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| 1 | GISAID’s Role in Pandemic Response显示文摘GISAID is a global data science initiative and the primary source of genomic and associated metadata of all influenza viruses,Respiratory Syncytial Virus(RSV)and severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2(SARS-CoV-2),the pandemic coronavirus causing coronavirus disease 2019(COVID-19).GISAID’s publicly accessible data sharing platform enables collaboration of over 42,000 participating researchers from 198 nations and data generators from over 3,500 institutions across the globe.Since the first wholegenome sequences were made available by China CDC through GISAID on January 10. | Shruti Khare Céline Gurry Lucas Freitas Mark B Schultz Gunter Bach Amadou Diallo Nancy Akite Joses Ho Raphael TC Lee Winston Yeo GISAID Core Curation Team Sebastian Maurer-Stroh | 2021 | China CDC weekly2021，3，49： | 3 |
| 2 | Hepatic decompensation/serious adverse events in post-liver transplantation recipients on sofosbuvir for recurrent hepatitis C virus显示文摘AIM: To determine the safety profile of new hepatitis C virus(HCV) treatments in liver transplant(LT) recipients with recurrent HCV infection.METHODS: Forty-two patients were identified with recurrent HCV infection that underwent LT at least 12 mo prior to initiating treatment with a Sofosbuvir-based regimen during December 2013-June 2014. Cases were patients who experienced hepatic decompensation and/or serious adverse events(SAE) during or within one month of completing treatment. Controls had no evidence of hepatic decompensation and/or SAE. HIVinfected patients were excluded. Cumulative incidence of decompensation/SAE was calculated using the Kaplan Meier method. Exact logistic regression analysis was used to identify factors associated with the composite outcome. RESULTS: Median age of the 42 patients was 60 years [Interquartile Range(IQR): 56-65 years], 33%(14/42) were female, 21%(9/42) were Hispanic, and 9%(4/42) were Black. The median time from transplant to treatment initiation was 5.4 years(IQR: 2.1-8.8 years). Thirteen patients experienced one or more episodes of hepatic decompensation and/or SAE. Anemia requiring transfusion, the most common event, occurred in 62%(8/13) patients, while 54%(7/13) decompensated. The cumulative incidence of hepatic decompensation/SAE was 31%(95%CI: 16%-41%). Risk factors for decompensation/SAE included lower pre-treatment hemoglobin(OR = 0.61 per g/d L, 95%CI: 0.40-0.88, P < 0.01), estimated glomerular filtration rate(OR = 0.95 per m L/min per 1.73 m^2, 95%CI: 0.90-0.99, P = 0.01), and higher baseline serum total bilirubin(OR = 2.43 per mg/d L, 95%CI: 1.17-8.65, P < 0.01). The sustained virological response rate for the cohort of 42 patients was 45%, while it was 31% for cases.CONCLUSION: Sofosbuvir/ribavirin will continue to be used in the post-transplant population, including those with HCV genotypes 2 and 3. Management of anemia remains an important clinical challenge. | Neal Patel Kian Bichoupan Lawrence Ku Rachana Yalamanchili Alyson Harty Donald Gardenier Michel Ng David Motamed Viktoriya Khaitova Nancy Bach Charissa Chang Priya Grewal Meena Bansal Ritu Agarwal Lawrence Liu Gene Im Jennifer Leong Leona Kim-Schluger Joseph Odin Jawad Ahmad Scott Friedman Douglas Dieterich Thomas Schiano Ponni Perumalswami Andrea Branch | 2016 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2016，22，9： | 1 |
| 3 | Real-world cure rates for hepatitis C virus treatments that include simeprevir and/or sofosbuvir are comparable to clinical trial results显示文摘AIM To assess the real-world effectiveness and cost of simeprevir(SMV), and/or sofosbuvir(SOF)-based therapy for chronic hepatitis C virus(HCV) infection.METHODS The real-world performance of patients treated with SMV/SOF ± ribavirin(RBV), SOF/RBV, and SOF/RBV with pegylated-interferon(PEG) were analyzed in a consecutive series of 508 patients with chronic HCV infection treated at a single academic medical center. Patients with genotypes 1 through 4 were included. Rates of sustained virological response-the absence of a detectable serum HCV RNA 12 wk after the end of treatment [sustained virological response(SVR) 12]-were calculated on an intention-to-treat basis. Costs were calculated from the payer's perspective using Medicare/Medicaid fees and Redbook Wholesale Acquisition Costs. Patient-related factors associated with SVR12 were identified using multivariable logistic regression.RESULTS SVR 12 rates were as follows: 86%(95%CI: 80%-91%)among 178 patients on SMV/SOF ± RBV; 62%(95%CI: 55%-68%) among 234 patients on SOF/RBV; and 78%(95%CI: 68%-86%) among 96 patients on SOF/PEG/RBV. Mean costs-per-SVR 12 were $174442(standard deviation: ± $18588) for SMV/SOF ± RBV; $223003(± $77946) for SOF/RBV; and $126496(± $31052) for SOF/PEG/RBV. Among patients on SMV/SOF ± RBV, SVR12 was less likely in patients previously treated with a protease inhibitor [odds ratio(OR): 0.20, 95%CI: 0.06-0.56]. Higher bilirubin(OR: 0.47, 95%CI: 0.30-0.69) reduced the likelihood of SVR12 among patients on SOF/RBV, while FIB-4 score ≥ 3.25 reduced the likelihood of SVR 12(OR: 0.18, 95%CI: 0.05-0.59) among those on SOF/PEG/RBV. CONCLUSION SVR 12 rates for SMV and/or SOF-based regimens in a diverse real-world population are comparable to those in clinical trials. Treatment failure accounts for 27% of costs. | Kian Bichoupan Neeta Tandon James F Crismale Joshua Hartman David Del Bello Neal Patel Sweta Chekuri Alyson Harty Michel Ng Keith M Sigel Meena B Bansal Priya Grewal Charissa Y Chang Jennifer Leong Gene Y Im Lawrence U Liu Joseph A Odin Nancy Bach Scott L Friedman Thomas D Schiano Ponni V Perumalswami Douglas T Dieterich Andrea D Branch | 2017 | World Journal of Virology2017，6，4： | 1 |
| 4 | Utility of the low-accelerating-dose regimen in 182 liver recipients with recurrent hepatitis C virus显示文摘AIM: To describe our experience using a low-acceleratingdose regimen(LADR) with pegylated interferon alpha-2a and ribavirin in treatment of hepatitis C virus(HCV) recurrence. METHODS: From 2003, a protocolized LADR strategy was employed to treat liver transplant(LT) recipients with recurrent HCV at our institution. Medical records of 182 adult patients with recurrent HCV treated with LADR between 1/2003 and 1/2011 were reviewed. Histopathology from all post-LT liver biopsies were reviewed in a blinded fashion. Paired recipient and donor IL28 B status were assessed. A novel technique was employed to ascertain recipient and donor IL28B(rs12979860) Gt data using DNA extracted from archival FFPE tissue from explanted native livers and donor gallbladders respectively. The primary endpoint was SVR; secondary endpoints examined include(1) patient and graft survival;(2) effect of anti-viral therapy on liver histology(fibrosis and inflammation);(3) incidence of on-treatment development of ACR, CDR, or PCH;(4) association of recipient and donor IL28 B genotype with SVR; and(5) incidence of antiviral therapy-associated adverse events(anemia, leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, depression) and hepatic decompensation.RESULTS: The overall SVR rate was 38%(29% Gt1, 67% Gt2, 86% Gt3 and 58% Gt4). HCV Gt(P < 0.0001), donor age(P = 0.003), cytomegalovirus mismatch(P = 0.001), baseline serum bilirubin(P = 0.002), and baseline viral load(P = 0.04) were independent predictors for SVR. SVR rates were significantly higher in the recipient-CC/donor-non CC pairs(P = 0.007). Neither baseline fibrosis nor change in fibrosis stage after anti-viral therapy were associated with SVR. Fibrosis progressed in 72% of patients despite SVR. Median graft survival was 91 mo. Five-year patient survival was superior in patients who achieved SVR(97% vs 82%, P = 0.001). Pre-treatment ALP ≥ 150 U/L(P = 0.01), total bilirubin ≥ 1.5 mg/d L(P = 0.001) and creatinine ≥ 2 mg/d L(P = 0.001) were independently associated with patient survival. Only 13% of patients achieving SVR died during the followup period. Treatment discontinuation and treatmentrelated mortality occurred in 35% and 2.2% of patients, respectively. EPO, G-CSF and blood transfusion were needed in 89%, 40% and 23% of patients, respectively. Overall hospitalization rate for treatment-related serious adverse events was 21%. Forty-six(25%) of the patients were deceased; among those who died, 25(54%) were due to liver-related complications, and 4 deaths(9%) occurred while receiving therapy(2 patients experienced hepatic decompensation and 2 sepsis). CONCLUSION: LADR strategy remains relevant in managing post-LT recurrent HCV where access to DAAs is limited. SVR is associated with improved survival, but fibrosis progression still occurs. | Kieron BL Lim Hamid R Sima M Isabel Fiel Viktoriya Khaitova John T Doucette Maria Chernyiak Jawad Ahmad Nancy Bach Charissa Chang Priya Grewal Leona Kim-Schluger Lawrence Liu Joseph Odin Ponni Perumalswami Sander S Florman Thomas D Schiano | 2015 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2015，21，20： | 0 |
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