibrate the device in a rapid, noniterative manner from the measured far-field patterns. The proposed approach is experimentally verified. Pure main-beam profiles with >12 dB sidelobe suppression ratios are observed. This approach can help overcome a crucial bottleneck for the further advance of OPAs in a variety of applications such as lidar. | Lemeng Leng Zhaobang Zeng Guihan Wu Zhongzhi Lin Xiang Ji Zhiyuan Shi Wei Jiang | 2022 | Photonics Research2022，10，2： | 3 |
| 3 | Retinal ganglion cell death in a DBA/2J mouse model of glaucoma Microglial activation and intraocular pressure显示文摘BACKGROUND:Retinal microglia has been shown to reactivate in a murine model of pigmentary glaucoma.However,the relationship between microglial activation and intraocular pressure(IOP) elevation and retinal ganglion cell(RGC) death is still unclear.OBJECTIVE:To verify that microglial activation and tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-α) expression is involved in RGC death with elevated IOP and prolonged time of glaucomatous optic nerve lesion in a DBA/2J mouse model of glaucoma.DESIGN,TIME AND SETTING:This randomized,controlled,animal experiment was performed at the Peking University Third Hospital,Peking University Eye Center,China between December 2006 and May 2008.MATERIALS:DBA/2J mice and C57BL/6J mice(Jackson Laboratory,USA),rat anti-mouse CD11b monoclonal antibody(Serotec,UK),and goat anti-TNF-α polyclonal antibody(Sigma,USA) were used in this study.METHODS:A total of 100 female,DBA/2J mice at 3,6,9,12,and 14 months of age(20 mice per age group) were used for the glaucoma model,and 18 C57BL/6J mice at 3,9,14 months of age(6 mice per age group) were used as normal controls.The anterior segment of the eye was ob-served using a slit-lamp biomicroscope.IOP was measured using a microneedle system.Morphology and number of retinal microglia were observed using immunohistochemistry.RGCs were quantified using Nissl staining.Co-localization of TNF-α and microglia was observed using double-labeling immunofluorescence.Excavation of the optic nerve head was observed utilizing he-matoxylin-eosin staining.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:The following parameters were measured:IOP levels,numbers of RGCs and activated microglia,and TNF-α expression.RESULTS:In 6-month-old DBA/2J mice,dispersed pigment was observed,and some mice devel-oped increased IOP.At 9 months of age,IOP levels reached a peak.In 3-month-old DBA/2J mice,microglia were activated.In 6-month-old DBA/2J mice,the number of activated microglia was significantly increased and migrated to the outer retinal layer.In 9-month-old mice,TNF-α expression was co-localized with microglia.Significant RGC loss occurred in mice aged 9 to 14 months,with the presence of optic nerve fiber loss and optical nerve head excavation.IOP returned to normal levels at 12 months of age,but microglia remained activated,which was consistent with RGC loss.CONCLUSION:Retinal microglial activation was partially attributed to increased IOP.Activated microglia might be mainly responsible for RGC loss.TNF-α expression was evident in the inner retinal layer.However,the relationship between TNF-α and RGC loss remains poorly understood. | Liping Yang Xiujuan Guo Lingling Wu Ying Li Lemeng Wu Dongmei Wang Mark O.M.TsoO | 2010 | Neural Regeneration Research2010，5，4： | 0 |
您所在的机构暂未开通此部分的功能，请联系管理员