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| 1 | Are faecal markers good indicators of mucosal healing in inflammatory bowel disease?显示文摘AIM: To review the published literature concerning the accuracy of faecal inflammatory markers for identifying mucosal healing. METHODS: Bibliographical searches were performed in MEDLINE electronic database up to February 2015,using the following terms: 'inflammatory bowel disease','Crohn′s disease','ulcerative colitis','faecal markers','calprotectin','lactoferrin','S100A12','endoscop*','mucosal healing','remission'. In addition,relevant references from these studies were also included. Data were extracted from the published papers including odds ratios with 95%CI,P values and correlation coefficients. Data were grouped together according to each faecal marker,Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis,and paediatric compared with adult study populations. Studies included in this review assessed mucosal inflammation by endoscopic and/or histological means and compared these findings to faecal marker concentrations in inflammatory bowel diseases(IBD) patient cohorts. Articles had to be published between 1990 and February 2015 and written in English. Papers excluded from the review were those where the faecal biomarker concentration was compared between patients with IBD and controls or other disease groups,those where serum biomarkers were used,those with a heterogeneous study population and those only assessing post-operative disease. RESULTS: The available studies show that faecal markers,such as calprotectin and lactoferrin,are promising non-invasive indicators of mucosal healing. However,due to wide variability in study design,especially with regard to the definition of mucosal healing and evaluation of marker cut offs,the available data do not yet indicate the optimal roles of these markers. Thirty-six studies published between 1990 and 2014 were included. Studies comprised variable numbers of study participants,considered CD(15-164 participants) or UC(12-152 participants) separately or as a combined group(11-252 participants). Eight reports included paediatric patients. Several indices were used to document mucosal inflammation,encompassing elevenendoscopic and eight histologic grading systems. The majority of the available reports focused on faecal calprotectin(33 studies),whilst others assessed faecal lactoferrin(13 studies) and one study assessed S100A12. Across all of the biomarkers,there is a wide range of correlation describing the association between faecal markers and endoscopic disease activity(r values ranging from 0.32 to 0.87,P values ranging from < 0.0001 to 0.7815). Correlation coefficients are described in almost all studies and are used more commonly than outcome measures such as sensitivity,specificity,PPV and/or NPV. Overall,the studies that have evaluated faecal calprotectin and/or faecal lactoferrin and their relationship with endoscopic disease activity show inconsistent results. CONCLUSION: Future studies should report the results of faecal inflammatory markers in the context of mucosal healing with clear validated cut offs. | Gudula JAM Boon Andrew S Day Chris J Mulder Richard B Gearry | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，40： | 4 |
| 2 | Tribological properties of nanoscale alumina-zirconia composites显示文摘 | Kerkwijk B Mulder E J | 1999 | Wear1999，，： | 1 |
| 3 | Biodiversity and ecosystem servic- es: A multi-scale empirical study of the relationship between spe- cies richness and net primary production显示文摘 | Costanza R Fisher B Mulder K | 2007 | Economical econom- ics2007，61，2： | 1 |
| 4 | Aluminum chemistry in a forested Spodosol显示文摘 | Driscoll C T Van B N Mulder J | 1985 | Soil Sci Soc Am J1985，49，： | 1 |
| 5 | Separation of a toluene/ethanol mixture by pervaporation using active carbon-filled polymeric membranes显示文摘 | DUVAL J M FOLKERS B MULDER M H V | 1994 | Separation Science&Technology1994，29，3： | 1 |
| 6 | Endothelial cell density after posterior lamellar keratoplasty (Melles techniques):3 years follow-up显示文摘 | Van Dooren B Mulder PG Nieuwendaal CP | 2004 | J Ophthalmol2004，138，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Freeze-dried Poly (d, 1-lactic acid) Macro Porous Guidance Scaffolds Impregnated with Brain-derived Neurotrophic Factor in the Transected Adult Rat Thoracic Spinal Cord显示文摘 | Patist C M Mulder M B Gautier S E | 2004 | Biomaterials2004，25，： | 1 |
| 8 | Processing of Homogeneous Zireonia Resist ance 显示文摘 | Kerkwijk B Winnuhst L Mulder E J | 1999 | Journal of the American Ceramic Society1999，82，8： | 1 |
| 9 | Management of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension due to congenital heart disease: recent advances and future directions显示文摘 | Blok IM van Riel AC Mulder B J | 2015 | Expert Rev Cardiovasc Ther2015，13，12： | 1 |
| 10 | Anaerobic oxidation of ammonium is a biologically mediated process 显示文摘 | DRAAF A A MULDER A PETER DE B | 1955 | Appl Environ Microbiol1955，61，4： | 1 |
| 11 | Numerical responses of different trophic groups of invertebrates to manipulations of plant diversity in grasslands 显示文摘 | Koricheva J Mulder C P H Schmid B | 2000 | Oecologia2000，125，： | 1 |
| 12 | Modelling the impact of alternative HIV intervention strategies in rural Uganda显示文摘 | Robinson NJ Mulder DW Auvert B | 1995 | AIDS1995，9，： | 1 |
| 13 | Acidic deposition and inter- nal proton source in acidification of soil and water 显示文摘 | Van B Driscoll N Mulder J | 1984 | Nature1984，307，： | 1 |
| 14 | Molecular therapy in myotonic dystrophy:focus on RNA gain-of-function显示文摘 | Mulders S van Engelen B Wieringa B | 2010 | Human Molecular Genetics2010，19，： | 1 |
| 15 | Apoptosis induced by extracellular ATP in the mouse neuroblastoma cell line N1E-115:studies on involvement of P2 receptors and adenosine显示文摘 | Schrier S M Florea B I Mulder G J | 2002 | Biochem Pharmacol2002，63，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Vacutainer cpt and ficoll density gradient separation perform equivalently in maintaining the uality and function of PBMC from HIV seropositive blood samples 显示文摘 | Ruitenberg J J Mulder C B Maino V C | 2006 | BMC Immunol2006，7，1： | 1 |
| 17 | The derivatisation of avermectins and milbemycins in milk: new insights and improvement of the procedure显示文摘 | BERENDSEN B J A MULDER P P J van RHIJN H J A | 2007 | Analytica Chimica Acta2007，585，1： | 1 |
| 18 | Carbonic anhy-drase IX in renal cell carcinoma: implications for prognosis, di-agnosis, and therapy显示文摘 | Stillebroer A B Mulders P F Boerman 〇 C | 2010 | Eur Urol2010，58，1： | 1 |
| 19 | Measuring apoptosis in human spermatozoa: a biological assay for semen quality? 显示文摘 | Oosterhuis G J Mulder A B Kalsbeek-Batenburg E | 2000 | Fertil Steril2000，74，2： | 1 |
| 20 | Functional recoveery of gait and joint kinematics after right hemispheec stroke显示文摘 | Huitema R B Hof At L Mulder T | 2004 | Arch Phys Med Rehabil2004，85，12： | 1 |
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