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| 1 | Optimized design and test for a pendulum suspension of the crop spray boom in dynamic conditions based on a six DOF motion simulator显示文摘Spray deposit distribution from a field sprayer is mainly affected by the boom movements when the tractor is driven over a rough soil surface,the pendulum suspension that used to reduce and control the movement of spray boom by isolating the boom from vibrations of the tractor will directly enhance uniform deposition of chemicals.However,how to match the parameters of the suspension with the properties of the boom is the key problem.The dynamic rigid-flexible coupling model of the virtual prototype of the spray boom suspension system was established by using ADAMS and ABAQUS software.An optimization of the suspension parameters for a large spay boom was carried out based on the optimal Latin hypercube design,radial basis function neural network,and multi-objective genetic algorithm NSGA-II.After modified parameters of the suspension,the travel of the sprayer on a typical field motion track was simulated based on a six DOF motion simulator,and the dynamic behavior of the boom suspension was measured.The results show that RMS of the measured boom roll angle and the boom center displacement for optimized solution were reduced by 14.76%and 12.43%compared with the original suspension.Finally,the inertial measurement unit(IMU)was used to measure the movements of the sprayer vehicle during the pesticide application on the Hongze Lake Farm,the experiment of field condition reproduced by using the six DOF motion simulator,the standard deviation of the roll angle and vibration displacement for the optimized sprayer boom are only 0.6382°and 62.279 mm respectively.The research provides theoretical basis and experimental method for parameter optimization of large scale boom suspension. | Longfei Cui Hanping Mao Xinyu Xue Suming Ding Baiyu Qiao | 2018 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2018，11，3： | 9 |
| 2 | Nondestructive diagnostics of soluble sugar,total nitrogen and their ratio of tomato leaves in greenhouse by polarized spectra-hyperspectral data fusion显示文摘Polarized spectra-hyperspectral data fusion technique was used to estimate the soluble sugar(SS),total nitrogen(N),and their ratio(SS/N),of greenhouse tomato leaves.Fresh tomato leaves of five different growth stages(seedling,flowering,initial fruiting,mid-fruiting and picking stage)and five different nitrogen treatments(severe stress 25%,moderate stress 50%,mild stress 75%,normal 100%,and excess 150%)at every stage were collected for spectra acquisition and SS and N determination.Polarized reflectance spectra were acquired with a polarization reflectance spectrum spectro-goniophotometer system and four polarization degree features were extracted.Hyperspectral data were collected with a hyperspectral imaging system and four reflectance spectrum features and eight image features were extracted.Initially,models were built with polarization degree features,image features,and spectral features respectively.Linear and nonlinear fusion methods were comparatively used for modeling based on normalized data of the three sources.The results suggest that the performances of SS/N models are better than those of N and SS models,and the prediction capability of the Support Vector Machine(SVM)models of N and SS/N are superior to those obtained with single kind feature.This work indicates that the polarized spectrum-hyperspectral multidimensional information detecting method can feasibly judge the tomato nutrient stress conditions.Multi-features data fusion analysis technique can enhance the prediction accuracy of spectral diagnostics technology in precision agriculture. | Wenjing Zhu Jinyang Li Lin Li Aichen Wang Xinhua Wei Hanping Mao | 2020 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2020，13，2： | 5 |
| 3 | Design and experiment of electro hydraulic active suspension for controlling the rolling motion of spray boom显示文摘Boom sprayer is one of the most commonly used plant protection machinery for spraying pesticide.Studies have shown that the efficiency of chemicals is highly correlated with the uniformity of spray distribution patterns.As the boom is a large and flexible structure,boom rolling leads to overlapping and leakage of the pesticides.In order to improve spray uniformity,the boom attitude should be kept parallel to the ground slope or to the crop canopy beneath the boom.Passive suspension can attenuate frequencies above its resonance frequency,but nothing can be done to align the boom to the sloping ground.Therefore,an active suspension system is designed,which includes DSP-based controller,a servo valve,a hydraulic cylinder,two ultrasonic sensors,one inertial attitude sensor,and the developed control procedures.In order to prevent the wrong response of the control system caused by the high frequency component due to uneven crop canopy or rough ground.A special signal processing algorithm was proposed,including the limiting filter,smoothing algorithm and data fusion algorithm based on optimal weight.The transient and steady-state performances of the boom control system using velocity feedforward PID algorithm were tested on a six DOF motion simulator.It can be seen that the low-frequency tracking performance of the boom was greatly improved after the electro-hydraulic active suspension was added.At the resonance frequency,the peak angle of active suspension and passive suspensions are 0.72°and 1.29°respectively,and the resonance peak is greatly reduced.The controller was implemented on a self-propelled boom sprayer and validated under field conditions,the standard deviation of the roll angle of the boom with active suspension is 0.40°,compared with 1.04°of the sprayer chassis.Experimental results show that the active suspension control system can effectively reduce the effect of ground excitation disturbance on the application process,and has good tracking performance for low frequency terrain change. | Longfei Cui Xinyu Xue Feixiang Le Hanping Mao Suming Ding | 2019 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2019，12，4： | 3 |
| 4 | Identification of pesticide residue level in lettuce based on hyperspectra and chlorophyll fluorescence spectra显示文摘Fast identification of pesticide residue level in lettuce leaves plays a key role in the test of food safety.In order to identify the different concentrations pesticide residues of lettuce leaves in a fast and nondestructive way,the hyperspectra coupled with chlorophyll fluorescence spectra was used in this research.Transmission electron microscopy(TEM)was used to identify the microstructure changes of lettuce leaves under different concentrations of dimethoate residue.Besides,a method involving wavelet transform and MD-MCCV algorithm(WT-MD-MCCV)was developed for identifying the optimal wavelengths of the spectral data.The hyperspectra and chlorophyll fluorescence spectra data of 150 lettuce leaf samples at five different concentrations of pesticide residues were obtained using hyperspectral data acquisition device and Cary Eclipse Fluorescence Spectrophotometer.The combination of Savitzky-Golay(SG)algorithm and SNV algorithm(SG-SNV)preprocessing algorithms was used to preprocess the raw spectra.In addition,Principal Component Analysis(PCA),Successive Projections Algorithm(SPA)and wavelet transform coupled to MD-MCCV algorithm(WT-MD-MCCV)were applied to identify the optimal wavelengths of raw spectra including hyperspectra data,chlorophyll fluorescence spectra data and hyperspectra coupled with chlorophyll fluorescence spectra data.Support vector regression(SVR)was applied to build the prediction models based on preprocessed spectra feature in characteristic wavelengths coupled with different spectral data.The results showed that with the increase of the concentration of dimethoate pesticide spraying,lettuce chloroplast number of osmiophilic particles increased and the starch granules decreased.Besides,the intercellular space of lettuce leaves increased gradually,with the increase of dimethoate concentration.Different concentrations of pesticide residues of lettuce in the near infrared and fluorescence spectrum have a certain difference.In addition,the related parameters of the three preferably prediction models were Rp 2=0.956 and RMSEP=0.018,Rp 2=0.937 and RMSEP=0.161,Rp 2=0.987 and RMSEP=0.005,respectively,using WT-MD-MCCV algorithm combined with hyperspectra data,chlorophyll fluorescence spectra data and hyperspectra coupled to chlorophyll fluorescence spectra data.WT-MD-MCCV algorithm combined with hyperspectra and chlorophyll fluorescence spectra data performed best among the nine SVR models and the hyperspectra coupled with chlorophyll fluorescence spectra can be used to identify the pesticide residue level in lettuce leaves. | Sun Jun Zhou Xin Mao Hanping Wu Xiaohong Zhang Xiaodong Gao Hongyan | 2016 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2016，9，6： | 2 |
| 5 | Separation-enrichment method for airborne disease spores based on microfluidic chip显示文摘Airborne diseases are likely to cause crop yield reduction,which has aroused widespread concern.In this study,a two-stage separation-enrichment structure microfluidic chip with a compound field for separation and enrichment of the greenhouse crops airborne disease spores directly from gas flow was developed.The chip is mainly composed of three parts:arc structure pretreatment channel,semicircular electrode structure and collection tank.COMSOL 5.1 software was used to simulate the designed microfluidic chip.30μm particles were used to represent P.xanthii spores,25μm particles were used to represent P.cubensis spores,and 16μm particles were used to represent B.cinerea spores.The simulation results showed that the separation and enrichment efficiency of 16μm particles,25μm particles,and 30μm particles was 88%,91%,and 94%,respectively.The experimental verification results were observed under a microscope.The results showed that the separation and enrichment efficiency of B.cinereal spores,P.cubensis spores and P.xanthii spores was 75.7%,83.8%and 89.4%,respectively.As a result,the designed microfluidic chip can be used to separate and enrich the spores of airborne diseases of greenhouse crops,which can provide a basis for the research of real-time monitoring technology for greenhouse airborne diseases. | Yafei Wang Xiaodong Zhang Ning Yang Guoxin Ma Xiaoxue Du Hanping Mao | 2021 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2021，14，5： | 1 |
| 6 | Effects of daily light integral on tomato(Solanum lycopersicon L.)grafting and quality in a controlled environment显示文摘As the source of energy and biological signals,light can influence the healing process of grafted seedlings by regulating the synthesis of the endogenous hormone,regeneration of wound-healing tissue,and connection of vascular tissue in grafted seedlings.The effect of daily light integral(DLI)on the healing process and seedling quality of tomato(Solanum lycopersicum L.)was analyzed in this study,with the comparison of grafted seedlings treated in dark for 7 d after grafting.The results showed that the height increment of scion and rootstock,adhesion of graft union,stem flow,total chlorophyll content,and net photosynthesis rate increased gradually with increasing light intensity,and no longer increased significantly when the DLI was higher than 5.04 mol/m^(2)·d.The contents of auxin(IAA)and gibberellin(GA)in tomato leaves increased and abscisic acid(ABA)decreased with the increase of DLI.However,there was no significant difference between the treatments with DLI higher than 6.48 mol/m^(2)·d.Both the biomass and energy use efficiency(EUE)of grafted seedlings increased with DLI in a certain range and then decreased.The biomass was the largest when DLI was 5.04 mol/m^(2)·d.However,EUE was highest when DLI was 7.46 mol/m^(2)·d.In conclusion,a suitable DLI is beneficial to cultivate high-quality grafted tomato seedlings,and increasing DLI within a certain range can promote biomass accumulation,connection of vascular tissue,and endogenous hormone biosynthesis in tomato grafted seedlings during the healing period.The lighting environment with DLI of 5.04 mol/m^(2)·d(light intensity of 100μmol/m^(2)·s and light time of 14 h/d)is recommended for the healing treatment in high-quality production,which also improves EUE during the healing period of tomato grafted seedlings. | Jinxiu Song Yulong Fan Xingqun Li Yuzhu Li Hanping Mao Zhiyu Zuo Zhirong Zou | 2022 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2022，15，6： | 1 |
| 7 | Diagnosis and detection of phosphorus nutrition level for Solarium lycopersicumbased on electrical impedance spectroscopy显示文摘 | LI Meiqing LI Jinyang MAO Hanping | 2016 | Biosystems Engineering2016，143，1： | 1 |
| 8 | Fusion algorithm for multi-sensor images based on PCA and lifting wavelet transform显示文摘 | Li Mingxi Mao Hanping Zhang Yaneheng | 2007 | New Zealand Journal of Agricultural Research2007，50，5： | 1 |
| 9 | Review of applying X-ray computed tomography for imaging soil-root physical and biological processes显示文摘Root growth process in soils has long been a matter of interest to soil and plant scientists.However the opaque nature of the soil has been a barrier to most research attempts aimed at unraveling the full root-soil processes.The traditional method of separating the roots from the growth media which is common practice tends to be destructive and defeats the purpose of such studies.It is ineffective in monitoring the interactions within the soil medium and as a result,a fast non-destructive technique is preferred.However,with computing and technological advancements,X-ray computed tomography(CT)has been found to be capable of meeting this need by imaging the processes which are of interest to researchers.Over the past three-four decades,the applications of the technology for imaging soil-root studies have attracted the researchers’widespread interests and the future looks more promising.The purpose of this review is to present an overview of CT applications in imaging root-soil processes.The main focus is on the use of soil-root interface researches and the way forward for such non-destructive analyses. | Francis Kumi Mao Hanping Hu Jianping Ikram Ullah | 2015 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2015，8，5： | 1 |
| 10 | CFD simulation of sucrose flow field in the stem of greenhouse tomato seedling显示文摘Sucrose is the main constituent of assimilation transport from source to sink.In order to study the transport mechanism of sucrose,the sucrose at stem was taken as a research object and the sucrose flow field in tomato stem was analyzed using CFD ANSYS FLUENT simulation.The results showed that the sucrose pressure distribution was lower at bottom node and higher at middle node.The velocity of sucrose at different nodes was higher at the bottom node and lower at middle node and assimilation flow direction of the first,second,and third leaf from the bottom was towards the roots.The result of verification experiment showed that sucrose content measured at different nodes was higher at middle node than that of bottom node.Results of this study confirmed that ANASYS FLUENT can better simulate sucrose migration in greenhouse tomato stem.This study provides a new method for studying the partitioning mechanism of tomato assimilates in greenhouse. | Jiheng Ni Jingtao Dong Ikram Ullah Hanping Mao | 2022 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2022，15，1： | 0 |
| 11 | 植物生长调节剂通过克隆整合对空心莲子草顶端和基部生长的不同作用显示文摘入侵植物不仅对全球生物多样性造成了巨大的威胁,同时也严重影响了农业生产与粮食安全。克隆整合使得相连植株进行资源共享,能促进入侵植物的生长从而获得优势。然而,入侵杂草在植物调节剂(plant growth regulators,PGRs)影响下的克隆整合作用则很少有报道。PGRs被广泛应用于农作物生产上,并能通过土壤淋溶、侵蚀和径流作用,影响分布在作物附近的农田杂草的生长。本研究采用两种PGRs赤霉素(gibberellins,GA)和多效唑(paclobutrazol,PAC)处理恶性入侵杂草空心莲子草(Alternanthera philoxeroides)基端,并保持或者通过剪切达到控制基端与顶端的连通,从而探究克隆整合作用在空心莲子草响应两种农业常用PGRs中的作用。研究结果表明,GA和PAC对空心莲子草生长的作用相反。GA通过克隆整合作用显著促进顶端植株的地上生长。相反地,PAC显著抑制基端和顶端的地上生长,但是能够通过克隆整合作用显著促进基端和顶端的地下生长。这些研究结果解释了克隆整合作用能促进PGRs对空心莲子草生长的促进作用,这很可能是外来杂草能够成功入侵人为干扰较多的农业生态系统的重要原因之一。 | Shanshan Qi Susan Rutherford Furong He Bi-Cheng Dong Bin Zhu Zhicong Dai Weiguo Fu Hanping Mao Daolin Du | 2022 | Journal of Plant Ecology2022，15，3： | 0 |
| 12 | Recognition of weeds at asparagus fields using multi-feature fusion and backpropagation neural network显示文摘In order to solve the problem of low recognition rates of weeds by a single feature,a method was proposed in this study to identify weeds in Asparagus(Asparagus officinalis L.)field using multi-feature fusion and backpropagation neural network(BPNN).A total of 382 images of weeds competing with asparagus growth were collected,including 135 of Cirsium arvense(L.)Scop.,138 of Conyza sumatrensis(Retz.)E.Walker,and 109 of Calystegia hederacea Wall.The grayscale images were extracted from the RGB images of weeds using the 2G-R-B factor.Threshold segmentation of the grayscale image of weeds was applied using Otsu method.Then the internal holes of the leaves were filled through the expansion and corrosion morphological operations,and other interference targets were removed to obtain the binary image.The foreground image was obtained by masking the binary image and the RGB image.Then,the color moment algorithm was used to extract weeds color feature,the gray level co-occurrence matrix and the Local Binary Pattern(LBP)algorithm was used to extract weeds texture features,and seven Hu invariant moment features and the roundness and slenderness ratio of weeds were extracted as their shape features.According to the shape,color,texture,and fusion features of the test samples,a weed identification model was built.The test results showed that the recognition rate of Cirsium arvense(L.)Scop.,Calystegia hederacea Wall.and Conyza sumatrensis(Retz.)E.Walker were 82.72%(color feature),72.41%(shape feature),86.73%(texture feature)and 93.51%(fusion feature),respectively.Therefore,this method can provide a reference for the study of weeds identification in the asparagus field. | Yafei Wang Xiaodong Zhang Guoxin Ma Xiaoxue Du Naila Shaheen Hanping Mao | 2021 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2021，14，4： | 0 |
| 13 | Highly sensitive detection of daminozide using terahertz metamaterial sensors显示文摘In order to solve the problems of low sensitivity and complex sample pretreatment in traditional detection,a method was proposed in this study to detect daminozide using terahertz combined with a metamaterial sensor,which enables real-time and label-free molecular detection with high sensitivity.The correlation between the transmission frequency shift and absorbance of daminozide solution at different concentrations was analyzed.The simulation and experimental results showed that this metamaterial sensor could achieve highly sensitive sensing of daminozide solutions at 0.05 mg/L.The maximum quality factor(Q_(max))of the two peaks could reach 5.78 and 13.05,and the maximum figure of merit(FOM)of the two peaks can reach 0.82 and 1.72.The maximum sensitivity of two resonance peaks reached 38.148 GHz/(mg·L)and 133.516 GHz/(mg·L)when the concentration of daminozide in the solution was 2000 mg/L.There was an obvious positive correlation between the transmission and transmission,frequency shift and frequency shift,and absorbance and absorbance of the resonance peak of daminozide solutions.Therefore,this platform not only opens up new possibilities for the microanalysis of the chemical composition of substances in solutions but also provides a valuable reference for the design of other metamaterial-based sensors in the field of food safety. | Hanping Mao Xiaoxue Du Yuting Yan Xiaodong Zhang Guoxin Ma Yafei Wang Yong Liu Bin Wang Xiaoyue Yang Qiang Shi | 2022 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2022，15，6： | 0 |
| 14 | Effects of nutrient solution irrigation quantity and powdery mildew infection on the growth and physiological parameters of greenhouse cucumbers显示文摘For important economic crops such as cucumbers,abiotic and biotic stress conditions have had an adverse effect.This study aimed to observe the effects of water stress and powdery mildew stress on cucumber plants.Biotic stress at two levels,B0(no powdery mildew stress)and B1(powdery mildew stress)with three fertigation requirement levels(T1:Full fertigation,T2:Moderate nutrient solution deficit,T3:Severe nutrient solution deficit).Therefore,set up six treatments of B0T1,B1T2,B0T3,B1T1,B1T2,and B1T3.Leaf gas-exchange parameter first decreases and then increases under B1T1,B1T2,and B1T2.The leaf gas exchange parameter was significantly decreased under B0T2 and B0T3.Compared to the control experiment(CK,B0T1:no disease infestation and full irrigation),the plant height of cucumber decreased by 7.55%,10.62%,15.28%,23.27%,and 35.16%,respectively,under B0T2,B0T3,B1T1,B1T2 and B1T3;the stem diameter of cucumber decreased by 9.46%,15.74%,5.47%,13.45%,and 23.72%,respectively,under B0T2,B0T3,B1T1,B1T2,and B1T3;the leaf area of cucumber decreased by 13.76%,29.96%,13.43%,38.21%,and 66.83%,respectively,under B0T2,B0T3,B1T1,B1T2,and B1T3.The root-shoot ratio of cucumber was 3.92%,3.13%,3.63%,3.84%,4.41%,and 3.82%,respectively,under the B0T1,B0T2,B0T3,B1T1,B1T2,and B1T3.Therefore,this study can provide a basis for the research on greenhouse environmental control and cucumber cultivation management. | Hanping Mao Yafei Wang Ning Yang Yong Liu Xiaodong Zhang | 2022 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2022，15，2： | 0 |
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