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| 1 | Radiographic assessment of leg alignment and grading of knee osteoarthritis:A critical review显示文摘Knee osteoarthritis(OA) is a progressive joint disease hallmarked by cartilage and bone breakdown and associated with changes to all of the tissues in the joint,ultimately causing pain,stiffness,deformity and disability in many people.Radiographs are commonly used for the clinical assessment of knee OA incidence and progression,and to assess for risk factors.One risk factor for the incidence and progression of knee OA is malalignment of the lower extremities(LE).The hipknee-ankle(HKA) angle,assessed from a full-length LE radiograph,is ideally used to assess LE alignment.Careful attention to LE positioning is necessary to obtain the most accurate measurement of the HKA angle.Since full-length LE radiographs are not always available,the femoral shaft-tibial shaft(FS-TS) angle may be calculated from a knee radiograph instead.However,the FS-TS angle is more variable than the HKA angle and it should be used with caution.Knee radiographs are used to assess the severity of knee OA and its progression.There are three types of ordinal grading scales for knee OA:global,composite and individual feature scales.Each grade on a global scale describes one or more features of knee OA.The entire description must be met for a specific grade to be assigned.The KellgrenLawrence scale is the most commonly-used global scale.Composite scales grade several features of knee OA individually and sum the grades to create a total score.One example is the compartmental grading scale for knee OA.Composite scales can respond to change in a variety of presentations of knee OA.Individual feature scales assess one or more OA features individually and do not calculate a total score.They are most often used to monitor change in one OA feature,commonly joint space narrowing.The most commonly-used individual feature scale is the OA Research Society International atlas.Each type of scale has its advantages;however,composite scales may offer greater content validity.Responsiveness to change is unknown for most scales and deserves further evaluation. | Lisa Sheehy T Derek V Cooke | 2015 | World Journal of Rheumatology2015，5，2： | 2 |
| 2 | The cost of hospitalization in Crohn’s disease显示文摘 | Russell D Cohen Leanne R Larson Joel M Roth Russell V Becker Lisa L Mummert | 2000 | The American Journal of Gastroenterology2000，，2： | 2 |
| 3 | Gene expression in gastrointestinal stromal tumors is distinguished by KIT genotype and anatomic site显示文摘 | Cristina RA Agres V Lisa S | 2004 | Clin Cancer Res2004，10，： | 1 |
| 4 | Surface-Enhanced Infrared Absorption Using Individual Cross Antenna Tailored to Chemical Moieties 显示文摘 | Lisa V Brown Ke Zhao Nicholas King | 2013 | Journal of the American Chemical Society(S0002-7863)2013，135，9： | 1 |
| 5 | Computational and experimental study of axisymmetric coflow partially premixed methane/air flames显示文摘 | Beth A V B Charles S M Lisa D P | 2000 | Combustion and Flame2000，123，4： | 1 |
| 6 | Commitment to apoptosis by GD3 ganglioside depends on opening of the mitochodrial permeability transition pore显示文摘 | Scorrano L Petronilli V Lisa FD | 1999 | J Biol Chem1999，274，22： | 1 |
| 7 | Chromium speciation by anion-exchange high-performance liquid chromatography with both inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopic and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometric detection显示文摘 | Francine A B Lisa K O Nohora P V | 1995 | Journal of Chromatography A1995，712，： | 1 |
| 8 | Effects of onset of labor and mode of delivery on severe postpartum hemorrhage 显示文摘 | Iqbal AZ Siri V Lisa F | 2009 | Am J Obstet Gynecol2009，201，273： | 1 |
| 9 | The avian coronavirus Infectious bronchitis virus undergoes direct low-pH-dependent fusion activation during entry into host cells显示文摘 | Victor C Lisa J Chu M V | 2006 | Journal of Virology2006，80，： | 1 |
| 10 | The effect of res- cuer fatigue on the quality of chest compressions 显示文摘 | Ochoa FJ Ramalle - G6mara E Lisa V | 1998 | Resuscita- tion1998，37，3： | 1 |
| 11 | 显示文摘 | Lisa M V Julia M Richard B K | 2003 | Science2003，299，： | 1 |
| 12 | Production of human clotting factor IX without toxicity in mice after vascular delivery of a lentiviral vector 显示文摘 | Lisa V Tsui Michael K | 2002 | Nature Biotechnology2002，20，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Two- dimensional ^1H and ^13C-NMR spectroscopy of styrene- methyl methacrylate copolymers 显示文摘 | Sharon A H Frank A B Lisa M V | 1986 | Macromolecules1986，19，6： | 1 |
| 14 | Real-time qPCR quantification of Kuruma shrimp transcripts : A comparison of relative and absolute quantification procedures 显示文摘 | Melony J S Tony V Lisa A L | 2007 | J of Biotechnol2007，129，3： | 1 |
| 15 | Chang Nitrogen mobilization in the United States of America and the People's Republic of China 显示文摘 | Galloway J N Zhao D W Thomson V E Lisa H | 1996 | Atmospheric Environment1996，30，： | 1 |
| 16 | Parameters affecting the efficiency of Agrobacterium tumefacier-mediated transformation of Colletotrichum graminicola显示文摘 | Jennifer L F Lisa J V | 2005 | Curr Genet2005，48，： | 1 |
| 17 | Non-battle injury casualties during the persian gulf war and other deployments显示文摘 | James V Robert FD Lisa W | 2000 | Am J Pres Med2000，18，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Lipid metabolism and adipokine levels in fatty acid-binding protein null and transgenic mice 显示文摘 | Ann V H Lisa Ann Smith Anders H B | 2005 | Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab2005，290，： | 1 |
| 19 | Biomass, Carbon, and Nitrogen Pools in Mexican Tropical Dry Forest Landscapes显示文摘 | Víctor J. Jaramillo J. Boone Kauffman Lyliana Rentería-Rodríguez Dian L. Cummings Lisa J. Ellingson | 2003 | Ecosystems2003，，7： | 1 |
| 20 | Lipid metabolism and adipokine ievels in Fatty acid-binding protein null and transgenic mice 显示文摘 | ANN V H LISA A S ANDERS H B | 2005 | Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab2005，290，： | 1 |
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