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| 1 | Nitrite-derived nitric oxide by xanthine oxidoreductase protects the liver against ischemia- reperfusion injury显示文摘It was demonstrated that xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), during ischemia, catalyzes the formation of nitric oxide (NO) from nitrite (NO2-) and this NO2--derived NO protects the isolated perfused rat heart against the damaging effects of ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) when conventional nitric oxide synthase (NOS) -dependent NO production is impaired. Liver is one of the organs with the highest XOR concentration. This study was designed to determine whether NO2--derived NO by XOR protects liver against I/R injury in vivo. For its minute amounts and active reactivity, NO can not be detected directly in real time in vivo by this time. We have to prove the above hypothesis indirectly. METHODS:Wistar rats were pretreated with saline, NOS inhibitor L-NAME (10 mg/kg intravenously), XOR inhibitor allopurinol (1.5 mg/kg orally), L-NAME +allopurinol and NO scavenger carboxy-PTIO (0.6 mg/kg intravenously) respectively (12 animals per group). And then, they were subjected to total liver ischemia for 40 minutes followed by reperfusion. Blood samples and liver tissues were obtained for analysis after 3 hours of reperfusion. Survival was also investigated. RESULTS:Allopurinol-treated animals exhibited further increased serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels and liver myeloperoxidase (MPO) activities, but further decreased liver adenosine triphosphate (ATP) stores after I/R compared to saline-treated counterparts (830.5±108.3 U/L, 56.5±11.0 U/mg protein and 1.93±0.47 μmol/g vs. 505.8± 184.2 U/L, 41.5±10.2 U/mg protein and 3.05±0.55 μmol/g respectively, P<0.01, P<0.05 and P<0.01 respectively). The hepatocyte injury was further exacerbated and the overall survival rate was significantly decreased after I/R in animals given by allopurinol compared to those pretreated by saline (P<0.05). L-NAME and allopurinol co-treated animals exhibited more severe liver injury (P<0.05 and P<0.01) and a further decreased overall survival rate (P<0.05) compared to L-NAME or allopurinol alone-treated counterparts, but they were not different from carboxy-PTIO treated animals (P>0.05). CONCLUSION:NO2--derived NO by XOR in the hypoxic and acidic environment induced by hepatic I/R protects the liver against I/R injury in vivo. | Department of General Surgery ( Lu P, Wang CY and Chen DD), and Department of Radiology (Liu F), Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, New York 11724, USA ( Yao Z) General Surgery Laboratory, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College , Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022 , China (Tian Y, Zhang JH and Wu YH) | 2005 | Hepatobiliary & Pancreatic Diseases International2005，4，3： | 4 |
| 2 | Regulation of PRAK subcellular location by p38 MAP kinases 显示文摘 | New L Jiang Y Han J | 2003 | Mol Biol Cell2003，，6： | 1 |
| 3 | PRAK,a novel protein kinase regulated by the p38 MAP kinase显示文摘 | New L Jiang Y Zhao M | 1998 | EMBO J1998，17，12： | 1 |
| 4 | Comparison of the methods for discriminating temperature and strain in spontaneous brillion based distributed sensors显示文摘 | Alahhab I M Cho Y T New Son T P | 2004 | Optics Letters2004，29，1： | 1 |
| 5 | Stockholm Convention POPs-a global perspective on the management of lindane and its waste isomers 显示文摘 | Vijgen J Abhilash P C Hexachlorocyclohexane ( HCH ) Li Y F as new | 2011 | Environ Sci Pollut Res Int2011，18，2： | 1 |
| 6 | Abiotic factors influencing the distribution of vegetation in coastal estuary of Liaohe Delta,Northeast China显示文摘 | JI Y H ZHOU G S NEW T | 2009 | Estuaries and Coasts2009，32，5： | 1 |
| 7 | 5 ' ( AAAcavendish) with resistance to fusarium wilt of banana in Chinese Taipei 显示文摘 | Lee S Y Su Y U Chou C S Liu C C Chen C C Chao C P Selection of a new somaclone cuhivar ' Tai-Chiao no | 2011 | Acta Horticuhurae2011，897，13： | 1 |
| 8 | AC-1 显示文摘 | Li Y H Ding M Wang J A novel thermoacidophilic endoglucanase Ba-EGA from a new cellulose-degrading bacterium Bacillus sp | 2006 | Appl Microbiol Biotechnol2006，70，： | 1 |
| 9 | Synthesis, characterization and for PAHs 显示文摘 | Li Y Yang M M Liu Y Y structural aspects of new haptens 2011 987 ( 1/2/3 ) :206 - 213 | 2011 | J Mol Struct2011，，： | 1 |
| 10 | The effect of social capital in new venture creation: the Cambridge High-Technology cluster显示文摘 | MYINT Y M VYAKARNAM S Mary J NEW | 2005 | Journal of Strategic Change2005，，14： | 1 |
| 11 | Behavioral and ultrastructural changes of intrathecal administered ropivaeaine in spinal cord of rats显示文摘 | Quantitative assess- J Neurosci Methods A new and sensitive cutaneous hyperalge- Zhang Z Hu Y Zhao Y | 2009 | Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban2009，34，4： | 1 |
| 12 | Lymphocyte interactions with endothelial cells显示文摘 | Shimizu Y New man W Tanka Y | 1992 | Immunol Today1992，13，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Regulation of PRAK subcellular location by p38 MAP kinases显示文摘 | New L Jiang Y Han J | 2003 | Mol Biol Cell2003，14，6： | 1 |
| 14 | Existience of positive solutions of the boundary value problems for nonlinear fractional differential equztions 显示文摘 | New York Theory and Amsterdam : LI C F LUO X N ZHOU Y | 2010 | Computers & Mathematics with Applications2010，59，3： | 1 |
| 15 | PRAK, a novel protein kinase regulated by the p38 MAP kinase 显示文摘 | New L Jiang Y | 1998 | EMBO J1998，17，12： | 1 |
| 16 | Exploratory and Ex- Product Development:A So- New Technology Ventures in China 显示文摘 | Atuahne-Gima K Murray ploitative Learning in New eial Capital Perspective on J Y | 2007 | Journal of International Marketing2007，15，2： | 1 |
| 17 | An unusual new genus and a f Buccinulidae (Neogastropoda) from the ovince显示文摘 | Kantor Y I P new species o Magellanic Pr astorino G | 2009 | Nautilus2009，123，2： | 1 |
| 18 | The thermal management of IBM′s ES/9000 advanced thermal conduction module显示文摘 | Gregory S H David L E Steven P Y New York | 1992 | Electronic Components and Technology Conference1992，，42： | 1 |
| 19 | Preparation and Ternary System Alloy: REMgNi,(RE=La, Ce, Pr, Nd) 显示文摘 | Wang Z M Zhou H Y Gu Electrode Properties of New Z F | 2004 | Journal of Alloys and Compounds2004，384，： | 1 |
| 20 | Seasonal,soil type,alternative management influences on microbial communities of vegetable cropping system显示文摘 | DEKKER M NEW Y SCHUTTER M E | 2001 | Biol Fertil Soils2001，34，： | 1 |
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