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| 1 | Crop photosynthetic response to light quality and light intensity显示文摘Under natural conditions, plants constantly encounter various biotic and abiotic factors, which can potentially restrict plant growth and development and even limit crop productivity. Among various abiotic factors affecting plant photosynthesis, light serves as an important factor that drives carbon metabolism in plants and supports life on earth. The two components of light(light quality and light intensity) greatly affect plant photosynthesis and other plant's morphological, physiological and biochemical parameters. The response of plants to different spectral radiations and intensities differs in various species and also depends on growing conditions. To date, much research has been conducted regarding how different spectral radiations of varying intensity can affect plant growth and development. This review is an effort to briefly summarize the available information on the effects of light components on various plant parameters such as stem and leaf morphology and anatomy, stomatal development, photosynthetic apparatus, pigment composition, reactive oxygen species(ROS) production, antioxidants, and hormone production. | Iram SHAFIQ Sajad HUSSAIN Muhammad Ali RAZA Nasir IQBAL Muhammad Ahsan ASGHAR Ali RAZA FAN Yuan-fang Maryam MUMTAZ Muhammad SHOAIB Muhammad ANSAR Abdul MANAF YANG Wen-yu YANG Feng | 2021 | Journal of Integrative Agriculture2021，20，1： | 16 |
| 2 | Text Sentiment Analysis Using Frequency-Based Vigorous Features显示文摘Sentiment Analysis, an un-abating research area in text mining, requires a computational method for extracting useful information from text. In recent days, social media has become a really rich source to get information about the behavioral state of people(opinion) through reviews and comments. Numerous techniques have been aimed to analyze the sentiment of the text, however, they were unable to come up to the complexity of the sentiments. The complexity requires novel approach for deep analysis of sentiments for more accurate prediction. This research presents a three-step Sentiment Analysis and Prediction(SAP) solution of Text Trend through K-Nearest Neighbor(KNN). At first, sentences are transformed into tokens and stop words are removed. Secondly, polarity of the sentence, paragraph and text is calculated through contributing weighted words, intensity clauses and sentiment shifters. The resulting features extracted in this step played significant role to improve the results. Finally, the trend of the input text has been predicted using KNN classifier based on extracted features. The training and testing of the model has been performed on publically available datasets of twitter and movie reviews. Experiments results illustrated the satisfactory improvement as compared to existing solutions. In addition, GUI(Hello World) based text analysis framework has been designed to perform the text analytics. | Abdul Razzaq Muhammad Asim Zulqrnain Ali Salman Qadri Imran Mumtaz Dost Muhammad Khan Qasim Niaz | 2019 | China Communications2019，16，12： | 2 |
| 3 | Selection of suitable site in Pakistan for wind power plant installation using analytic hierarchy process(AHP)显示文摘Rise in environmental pollution is a critical problem faced by mankind today.Many interventions have been made to reduce the carbon emissions and other greenhouse gases.Interventions,such as the introduction of electric cars,and innovative techniques to harness energy from renewable sources have been implemented.Pakistan is also very focused on exploiting its renewable energy sources and many sources have been identified.Wind energy is considered to have a promising potential and numerous sites have been identified for installation of wind farms.In this paper,we have collected data for the sites with the capacity factor(key determinant of value of power plant)of 25%or above for 600 kW wind turbine and applied Multi-Criteria Decision Method to find the most suitable to least suitable site for the installation of wind farm with respect to different factors/criteria.Analytic Hierarchy Process is used to evaluate four potential sites based on the criteria of wind speed(m/s),wind power density(W/m^(2)),distance from grid station(km),capacity factor,transport cost and population density.Results show that the preference of site largely depends on the average annual wind speed and wind power density.Our study is helpful for government as they verify the findings of Pakistan Meteorological Department but with different approach. | Yousaf Ali Masab Butt Muhammad sabir Ubaidullah Mumtaz Aneel Salman | 2018 | Journal of Control and Decision2018，5，2： | 1 |
| 4 | 基于加权关联网络分析的辣椒(Capsicum annuum L.)果实颜色转变相关基因的鉴定显示文摘辣椒属于茄科(Solanaceae)辣椒属(Capsicum L.)一年生或多年生植物,其播种面积和产值在中国均居蔬菜首位。果色是辣椒众多经济性状中最直观的性状之一,直接影响人们的购买选择。辣椒果色受多种因素调控,相关色素生物合成的分子调控还需进一步解析。本研究以果实发育过程中呈现5种颜色的辣椒种质HNCA0076为实验材料,进行了生理检测、转录组测序以及WGCNA分析。在果实5个不同颜色时期,叶绿素含量变化较大,类胡萝卜素含量整体呈现递增趋势,类黄酮含量无明显变化,花色苷含量在紫色果期后逐渐降低,橙色果期后又逐渐升高。RNA测序数据质量满足进一步分析要求。4个转色期的上调(下调)表达基因数分别为826(276)、390(588)、1248(1800)和1528(2485),随着果实的逐步发育,相邻比较组合中的差异基因的数量逐渐增加。差异表达基因经GO富集分析,主要集中在分子功能中的四吡咯结合、血红素结合、转移酶活性、氧化还原酶活性、铁离子结合和水解酶活性等过程;KEGG富集分析主要富集在类胡萝卜素生物合成、类黄酮生物合成和淀粉、蔗糖代谢等信号通路,其中类胡萝卜素代谢途径的3个基因在紫色时期向黄色时期的转变过程中表达上调,类黄酮代谢途径的11个基因在黄色时期向红色时期的转变过程中表达下调。4个对比组合差异基因分别注释到8877、8736、8689、8573个转录因子,共同注释到8049个转录因子,包括AP2、F-box、MYB和UDPGT等类型。利用非冗余的差异表达基因进行了加权关联网络分析,关联到4个与叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、花色苷、类黄酮含量相关的模块,进一步分析表明p450(LOC107859314)、Pkinase(LOC107839192、LOC107875415)、F-box(LOC107863894)和zf-MYND(LOC107852593)等29个转录因子可能参与辣椒果实转色的调控。本研究为进一步探索辣椒果实色素形成过程中的关键调控因子以及分析相关色素生物合成的调控提供了重要数据。 | 金威恒 MUMTAZ Muhammad Ali 何成尧 夏禹 郝园园 李彩朝 汪志伟 | 2022 | 热带作物学报2022，43，6： | 1 |
| 5 | Effect of shading on ascorbic acid accumulation and biosynthetic gene expression during tomato fruit development and ripening显示文摘The purpose of the current study was to determine the effect of leaf shading,fruit shading,and a combination of both,on the accumulation of ascorbic acid(AsA)and the expression levels of AsA biosynthetic genes at the immature green,mature green,breaker,and red ripe stages of Ailsa craig tomato during fruit development.Shading(72%reducing of light intensity)imposed on the leaves significantly reduced AsA content and AsA biosynthetic gene expression in the fruits.Leaf shading,fruit shading,and a combination of both significantly decreased the amount of total AsA and reduced AsA to a range of 18.5%−31.5%at mature green,breaker,and red ripe stages of tomato fruits,with no significant change at the immature green stage of fruits.Moreover,reducing the light intensity in tomato leaves,fruits or both resulted in reduced expression of most AsA biosynthetic genes in the fruits,except for PMM,cAPX,tAPX,and APX7 genes under leaf shading,GPI,PMI,PMM,GP1,GP2,cAPX,and tAPX genes under fruit shading,and PMM,cAPX,APX1,and APX7 genes under both shading.The expression level of GMP,GP1,and GalDH showed an upregulation at the red ripe stage in fruits with leaf shading,and also an up-regulation at the immature green and red ripe stages with both shading.Furthermore,positive correlations between expression of AsA biosynthetic genes and AsA accumulation were recorded under leaf shading,fruit shading,and both types of shading,while a negative correlation was recorded under normal conditions without shading. | Safir Ahmad Tamim Fangman Li Ying Wang Lele Shang Xingyu Zhang Jinbao Tao Yaru Wang Wenxian Gai Haiqiang Dong John Kojo Ahiakpa Muhammad Ali Mumtaz Yuyang Zhang | 2022 | Vegetable Research2022，2，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Terrorist attacks in the largest metropolitan city of Pakistan: Profile of soft tissue and skeletal injuries from a single trauma center显示文摘BACKGROUND: Pakistan has been hugely struck with massive bomb explosions(car and suicide bombs) resulting in multiple casualties in the past few years. The aim of this study is to present the patterns of skeletal and soft tissue injuries and to review the outcome of the victims who presented to our hospital.METHODS: This is a retrospective chart review from January 2008 to December 2012. The medical record numbers of patients were obtained from the hospital Health Information and Management Sciences(HIMS) as per the ICD-9 coding.RESULTS: During the study period, more than 100 suicide and implanted bomb blast attacks took place in the public proceedings, government offices, residential areas and other places of the city. Altogether 262 patients were enrolled in the study. The mean age of the patients was 31±14 years. The shrapnel inflicted wounds were present on to the upper limb in 24 patients and the lower limb in 50.CONCLUSION: Long bone fractures were the most common skeletal injuries. The fractures were complicated by penetrating fragments and nails which result in post operative infections and prolonged hospital stay. | Muhammad Shahid Khan Shahan Waheed Arif Ali Narjis Mumtaz Asher Feroze Shahryar Noordin | 2015 | World Journal of Emergency Medicine2015，6，3： | 0 |
| 7 | Melatonin mitigates cold-induced damage to pepper seedlings by promoting redox homeostasis and regulating antioxidant profiling显示文摘This study assessed the influence of exogenous ME in the mitigation of cold damage in pepper seedlings. Melatonin(ME) is a dynamic molecule that helps plants cope with stress in several ways. Cold stress(CS) is one of the most important environmental factors that restrict plant growth and yield. Pepper(Capsicum annuum L.) is a valuable commercial crop, highly sensitive to CS. Thus, identifying an efficient strategy to mitigate cold damage is critical for long-term pepper production. For this purpose, the roots of pepper seedlings were pretreated with ME(5 μmol · L^(-1)) and exposed to CS for 7 d. The results indicated that CS suppressed pepper growth, hampered photosynthetic capacity, and damaged root architecture in pepper plants. In contrast, the production of reactive oxygen species(ROS), malondialdehyde(MDA), electrolyte leakage(EL), proline, and soluble sugars were enhanced in plants under CS. ME(5 μmol · L^(-1)) pretreatment reduced the negative effects of CS by recovering plant growth, root traits, gas exchange elements, and pigment molecules compared to CS control treatment. Furthermore, ME application efficiently reduced oxidative stress markers [hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2)), superoxide ion(O_(2)^(·-)), EL, and MDA] while increasing proline and soluble sugar content in pepper leaves. ME application combined with CS further increased antioxidant enzymes and related gene expression. Collectively, our results confirmed the mitigating potential of ME supplementation for CS by maintaining pepper seedling growth,improving the photosynthesis apparatus, regulating pigments, and osmolyte content. | Muhammad Ahsan Altaf Yuanyuan Hao Huangying Shu Weiheng Jin Chuhao Chen Lin Li Yu Zhang Muhammad Ali Mumtaz Huizhen Fu Shanhan Cheng Guopeng Zhu Zhiwei Wang | 2024 | Horticultural Plant Journal2024，10，2： | 0 |
| 8 | Enhancing Breast Cancer Diagnosis with Channel-Wise Attention Mechanisms in Deep Learning显示文摘Breast cancer,particularly Invasive Ductal Carcinoma(IDC),is a primary global health concern predominantly affecting women.Early and precise diagnosis is crucial for effective treatment planning.Several AI-based tech-niques for IDC-level classification have been proposed in recent years.Processing speed,memory size,and accuracy can still be improved for better performance.Our study presents ECAM,an Enhanced Channel-Wise Attention Mechanism,using deep learning to analyze histopathological images of Breast Invasive Ductal Carcinoma(BIDC).The main objectives of our study are to enhance computational efficiency using a Separable CNN architecture,improve data representation through hierarchical feature aggregation,and increase accuracy and interpretability with channel-wise attention mechanisms.Utilizing publicly available datasets,DataBioX IDC and the BreakHis,we benchmarked the proposed ECAM model against existing state-of-the-art models:DenseNet121,VGG16,and AlexNet.In the IDC dataset,the model based on AlexNet achieved an accuracy rate of 86.81%and an F1 score of 86.94%.On the other hand,DenseNet121 outperformed with an accuracy of 95.60%and an F1 score of 95.75%.Meanwhile,the VGG16 model achieved an accuracy rate of 91.20%and an F1 score of 90%.Our proposed ECAM model outperformed the state-of-the-art,achieving an impressive F1 score of 96.65%and an accuracy rate of 96.70%.The BreakHis dataset,the AlexNet-based model,achieved an accuracy rate of 90.82%and an F1 score of 90.77%.DenseNet121 achieved a higher accuracy rate of 92.66%with an F1 score of 92.72%,while the VGG16 model achieved an accuracy of 92.60%and an F1 score of 91.31%.The proposed ECAM model again outperformed,achieving an F1 score of 96.37%and an accuracy rate of 96.33%.Our model is a significant advancement in breast cancer diagnosis,with high accuracy and potential as an automated grading,especially for IDC. | Muhammad Mumtaz Ali Faiqa Maqsood Shiqi Liu Weiyan Hou Liying Zhang Zhenfei Wang | 2023 | Computers, Materials & Continua2023，77，12： | 0 |
| 9 | Infectious causes of fever of unknown origin in developing countries: An international ID-IRI study显示文摘Background:Fever of unknown origin(FUO)in developing countries is an important dilemma and further research is needed to elucidate the infectious causes of FUO.Methods:A multi-center study for infectious causes of FUO in lower middle-income countries(LMIC)and lowincome countries(LIC)was conducted between January 1,2018 and January 1,2023.In total,15 participating centers from seven different countries provided the data,which were collected through the Infectious DiseasesInternational Research Initiative platform.Only adult patients with confirmed infection as the cause of FUO were included in the study.The severity parameters were quick Sequential Organ Failure Assessment(qSOFA)≥2,intensive care unit(ICU)admission,vasopressor use,and invasive mechanical ventilation(IMV).Results:A total of 160 patients with infectious FUO were included in the study.Overall,148(92.5%)patients had community-acquired infections and 12(7.5%)had hospital-acquired infections.The most common infectious syndromes were tuberculosis(TB)(n=27,16.9%),infective endocarditis(n=25,15.6%),malaria(n=21,13.1%),brucellosis(n=15,9.4%),and typhoid fever(n=9,5.6%).Plasmodium falciparum,Mycobacterium tuberculosis,Brucellae,Staphylococcus aureus,Salmonella typhi,and Rickettsiae were the leading infectious agents in this study.A total of 56(35.0%)cases had invasive procedures for diagnosis.The mean qSOFA score was 0.76±0.94{median(interquartile range[IQR]):0(0–1)}.ICU admission(n=26,16.2%),vasopressor use(n=14,8.8%),and IMV(n=10,6.3%)were not rare.Overall,38(23.8%)patients had at least one of the severity parameters.The mortality rate was 15(9.4%),and the mortality was attributable to the infection causing FUO in 12(7.5%)patients.Conclusions:In LMIC and LIC,tuberculosis and cardiac infections were the most severe and the leading infections causing FUO. | Hakan Erdem Jaffar AAl-Tawfiq Maha Abid Wissal Ben Yahia George Akafity Manar Ezzelarab Ramadan Fatma Amer Amani El-Kholy Atousa Hakamifard Bilal Ahmad Rahimi Farouq Dayyab Hulya Caskurlu Reham Khedr Muhammad Tahir Lysien Zambrano Mumtaz Ali Khan Aun Raza Nagwa Mostafa El-Sayed Magdalena Baymakova Aysun Yalci Yasemin Cag Umran Elbahr Aamer Ikram | 2024 | Journal of Intensive Medicine2024，4，1： | 0 |
| 10 | Anti-obesity effect and UHPLC-QTOF-MS/MS based metabolite profiling of Solanum nigrum leaf extract显示文摘Objective:To evaluate the antioxidant potential and pancreatic lipase inhibitory action of optimized hydroethanolic extracts of Solanum nigrum.Methods:Optimized extraction for maximum recovery of metabolites was performed using a combination of freeze-drying and ultrasonication followed by determination of antioxidant and antiobesity properties.The ultra-high performance liquid chromatography equipped with mass spectrometry was used to analyze metabolite profiling of Solanum nigrum.Computational studies were performed using molecular docking and electrostatic potential analysis for individual compounds.The hypolipidemic potential of the most potent extract was assessed in the obese mice fed on fat rich diet.Results:The 80%hydroethanolic extract exhibited the highest extract yield,total phenolic contents,total flavonoid contents along with the strongest 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl scavenging activity,total antioxidant power,and pancreatic lipase inhibitory properties.The 80%hydroethanolic extract not only regulated the lipid profile of obese mice but also restricted the weight gain in the liver,kidney,and heart.The 80%hydroethanolic extract also reduced alanine transaminase and aspartate transaminase concentrations in serum.The effects of plant extract at 300 mg/kg body weight were quite comparable with the standard drug orlistat.Conclusions:Solanum nigrum is proved as an excellent and potent source of secondary metabolites that might be responsible for obesity mitigation. | Zain Ul Aabideen Muhammad Waseem Mumtaz Muhammad Tayyab Akhtar Muhammad Asam Raza Hamid Mukhtar Ahmad Irfan Syed Ali Raza Muhammad Nadeem Yee Soon Ling | 2022 | Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine2022，12，4： | 0 |
| 11 | Insecticidal Potential of α-Pinene and β-Caryophyllene against Myzus persicae and Their Impacts on Gene Expression显示文摘Myzus persicae(M.persicae)is now considered a threat to agricultural crops due to economic losses.Numerous synthetic insecticides applied every year against M.persicae,are reported to be unsafe for environment,humans,and beneficial insects.Furthermore,several species of Myzus have been found to develop resistance due to over application of these insecticides.Therefore,it is required to find some novel insecticide that would be safe for the environment as well as for humans.In the current study,two major pure constituentsα-pinene andβ-caryophyllene were evaluated for their insecticidal potential against M.persicae using a fumigant toxicity assay.Furthermore,impact ofα-pinene andβ-caryophyllene on expression of five different genes,e.g.,HSP 60,FPPS I,OSD,TOL and ANT responsible for reproduction,dispersion,and growth of M.persicae has also been investigated.To perform fumigant toxicity assay,five different concentrations(3.5,4,4.5,5 and 6μL L−1)ofα-pinene andβ-caryophyllene were prepared.Lethal concentration(LC)was calculated,and gene expression studies were executed through qRT PCR at LC30 ofα-pinene andβ-caryophyllene.Both constituents demonstrated excellent fumigant toxicity effects against M.persicae at all five concentrations.However,α-pinene shows significantly better results(98%)as compared toβ-caryophyllene(80%)after 72 h at 6μL L−1 of dose.The highest upregulation in expression was demonstrated at LC30 dose ofα-pinene in five in three out of five genes understudy(TOL,ANT,and FPPS I).Conversely,two genes HSP 60 and OSD demonstrated downregulation at LC30 dose ofβ-caryophyllene.Conclusively,our results highlighted the promising insecticidal potential of both compoundsα-pinene andβ-caryophylleneby interfering with the reproduction and development related processes in M.persicae,allowing us to recommend the phytoconstituents under investigation as an ecofriendly alternative to synthetic insecticides. | Talha Ali Chohan Tahir Ali Chohan Muhammad Zahid Mumtaz Muhammad Waqar Alam Salah ud Din Iqra Naseer Ayesha Riaz Tayyeba Naseem Areeba Iftikhar Dur ENajaf Ali Mubashir Hassan Hayssam M.Ali | 2023 | Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany2023，92，7： | 0 |
| 12 | Impact of environmental factors on COVID-19 cases and mortalities in major cities of Pakistan显示文摘Introduction:Climate factors play an important role in the transmission of viruses,such as influenza viruses,MERS-CoV,and SARS-CoV-1.This study aimed to determine the relationship between changes in temperature,humidity,rainfall,and SARS-CoV-2 contagion.Five ecologically and climatically distinct regions were considered—Karachi,Lahore,Islamabad,Peshawar,and Gilgit-Baltistan.Method:Data on daily COVID-19 cases and deaths were retrieved from government officials,while meteorological information was collected from Pakistan Meteorological Department.Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20 and the Spearman rank correlation test was used to analyze the correlation between the meteorological factors and COVID-19 cases and deaths.Result:Positive correlation of COVID-19 incidence was observed with all the temperature ranges(maximum,minimum and average)and negative correlation was seen with humidity,DTR and rainfall.COVID-19 deaths were positively associated with temperature and were negatively associated only with humidity.Linear regression showed that for every unit increase in humidity,there was a3.345 daily signifi-cant decrease in COVID-19 cases,while in Karachi for every unit increase in humidity,there remained a 10.104 daily significant increase in cases.In Gilgit-Baltistan,for every unit increase in average temperature and rainfall respectively,significant increases of 0.534 and 1.286 in daily cases were found.Conclusion:This study signifies the effect of climate factors on COVID-19 incidence and mortality rate,but climate factors are not the only variable and several other interlinked factors enhance the spread of COVID-19.Hence,effective mitigation policies,enhancing testing capacities,and developing public attitudes toward adopting precautionary measures are important to overcome this overwhelming pandemic. | Rabia Basray Amber Malik Wajiha Waqar Ambreen Chaudhry Muhammad Wasif Malik Mumtaz Ali Khan Jamil A.Ansari Aamir Ikram | 2021 | Journal of Biosafety and Biosecurity2021，3，1： | 0 |
| 13 | A decline in snow cover area of Passu and Ghulkin valleys between 1995 and 2022显示文摘The global cryosphere is experiencing accelerated melting due to climate change.Currently,the Karakoram anomaly is under discussion with a debate about the possibility that the anomaly may have recently ended.This study aims to evaluate the up-to-date changes in snow cover in the western Karakoram region.We observed the snow cover changes in Passu and Ghulkin valleys in the Hunza River basin(HRB)of the Karakoram through multitemporal Landsat satellite data between 1995 and 2022.We found a significant reduction in snow cover in these valleys,with an average reduction rate of 0.42 km~2/yr,resulting in a total reduction of~11.46 km~2 between 1995 and 2022.This reduction in snow cover is consistent with the mass loss of glaciers in the Karakoram region in recent years.The decline in snow cover in these valleys is also consistent with the meteorological data.The temperature in summer(June)has significantly increased whereas the precipitation in the accumulation season(March)has decreased.These rapid changes suggest that it is crucially important to monitor the snow cover on a regular basis to support downstream management of snowmelt runoff.In addition,there is a need of planning for mitigation and adaptation strategies for snow-related hazards. | Imran HUSSAIN Mumtaz ALI Sher MUHAMMAD Wajid HASSAN Salar ALI Zakir HUSSAIN Syed Hammad ALI Shaukat ALI Muhammad Younis KHAN | 2023 | Journal of Mountain Science2023，20，12： | 0 |
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