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| 1 | Analyses of spring mean circulations for major andminor dust storm years in China-Mongolia area显示文摘To better understand the dust storm (hereafter DS) inducing circulation in the China-Mongolia (CM) DS activity area,the spring mean circulation features and differences on lower levels in three subregions of the CM DS area for the majorandminor-DS years have,as a whole (not partly),been analyzed,utilizing the National Centers for Environmental Prediction and the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalyzed gridded data,the observed DS frequency data in the CM area,and the composite analysis method.The main conclusions are as follows:(1) Judging from the differences in the DS-inducing systems,dust origins,paths of invading cold air,and main DS-strike areas,the whole CM DS area is roughly divided into the three subre-gions:the East-,Middleand West-CM subregions (in this paper,referred to as E-,M-,and W-CM).(2) In major DSs during spring over the E-CM,the middleand lower-level troughs or cyclones over the Japan Sea and northeastern China (NEC) domi-nate.The invading cold air along the northeastern (NE) or north by east (NE) path often causes the DS in the E-CM region.But nearly the opposite is true inminor DS during spring in E-CM.(3) In the major DS during spring over the M-CM region,the Mongolian troughs or cyclones are the main DS-inducing systems.The strong invading cold air along the northwestern (NW)or north by west (Nw) path causes the DSs in the M-CM region.(4) In the major DSs during spring over the W-CM region,the South Xinjiang heat lows prevail,the intruding cold air has a western path,and creates the DSs in South Xinjiang.(5) In the past 50 years,the DSs over the M-CM region have had the most severe impact on the preceding three subregions of the CM DS area.Overall,DS activities over all of three regions of the CM area decreased in the past (particularly,over Mand W-CM regions since the mid-1980s.But there existed a short and sudden increasing in E-CM in the years 2000-2002.(6) It is circulation changes and desertification evolutions that cause the yearly and decadal changes of DS in CM area,especially the former.With the backdrop of global warming in the future,perhaps the decreased DS activities over Mand W-CM will persist for some time again,and special attention should be paid to ones over E-CM or to the individual DS events over Mand W-CM. | MinHong Song 1,ZhengAn Qian 1,Ying Cai 1,ChungMing Liu 2 1.Cold and Arid Regions Environmental and Engineering Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Lanzhou Gansu 730000,China.2.Department of Atmospheric Sciences,Taiwan University,Taipei 106,China. | 2009 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2009，1，4： | 3 |
| 2 | An off-line simulation of land surface processes over the northern Tibetan Plateau显示文摘In order to further understand the land surface processes over the northern Tibetan Plateau, this study produced an off-line simulated examination at the Bujiao site on the northern Tibetan Plateau from June 2002 to April 2004, using the Noah Land Surface Model(Noah LSM) and observed data from the CAMP/Tibet experiment. The observed data were necessarily corrected and the number of soil layers in the Noah LSM was changed from 4 to 10 to enable this off-line simulation and analysis. The main conclusions are as follows: the Noah LSM performed well on the northern Tibetan Plateau. The simulated net radiation, upward longwave radiation, and upward shortwave radiation demonstrated the same remarkable annual and seasonal variation as the observed data, especially the upward longwave radiation. The simulated soil temperatures were acceptably close to the observed temperatures, especially in the shallow soil layers. The simulated freezing and melting processes were shown to start from the surface soil layer and spread down to the deep soil layers, but they took longer than the observed processes. However, Noah LSM did not adequately simulate the soil moisture. Therefore, additional high-quality, long-term observations of land surface–atmosphere processes over the Tibetan Plateau will be a key factor in proper adjustments of the model parameters in the future. | MinHong Song YaoMing Ma Yu Zhang WeiQiang Ma SiQiong Luo | 2014 | Research in Cold and Arid Regions2014，6，3： | 2 |
| 3 | Estimation of the regional evaporative fraction over the Tibetan Plateau area by using Landsat-7 ETM data and the field observations显示文摘 | Ma Yaoming Song Minhong Ishikawa Hirohiko | 2007 | Journal of the Meteorological Society of Japan2007，85，： | 1 |
| 4 | The tropical Pacific cold tongue mode and its associated main ocean dynamical process in CMIP5 models显示文摘The cold tongue mode(CTM),which represents the out-of-phase relationship in sea surface temperature anomaly(SSTA)variability between the Pacific cold tongue region and elsewhere in the tropical Pacific,shows a long-term cooling trend in the eastern equatorial Pacific.In this study,we investigate how well the CTM is reproduced in historical simulations generated by the 20 models considered in Phase 5 of the Coupled Model Intercomparison Project(CMIP5).Qualitatively,all 20 models roughly capture the cooling SSTA associated with the CTM.However,a quantitative assessment(i.e.,Taylor diagrams and the ratio of the trend between the simulations and observations)shows that only five of these 20 models(i.e.,CESM1-CAM5,CMCC-CM,FGOALS-g2,IPSL-CM5B-LR,and NorESM1-M)can reproduce with useful accuracy the spatial pattern and long-term trend of the CTM.We find that these five models generally simulate the main ocean dynamical process associated with the CTM.That is,these models adequately capture the long-term cooling trend in the vertical advection of the anomalous temperature by the mean upwelling.We conclude that the performance of these CMIP5 models,with respect to simulations of the long-term cooling trend associated with the vertical advection,and the related long-term decreasing trend of the vertical gradient of the oceanic temperature anomaly,can play an important role in successful reproduction of the CTM. | Yang Li QuanLiang Chen JianPing Li WenJun Zhang MinHong Song Wei Hua HongKe Cai XiaoFei Wu | 2019 | Earth and Planetary Physics2019，3，5： | 0 |
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