| 1 | Blockchain Based Enhanced ERP Transaction Integrity Architecture and PoET Consensus显示文摘Enterprise Resource Planning(ERP)software is extensively used for the management of business processes.ERP offers a system of integrated applications with a shared central database.Storing all business-critical information in a central place raises various issues such as data integrity assurance and a single point of failure,which makes the database vulnerable.This paper investigates database and Blockchain integration,where the Blockchain network works in synchronization with the database system,and offers a mechanism to validate the transactions and ensure data integrity.Limited research exists on Blockchain-based solutions for the single point of failure in ERP.We established in our study that for concurrent access control andmonitoring of ERP,private permissioned Blockchain using Proof of Elapsed Time consensus is more suitable.The study also investigated the bottleneck issue of transaction processing rates(TPR)of Blockchain consensus,specifically ERP’s TPR.The paper presents systemarchitecture that integrates Blockchain with an ERP system using an application interface. | Tehreem Aslam Ayesha Maqbool Maham Akhtar Alina Mirza Muhammad Anees Khan Wazir Zada Khan Shadab Alam | 2022 | Computers, Materials & Continua2022，，1： | 0 |
| 2 | Knowledge and practices of primary care physicians on the current referral system of diabetic retinopathy in Islamabad and Rawal-Pindi, Pakistan显示文摘AIM: To assess the current knowledge and practices in diabetic eye care and referral system regarding diabetic retinopathy(DR) in health centers of Islamabad and RawalPindi. METHODS: A cross-sectional study was carried out in 4 government and private health centers in RawalpindiIslamabad from May 2018 to Oct. 2018. A total of 38 Primary Care Physicians(general practitioners, family physicians, and internists) were recruited out of which data for 2 were either not returned, or were missing partially. Data were collected through a 27-item consented & validated, multiple-choice questionnaire based on physician characteristics, knowledge and practice of diabetic eye care and challenges faced due current DR referral system. Descriptive analyses for all variables were performed including, mean and standard deviation. Analytical analyses were also conducted to study association between different study variables. RESULTS: Mean scores of knowledge for general practitioners, family physicians, and internists were 41.7%, 42.0% and 46.6% respectively. A lack of knowledge, and suboptimal practices were observed regarding signs, symptoms, screening, testing, evaluation and referral of DR regardless of physicians’ specialty, or years in practice. Lack of expertise regarding direct ophthalmoscopy, interpretation of findings, and referral to an ophthalmologist were noted. Physicians who performed consultation and counselling according to patients’ needs referred more patients to an ophthalmologist than those who restricted their consultationto a fixed amount of time and had more patients per unit time(P=0.01). Physicians who had taken care of less than 5 number of patients with DR marked less incorrect answers with no significantly greater number or correct answers compared to physicians who had taken care of more than 5 number of patients with DR(P=0.044). An association of more than 5 patients with DR taken care of with more need based patient consultation and counselling was also noted(P=0.017). An evaluation of the current referral system for DR revealed major loopholes in the health care infrastructure, proper guidelines, properly functioning equipment, check and balances, and lack of guidance to physicians regarding acquiring and updating knowledge regarding DR. CONCLUSION: Lack of updated and adequate knowledge, practices among primary care physicians, and suboptimal diabetic eye care and referral system have contributed to late presentation of DR. Interventions are needed to improve current diabetic eye care, and knowledge and practices of primary care physicians. | Muhammad Shakaib Anwar Baila Shakaib Waseem Akhtar Erum Yusufzai Maham Zehra Hajira Munawar Kinza Azhar | 2019 | International Journal of Ophthalmology(English edition)2019，12，12： | 0 |
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