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| 1 | Sorption and degradation of imidacloprid and clothianidin in Chinese paddy soil and red soil amended with biochars显示文摘Application of biochar technology in the remediation of organic contaminated soils has drawn growing interest in recent years.In this study,sorption and degradation of two typical neonicotinoid insecticides,imidacloprid(IMI)and clothianidin(CLO)in Chinese typical paddy soil and red soil amended with six kinds of biochars were investigated.The results showed that surface area(SA),pH,total organic carbon and dissolved organic carbon(DOC)of the two soils all increased after biochar amendment,while H/C decreased.With biochar pyrolyzing temperature(PT)increasing from 300℃ to 700℃,the sorption of the two insecticides on biochar-soil mixtures increased by more than 4.3-fold,due to the increasing SA and decreasing H/C.The acidic pH of the two tested soils also favored the enhanced sorption of the insecticides by removing the ash on biochar.The amendment of low-PT(300℃)biochar promoted the biodegradation of IMI and CLO by 11.3-41.9%via providing more DOC and available N for microorganisms,while inhibiting the chemical degradation.Oppositely,the high-PT(500-700℃)biochars inhibited the biodegradation of the insecticides by decreasing their bioavailability and promoted the chemical degradation by providing mineral active groups,and generating·OH and other free radicals.In addition,soil type also affected the effects of biochar remediation.The highest 60-day degradation extent was achieved for CLO(90.5%)and IMI(81.4%)in paddy soil by adding biochar derived from pig manure at 700℃ PT.In summary,the effect of biochar on the fate of organic contaminants in soil is a comprehensive result involving several processes and a systematic study considering the type and property of biochar and soil is needed to optimize biochar technology. | Peng Zhang Lujuan Min Jingchun Tang Muhammad Khalid Rafiq Hongwen Sun | 2020 | Biochar2020，2，3： | 1 |
| 2 | Relationship among leadership style,organizational culture and employee commitment in university libraries显示文摘 | Muhammad Rafiq Awan Mahmood Khalid | 2010 | Library Management2010，31，45： | 1 |
| 3 | Analyzing COVID-2019 Impact on Mental Health Through Social Media Forum显示文摘This study aims to identify the potential association of mental health and social media forum during the outbreak of COVID-19 pandemic.COVID-19 brings a lot of challenges to government globally.Among the different strategies the most extensively adopted ones were lockdown,social distancing,and isolation among others.Most people with no mental illness history have been found with high risk of distress and psychological discomfort due to anxiety of being infected with the virus.Panic among people due to COVID-19 spread faster than the disease itself.The misinformation and excessive usage of social media in this pandemic era have adversely affected mental health across the world.Due to limited historical data,psychiatrists are finding it difficult to cure the mental illness of people resulting from the pandemic repercussion,fueled by social media forum.In this study the methodology used for data extraction is by considering the implications of social network platforms(such as Reddit)and levering the capabilities of a semi-supervised co-training technique-based use of Naïve Bayes(NB),Random Forest(RF),and Support Vector Machine(SVM)classifiers.The experimental results shows the efficacy of the proposed methodology to identify the mental illness level(such as anxiety,bipolar disorder,depression,PTSD,schizophrenia,and OCD)of those who are in anxious of being infected with this virus.We observed 1 to 5%improvement in the classification decision through the proposed method as compared to state-of-the-art classifiers. | Huma Muhammad Khalid Sohail Nadeem Akhtar Dost Muhammad Humaira Afzal Muhammad Rafiq Mufti Shahid Hussain Mansoor Ahmed | 2021 | Computers, Materials & Continua2021，，6： | 0 |
| 4 | Improving Quantitative and Qualitative Characteristics of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) through Nitrogen Application under Semiarid Conditions显示文摘Nitrogen(N),the building block of plant proteins and enzymes,is an essential macronutrient for plant functions.A field experiment was conducted to investigate the impact of different N application rates(28,57,85,114,142,171,and 200 kg ha^(−1))on the performance of spring wheat(cv.Ujala-2016)during the 2017–2018 and 2018–2019 growing seasons.A control without N application was kept for comparison.Two years mean data showed optimum seed yield(5,461.3 kg ha^(−1))for N-application at 142 kg ha^(−1) whereas application of lower and higher rates of N did not result in significant and economically higher seed yield.A higher seed yield was obtained in the 2017–2018(5,595 kg ha^(−1))than in the 2018–2019(5,328 kg ha^(−1))growing seasons under an N application of 142 kg ha^(−1).It was attributed to the greater number of growing degree days in the first(1,942.35°C days)than in the second year(1,813.75°C).Higher rates of N(171 and 200 kg ha^(−1))than 142 kg ha^(−1) produced more number of tillers(i.e.,948,300 and 666,650 ha^(−1),respectively).However,this increase did not contribute in achieving higher yields.Application of 142,171,and 200 kg ha^(−1) resulted in 14.15%,15.0%and 15.35%grain protein concentrations in comparison to 13.15%with the application of 114 kg ha^(−1).It is concluded that the application of N at 142 kg ha^(−1) could be beneficial for attaining higher grain yields and protein concentrations of wheat cultivar Ujala-2016. | Muhammad Rafiq Muhammad Saqib Husnain Jawad Talha Javed Sadam Hussain Muhammad Arif Baber Ali Muhammad Sultan Ali Bazmi Ghulam Abbas Marjan Aziz Mohammad Khalid Al-Sadoon Aneela Gulnaz Sobhi F.Lamlom Muhammad Azeem Sabir Jameel Akhtar | 2023 | Phyton-International Journal of Experimental Botany2023，92，4： | 0 |
| 5 | Traffic Sign Detection with Low Complexity for Intelligent Vehicles Based on Hybrid Features显示文摘Globally traffic signs are used by all countries for healthier traffic flow and to protect drivers and pedestrians.Consequently,traffic signs have been of great importance for every civilized country,which makes researchers give more focus on the automatic detection of traffic signs.Detecting these traffic signs is challenging due to being in the dark,far away,partially occluded,and affected by the lighting or the presence of similar objects.An innovative traffic sign detection method for red and blue signs in color images is proposed to resolve these issues.This technique aimed to devise an efficient,robust and accurate approach.To attain this,initially,the approach presented a new formula,inspired by existing work,to enhance the image using red and green channels instead of blue,which segmented using a threshold calculated from the correlational property of the image.Next,a new set of features is proposed,motivated by existing features.Texture and color features are fused after getting extracted on the channel of Red,Green,and Blue(RGB),Hue,Saturation,and Value(HSV),and YCbCr color models of images.Later,the set of features is employed on different classification frameworks,from which quadratic support vector machine(SVM)outnumbered the others with an accuracy of 98.5%.The proposed method is tested on German Traffic Sign Detection Benchmark(GTSDB)images.The results are satisfactory when compared to the preceding work. | Sara Khalid Jamal Hussain Shah Muhammad Sharif Muhammad Rafiq Gyu Sang Choi | 2023 | Computers, Materials & Continua2023，，7： | 0 |
| 6 | Analyzing COVID-19 Impact on the Researchers Productivity through Their Perceptions显示文摘Context:Since the end of 2019,the COVID-19 pandemic had a worst impact on world’s economy,healthcare,and education.There are several aspects where the impact of COVID-19 could be visualized.Among these,one aspect is the productivity of researcher,which plays a significant role in the success of an organization.Problem:There are several factors that could be aligned with the researcher’s productivity of each domain and whose analysis through researcher’s feedback could be beneficial for decision makers in terms of their decision making and implementation of mitigation plans for the success of an organization.Method:We perform an empirical study to investigate the substantial impact of COVID-19 on the productivity of researchers by analyzing the relevant factors through their perceptions.Our study aims to find out the impact of COVID-19 on the researcher’s productivity that are working in different fields.In this study,we conduct a questionnaire-based analysis,which included feedback of 152 researchers of certain domains.These researchers are currently involved in different research activities.Subsequently,we perform a statistical analysis to analyze the collected responses and report the findings.Findings:The results indicate the substantial impact of COVID-19 pandemics on the researcher’s productivity in terms of mental disturbance,lack of regular meetings,and field visits for the collection of primary data.Conclusion:Finally,it is concluded that researcher’s daily or weekly meetings with their supervisors and colleagues are necessary to keep them more productive in task completion.These findings would help the decision makers of an organization in the settlement of their plan for the success of an organization. | Syeda Javeria Shoukat Humaira Afzal Muhammad Rafiq Mufti Muhammad Khalid Sohail Dost Muhammad Khan Nadeem Akhtar Shahid Hussain Mansoor Ahmed | 2021 | Computers, Materials & Continua2021，，5： | 0 |
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