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| 1 | Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease: Evolving paradigms显示文摘In the last years new evidence has accumulated on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease(NAFLD)challenging the paradigms that had been holding the scene over the previous 30 years.NAFLD has such an epidemic prevalence as to make it impossible to screen general population looking for NAFLD cases.Conversely,focusing on those cohorts of individuals exposed to the highest risk of NAFLD could be a more rational approach.NAFLD,which can be diagnosed with either non-invasive strategies or through liver biopsy,is a pathogenically complex and clinically heterogeneous disease.The existence of metabolic as opposed to genetic-associated disease,notably including'lean NAFLD'has recently been recognized.Moreover,NAFLD is a systemic condition,featuring metabolic,cardiovascular and(hepatic/extrahepatic)cancer risk.Among the clinico-laboratory features of NAFLD we discuss hyperuricemia,insulin resistance,atherosclerosis,gallstones,psoriasis and selected endocrine derangements.NAFLD is a precursor of type 2 diabetes(T2D)and metabolic syndrome and progressive liver disease develops in T2D patients in whom the course of disease is worsened by NAFLD.Finally,lifestyle changes and drug treatment options to be implemented in the individual patient are also critically discussed.In conclusion,this review emphasizes the new concepts on clinical and pathogenic heterogeneity of NAFLD,a systemic disorder with a multifactorial pathogenesis and protean clinical manifestations.It is highly prevalent in certain cohorts of individuals who are thus potentially amenable to selective screening strategies,intensive follow-up schedules for early identification of liver-related and extrahepatic complications and in whom earlier and more aggressive treatment schedules should be carried out whenever possible. | Amedeo Lonardo Fabio Nascimbeni Mauro Maurantonio Alessandra Marrazzo Luca Rinaldi Luigi Elio Adinolfi | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，36： | 33 |
| 2 | Chronic HCV infection and inflammation:Clinical impact on hepatic and extra-hepatic manifestations显示文摘The liver has a central role in regulating inflammation by its capacity to secrete a number of proteins that control both local and systemic inflammatory responses. Chronic inflammation or an exaggerated inflammatory response can produce detrimental effects on target organs. Chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection causes liver inflammation by complex and not yet well-understood molecular pathways, including direct viral effects and indirect mechanisms involving cytokine pathways,oxidative stress and steatosis induction. An increasing body of evidence recognizes the inflammatory response in chronic hepatitis C as pathogenically linked to the development of both liver-limited injury(fibrosis, cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma) and extrahepatic HCV-related diseases(lymphoproliferative disease,atherosclerosis, cardiovascular and brain disease). Defining the complex mechanisms of HCV-induced inflammation could be crucial to determine the global impact of infection, to estimate progression of the disease, and to explore novel therapeutic approaches to avert HCVrelated diseases. This review focuses on HCV-related clinical conditions as a result of chronic liver and systemic inflammatory states. | Rosa Zampino Aldo Marrone Luciano Restivo Barbara Guerrera Ausilia Sellitto Luca Rinaldi Ciro Romano Luigi E Adinolfi | 2013 | World Journal of Hepatology2013，5，10： | 13 |
| 3 | Chronic hepatitis C virus infection and neurological and psychiatric disorders:An overview显示文摘Hepatitis C virus(HCV)infection is considered a systemic disease because of involvement of other organs and tissues concomitantly with liver disease.Among the extrahepatic manifestations,neuropsychiatric disorders have been reported in up to 50%of chronic HCV infected patients.Both the central and peripheral nervous system may be involved with a wide variety of clinical manifestations.Main HCV-associated neurological conditions include cerebrovascular events,encephalopathy,myelitis,encephalomyelitis,and cognitive impairment,whereas'brain fog',depression,anxiety,and fatigue are at the top of the list of psychiatric disorders.Moreover,HCV infection is known to cause both motor and sensory peripheral neuropathy in the context of mixed cryoglobulinemia,and has also been recently recognized as an independent risk factor for stroke.These extrahepatic manifestations are independent of severity of the underlying chronic liver disease and hepatic encephalopathy.The brain is a suitable site for HCV replication,where the virus may directly exert neurotoxicity;other mechanisms proposed to explain the pathogenesis of neuropsychiatric disorders in chronic HCV infection include derangement of metabolic pathways of infected cells,alterations in neurotransmitter circuits,autoimmune disorders,and cerebral or systemic inflammation.A pathogenic role for HCV is also suggested by improvement of neurological and psychiatric symptoms in patients achieving a sustained virologic response following interferon treatment;however,further ad hoc trials are needed to fully assess the impact of HCV infection and specific antiviral treatments on associated neuropsychiatric disorders. | Luigi Elio Adinolfi Riccardo Nevola Giacomo Lus Luciano Restivo Barbara Guerrera Ciro Romano Rosa Zampino Luca Rinaldi Ausilia Sellitto Mauro Giordano Aldo Marrone | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，8： | 6 |
| 4 | Predictors of early and late hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence显示文摘Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most frequent liver neoplasm,and its incidence rates are constantly increasing.Despite the availability of potentially curative treatments(liver transplantation,surgical resection,thermal ablation),long-term outcomes are affected by a high recurrence rate(up to 70%of cases 5 years after treatment).HCC recurrence within 2 years of treatment is defined as“early”and is generally caused by the occult intrahepatic spread of the primary neoplasm and related to the tumor burden.A recurrence that occurs after 2 years of treatment is defined as“late”and is related to de novo HCC,independent of the primary neoplasm.Early HCC recurrence has a significantly poorer prognosis and outcome than late recurrence.Different pathogenesis corresponds to different predictors of the risk of early or late recurrence.An adequate knowledge of predictive factors and recurrence risk stratification guides the therapeutic strategy and post-treatment surveillance.Patients at high risk of HCC recurrence should be referred to treatments with the lowest recurrence rate and when standardized to combined or adjuvant therapy regimens.This review aimed to expose the recurrence predictors and examine the differences between predictors of early and late recurrence. | Riccardo Nevola Rachele Ruocco Livio Criscuolo Angela Villani Maria Alfano Domenico Beccia Simona Imbriani Ernesto Claar Domenico Cozzolino Ferdinando Carlo Sasso Aldo Marrone Luigi Elio Adinolfi Luca Rinaldi | 2023 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2023，29，8： | 6 |
| 5 | Clinical features and natural history of cryptogenic cirrhosis compared to hepatitis C virus-related cirrhosis显示文摘AIM To characterize natural history of cryptogenic cirrhosis(CC) and compare its clinical features and outcomes to those of hepatitis C virus(HCV)-related cirrhosis.METHODS A prospective cohort of 102 consecutive patients at their first diagnosis of CC were enrolled in this study. The clinical data and outcomes were compared to an ageand Child-pugh class-matched cohort of 110 patients with HCV-related cirrhosis. Diagnosis of cirrhosis was based on compatible clinical and laboratory parameters, ultrasound/endoscopic parameters and, whenever possible, on histological grounds and transient elastography. All cases of cirrhosis without a definite etiology were enrolled in the CC group. The parameters assessed were:(1) severity of liver disease at the time of first diagnosis;(2) liver decompensation during follow-up;(3) hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC);(4) orthotopic liver transplantation; and(5) death. The independent associated factors were evaluated by multiple logistic regression analysis, and survival and its determinants by the Kaplan-Meier model, log-rank test and Cox regression.RESULTS At the first observation, median age was 66 and 65 years and male gender was 36% and 58% for CC and HCV cirrhosis, respectively. CC showed Child-pugh class A/B/C of 47%/31%/22%, respectively. Compared to HCV cirrhosis, CC exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome(12% vs 54%, respectively), overweight/obesity, high BMI, impaired glucose tolerance, high blood pressure, dyslipidemia, hyperuricemia, cardiovascular diseases, extrahepatic cancer, and gallstones. Over a median period of 42 mo of follow-up, liver decompensation, HCC development and death for CC and HCV-related cirrhosis were 60.8%, and 54.4%, 16.7% and 17.2%, 39.2% and 30%, respectively. The median survival was 60 mo for CC. Independent predictors of death were age and Childpugh class at diagnosis. CC showed an approximately twofold higher incidence of HCC in Child-pugh class A.CONCLUSION Undiagnosed nonalcoholic fatty liver disease has an etiologic role in CC that is associated with a poor prognosis, early HCC development, high risk of cardiovascular disease and extrahepatic cancer. | Luca Rinaldi Fabio Nascimbeni Mauro Giordano Chiara Masetti Barbara Guerrera Annalisa Amelia Maria Chiara Fascione Stefano Ballestri Dante Romagnoli Rosa Zampino Riccardo Nevola Enrica Baldelli Natalina Iuliano Valerio Rosato Amedeo Lonardo Luigi Elio Adinolfi | 2017 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2017，23，8： | 5 |
| 6 | Fault activation and induced seismicity in geological carbon storage--Lessons learned from recent modeling studies显示文摘In the light of current concerns related to induced seismicity associated with geological carbon sequestration(GCS),this paper summarizes lessons learned from recent modeling studies on fault activation,induced seismicity,and potential for leakage associated with deep underground carbon dioxide(CO_2) injection.Model simulations demonstrate that seismic events large enough to be felt by humans require brittle fault properties and continuous fault permeability allowing pressure to be distributed over a large fault patch to be ruptured at once.Heterogeneous fault properties,which are commonly encountered in faults intersecting multilayered shale/sandstone sequences,effectively reduce the likelihood of inducing felt seismicity and also effectively impede upward CO_2 leakage.A number of simulations show that even a sizable seismic event that could be felt may not be capable of opening a new flow path across the entire thickness of an overlying caprock and it is very unlikely to cross a system of multiple overlying caprock units.Site-specific model simulations of the In Salah CO_2 storage demonstration site showed that deep fractured zone responses and associated microseismicity occurred in the brittle fractured sandstone reservoir,but at a very substantial reservoir overpressure close to the magnitude of the least principal stress.We conclude by emphasizing the importance of site investigation to characterize rock properties and if at all possible to avoid brittle rock such as proximity of crystalline basement or sites in hard and brittle sedimentary sequences that are more prone to injection-induced seismicity and permanent damage. | Jonny Rutqvist Antonio P. Rinaldi Frederic Cappa Pierre Jeanne Alberto Mazzoldi Luca Urpi Yves Guglielmi Victor Vilarrasa | 2016 | Journal of Rock Mechanics and Geotechnical Engineering2016，8，6： | 4 |
| 7 | Chronic hepatitis C,atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease: What impact of direct-acting antiviral treatments?显示文摘Hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection is associated with extrahepatic manifestations, among these there is an increased risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease as well as an increased cardiovascular mortality. Several direct and indirect HCV pro-atherogenic mechanisms have been proposed. HCV lives and replicates within carotid plaques, promoting a local environment of pro-atherogenic factors. In addition, it causes conditions such as insulin resistance, diabetes, hepatic steatosis, cryoglobulinemia and endotoxinemia that are associated with the development of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. Therapeutic regimens based on direct-acting antiviral agents (DAA) are currently available with high efficacy in HCV clearance and improvement of liver disease, but does HCV eradication also improve atherosclerosis and the risk of cardiovascular disease? Recently, a multi-center study has shown that elimination of HCV improves carotid atherosclerosis. Two studies have shown that DAA treatments significantly reduce the risk of cardiovascular events. Several studies have assessed the impact of HCV clearance on pro-atherosclerosis metabolic conditions showing improvement in cardiovascular risk biomarkers, disappearance or improvement of insulin resistance, reduction of risk of developing diabetes and improvement of glycemic control. There are also evidences that HCV clearance promotes the recovery of cytokines and inflammatory markers associated with atherosclerosis and the disappearance of cryoglobulinemia. Available data show that clearance of HCV by DAAs is associated with an improvement in atherosclerosis and metabolic and immunological conditions that promote the development of cardiovascular disease. However, the data are not sufficient to allow definitive conclusions and further studies will be needed to definitively clarify the impact of HCV clearance on atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. | Luigi Elio Adinolfi Luca Rinaldi Riccardo Nevola | 2018 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2018，24，41： | 3 |
| 8 | 杂交型胸腹大动脉瘤修补术显示文摘尽管近几十年来开放式胸腹联合大动脉瘤(TAAA)修补术进展显著,但技术上的挑战,及发症率和病死率问题仍然严峻,尤其是对于那些具有大范围动脉瘤或者已有主动脉弓手术史以及手术条件较差的患者。杂交型型胸腹大动脉瘤修补术是一种值得注意的技术并可能成为一种'过渡'的解决办法当我们等待演进中的全血管内应用网状带分支支架修复TAAA技术的大系列可重复的结果。 | Roberto Chiesa Germano Melissano Efrem Civilini Luca Bertoglio Enrico Rinaldi Enrico Maria Marone Yamume Tshomba | 2013 | 中国普通外科杂志2013，22，6： | 2 |
| 9 | 杂交技术修复胸腹主动脉瘤视频介绍显示文摘虽然开放胸腹主动脉(TAAA)修复术在最近的几十年中已取得很大发展,但目前Inclusion技术的并发症率及病死率仍较高,这对我们而言依旧是一个技术上的挑战,尤其是合并广泛的动脉瘤病变、既往有主动脉手术史以及非最佳手术指证的患者更是如此。杂交技术修复TAAA是一个研究热点,由于我们需要更大数量的可重复性结果来观察完全通过开窗和分支支架修复TAAA的可行性,因此杂交手术的经验在此期间起到了一种'桥梁'作用。 | Roberto Chiesa Germano Melissano Efrem Civilini Luca Bertoglio Enrico Rinaldi Enrico Maria Marone Yamume Tshomba 卢苇 | 2015 | 中国普通外科杂志2015，24，6： | 1 |
| 10 | Boceprevir or telaprevir in hepatitis C virus chronic infection:The Italian real life experience显示文摘AIM: To check the safety and efficacy of boceprevir/telaprevir with peginterferon/ribavirin for hepatitis C virus(HCV) genotype 1 in the real-world settings. METHODS: This study was a non-randomized, observational, prospective, multicenter. This study involved 47 centers in Italy. A database was prepared for the homogenous collection of the data, was used by all of the centers for data collection, and was updated continuously. All of the patients enrolled in this study were older than 18 years of age and were diagnosed with chronic infection due to HCV genotype 1. The HCV RNA testing was performed using COBAS-Taq Man2.0(Roche, LLQ 25 IU/m L). RESULTS: All consecutively treated patients were included. Forty-seven centers enrolled 834 patients as follows: Male 64%; median age 57(range 18-78), of whom 18.3% were over 65; mean body mass index 25.6(range 16-39); genotype 1b(79.4%); diagnosis of cirrhosis(38.2%); and fibrosis F3/4(71.2%). The following drugs were used: Telaprevir(66.2%) and PEG-IFN-alpha2a(67.6%). Patients were na?ve(24.4%), relapsers(30.5%), partial responders(14.8%) and null responders(30.3%). Overall, adverse events(AEs) occurred in 617 patients(73.9%) during the treatment. Anemia was the most frequent AE(52.9% of cases), especially in cirrhotic. The therapy was stopped for 14.6% of the patients because of adverse events or virological failure(15%). Sustained virological response was achieved in 62.7% of the cases, but was 43.8% in cirrhotic patients over 65 years of age. CONCLUSION: In everyday practice, triple therapy is safe but has moderate efficacy, especially for patients over 65 years of age, with advanced fibrosis, nonresponders to peginterferon + ribavirin. | Antonio Ascione Luigi Elio Adinolfi Pietro Amoroso Angelo Andriulli Orlando Armignacco Tiziana Ascione Sergio Babudieri Giorgio Barbarini Michele Brogna Francesco Cesario Vincenzo Citro Ernesto Claar Raffaele Cozzolongo Giuseppe D’Adamo Emilio D’Amico Pellegrino Dattolo Massimo De Luca Vincenzo De Maria Massimo De Siena Giuseppe De Vita Antonio Di Giacomo Rosanna De Marco Giorgio De Stefano Giulio De Stefano Sebastiano Di Salvo Raffaele Di Sarno Nunzia Farella Laura Felicioni Basilio Fimiani Luca Fontanella Giuseppe Foti Caterina Furlan Francesca Giancotti Giancarlo Giolitto Tiziana Gravina Barbara Guerrera Roberto Gulminetti Angelo Iacobellis Michele Imparato Angelo Iodice Vincenzo Iovinella Antonio Izzi Alfonso Liberti Pietro Leo Gennaro Lettieri Ileana Luppino Aldo Marrone Ettore Mazzoni Vincenzo Messina Roberto Monarca Vincenzo Narciso Lorenzo Nosotti Adriano Maria Pellicelli Alessandro Perrella Guido Piai Antonio Picardi Paola Pierri Grazia Pietromatera Francesco Resta Luca Rinaldi Mario Romano Angelo Rossini Maurizio Russello Grazia Russo Rodolfo Sacco Vincenzo Sangiovanni Antonio Schiano Antonio Sciambra Gaetano Scifo Filomena Simeone Annarita Sullo Pierluigi Tarquini Paolo Tundo Alfredo Vallone | 2016 | World Journal of Hepatology2016，8，22： | 1 |
| 11 | Impact of chronic liver disease on SARS-CoV-2 infection outcomes:Roles of stage,etiology and vaccination显示文摘Since the first identification in December of 2019 and the fast spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2)infection,it has represented a dramatic global public health concern.Though affecting mainly the respiratory system,SARS-CoV-2 disease,defined as coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19),may have a systemic involvement leading to multiple organ dysfunction.Experimental evidence about the SARS-CoV-2 tropism for the liver and the increasing of hepatic cytolysis enzymes during infection support the presence of a pathophysiological relationship between liver and SARS-CoV-2.On the other side,patients with chronic liver disease have been demonstrated to have a poor prognosis with COVID-19.In particular,patients with liver cirrhosis appear extremely vulnerable to infection.Moreover,the etiology of liver disease and the vaccination status could affect the COVID-19 outcomes.This review analyzes the impact of the disease stage and the related causes on morbidity and mortality,clinical outcomes during SARS-CoV-2 infection,as well as the efficacy of vaccination in patients with chronic liver disease. | Riccardo Nevola Livio Criscuolo Domenico Beccia Augusto Delle Femine Rachele Ruocco Simona Imbriani Maria Alfano Angela Villani Antonio Russo Pasquale Perillo Raffaele Marfella Luigi Elio Adinolfi Ferdinando Carlo Sasso Aldo Marrone Luca Rinaldi | 2023 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2023，29，5： | 0 |
| 12 | Pregnancy-related psychopathology:A comparison between pre-COVID-19 and COVID-19–related social restriction periods显示文摘BACKGROUND The coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19)pandemic impacted in a still undefined way pregnant women’s mental health.There are reports of mood and affect changes in the general population and the suggestion that similar changes occur also in the pregnant population.The greater vulnerability of women during the COVID-19 restriction period may translate into a greater risk for mental disorders in the gestational period.We hypothesised that pregnant women in the prepandemic period would have less psychopathology and more psychological support than pregnant women during the pandemic restriction period.AIM To compare pregnant women for anxiety,prenatal depression,psychopathology,and social support before and after the awareness of the pandemic.METHODSWe administered to women willing to participate in their 2nd-3rd trimesters of pregnancy theEdinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale(EPDS),the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Form Y(STAI-Y),and the Symptom CheckList-90-Revised(SCL-90R);we further collected sociodemographicvariables and explored women’s social support.The comparison was cross-sectional.The firstsample was termed nonCOVID-19 because data were gathered before the COVID-19 outbreak(January 2020-February 2020)was declared,and the second sample termed COVID-19 becauseparticipants were already subjected to the COVID-19-related restrictive measures(January 2021-February 2021).Since normal distribution was not met(Shapiro-Wilk test applied),we appliednonparametric Mann-Whitney’s U-test to compare psychometric tests.Ethical standards were met.RESULTSThe nonCOVID-19 group reported higher support from partners only,while the COVID-19 groupreported multiple support(χ^(2)=9.7181;P=0.021);the nonCOVID-19 group scored higher than theCOVID-19 group only on state anxiety among psychometric scales[STAI-Y1,nonCOVID-19median=39(95%CI:39.19-51.10)vs COVID-19 median=32(95%CI:30.83-38.90);Mann-Whitney’sU=117.5,P=0.00596].Other measures did not differ meaningfully between the two groups.Scoreson the EPDS,the state and trait subscales of the STAI-Y,and most SCL-90R subscales intercorrelatedwith one another.The anxiety component of the EPDS,EPDS-3A,correlated poorlywith other measures,while it was the Global Symptom Index of the SCL-90-R that correlated moststrongly with most measures.Our results are at odds with most literature and do not confirmincreased depression and anxiety rates in pregnant women during the pandemic.CONCLUSIONThe ability of pregnant women to deal with novel generalised threats involves mobilization ofinner resources.Increasing sources of social support may have produced anxiolysis in the COVID-19 sample. | Daniela Chieffo Carla Avallone Annamaria Serio Georgios Demetrios Kotzalidis Marta Balocchi Ilaria De Luca Daniele Hirsch Angela Gonsalez del Castillo Pierluigi Lanzotti Giuseppe Marano Lucio Rinaldi Antonio Lanzone Eugenio Mercuri Marianna Mazza Gabriele Sani | 2022 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2022，10，19： | 0 |
| 13 | 从科学中拯救时间显示文摘当我第一次感到攻读博士学位扭曲了自己的时间观念时,是在几年前的一个寒冷的秋日。早上8点30分,我便开始工作。到了晚上8点,几乎所有人都走了,我还在办公室里。我还有很多工作要做,我很不情愿地打电话给自己的另一半,告诉她我不能回家吃晚饭了。当我终于在午夜时分回家的时候,走在黑暗、空荡荡的走廊里,穿过空无一人的大学广场. | Luca Rinaldi 倪伟波(译) | 2018 | 科学新闻2018，20，12： | 0 |
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