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| 1 | Heparin resistance in severe thermal injury:a prospective cohort study显示文摘Background:Low molecular-weight heparin(LMWH)is routinely administered to burn patients for thromboprophylaxis.Some studies have reported heparin resistance,yet the mechanism(s)and prevalence have not been systematically studied.We hypothesized that nucleosomes,composed of histone structures with associated DNA released from injured tissue and activated immune cells in the form of neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs or NETosis),neutralize LMWH resulting in suboptimal anticoagulation,assessed by reduction in anti-factor Xa activity.Methods:Blood was sampled from>15%total body surface area(TBSA)burn patients receiving LMWH on days 5,10 and 14.Peak anti-factor Xa(AFXa)activity,anti-thrombin(ATIII)activity,cellfree DNA(cfDNA)levels and nucleosome levels were measured.Mixed effects regression was adjusted for multiple confounders,including injury severity and ATIII activity,and was used to test the association between nucleosomes and AFXa.Results:A total of 30 patients with severe burns were included.Mean TBSA 43%(SD 17).Twentythree(77%)patients were affected by heparin resistance(defined by AFXa activity<0.2 IU/mL).Mean peak AFXa activity across samples was 0.18 IU/mL(SD 0.11).Mean ATIII was 81.9%activity(SD 20.4).Samples taken at higher LWMH doses were found to have significantly increased AFXa activity,though the effect was not observed at all doses,at 8000 IU no samples were heparin resistant.Nucleosome levels were negatively correlated with AFXa(r=−0.29,p=0.050)consistent with the hypothesis.The final model,with peak AFXa as the response variable,was adjusted for nucleosome levels(p=0.0453),ATIII activity(p=0.0053),LMWH dose pre-sample(p=0.0049),drug given(enoxaparin or tinzaparin)(p=0.03),and other confounders including severity of injury,age,gender,time point of sample.Conclusions:Heparin resistance is a prevalent issue in severe burns.Nucleosome levels were increased post-burn,and showed an inverse association with AFXa consistent with the hypothesis that they may interfere with the anticoagulant effect of heparin in vivo and contribute to heparin resistance.Accurate monitoring of AFXa activity with appropriate therapy escalation plans are recommended with dose adjustment following severe burn injury. | Liam D Cato Benjamin Bailiff Joshua Price Christos Ermogeneous Jon Hazeldine William Lester Gillian Lowe Christopher Wearn Jonathan RB Bishop Janet M Lord Naiem Moiemen Paul Harrison | 2021 | Burns & Trauma2021，9，1： | 3 |
| 2 | Improvement of adoptive cellular immunotherapy of human cancer using ex-vivo gene transfer显示文摘 | Paul S Calmels B Acres RB | 2002 | Curr Gene Ther2002，2，1： | 1 |
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| 9 | Improvement of adoptive cellular immunotherapy of human cancer using ex-vivo gene transfer显示文摘 | Paul S Calmels B Acres RB | 2002 | Curr Gene Ther2002，2，1： | 1 |
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| 13 | Real-time PCR can rapidly detect methicillin susceptible and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus directly from positive blood culture bottles 显示文摘 | Paule SM Pasquarieno AC Thomson RB Jr | 2005 | Am J Clin Pathol2005，124，3： | 1 |
| 14 | Efficacy and safety of esomeprazole compared with omeprazole in GERD patients with erosive esophagitis:a randomized controlled trial显示文摘 | Joel ER Peter JK John Johanson MSc Paul Maton Jeffrey RB Clara Hwang MS | 2001 | Am J Gastroenterol2001，96，： | 1 |
| 15 | Altered medial temporal lobe responses during visuospatial encoding in healthy APOE*4 carriers显示文摘 | Paul RB Clark LJ Amy LS | 2008 | Neurobiol Aging2008，29，： | 1 |
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| 20 | In-line implementation of an image-based particle size measurement tool to monitor hot-melt extruded pellets显示文摘 | Daniel Treffer Patrick R. Wahl Theresa R. H?rmann Daniel Markl Simone Schrank Ian Jones Paul Cruise Reinhardt-Karsten Mürb Gerold Koscher Eva Roblegg Johannes G. Khinast | 2014 | International Journal of Pharmaceutics . 2014 (1-2)2014，，1： | 1 |
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