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| 1 | Tree diversity and nectar composition affect arthropod visitors on extrafloral nectaries in a diversity experiment显示文摘Aims Plants with extrafloral nectaries(EFNs)are common in tropical and subtropical habitats and,despite many other arthropods also forage for EFN,most studies solely focused on the defense mutualisms between EFN plants and ants.This study aims at a quantitative assessment of the entire arthropod community that visits EFN trees to compare visitor communities between different tree species to disentangle the mechanisms that may drive EFN visitor community composition.We also test for tree diversity effects on EFN visitors,as it is unknown if local tree species richness relates to the abundance and species richness of arthropods foraging for EFN.Methods We sampled EFN-visiting arthropods in the experimental tree species richness gradient of the BEF-China Experiment,the currently largest forest diversity experiment in the world,and tested if tree species richness affects EFN visitors and if visitor community composition differs between EFN tree species.In a second step,we analyzed the EFN of Ailanthus altissima and Triadica cochinchinensis,the two EFN tree species with highest visitor abundance,for sugars and amino acids(AA)to test if tree species-specific differences in nectar chemistry translate to differing visitor communities.Lastly,we conducted a choice experiment using different artificial nectar solutions to test if nectar quality affects foraging decisions of ants,the most frequent EFN visitors in our study sites.Important Findings EFN trees in young successional forests in subtropical South-East China are visited by a diverse assemblage of arthropods including ants,beetles,flies,and spiders.Albeit ants accounted for about 75%of all individuals,non-ant visitors were by far more species rich.Visitor abundance and species richness declined with increasing tree species richness,suggesting a resource dilution effect,because plots with more tree species had proportionally less EFN tree individuals and thus lower nectar availability.Ailanthus altissima and T.cochinchinensis were visited by different arthropods and their nectar had species-specific AA composition and sugar concentration,indicating that differences in visitors may,at least partly,be explained by differences in nectar chemistry.These findings are supported by the choice experiment,in which artificial nectars containing sugar solutions supplemented with essential AAs attracted more ants than pure sugar solutions or sugar solutions supplemented with non-essential AAs.Our results improve the understanding of the complex ecology of EFN trees,a plant life form that might be crucial for understanding how tree diversity influences patterns of tree growth in young successional tropical and subtropical forests. | Michael Staab Joel Methorst Jan Peters Nico Blüthgen Alexandra-Maria Klein | 2017 | Journal of Plant Ecology2017，10，1： | 6 |
| 2 | National Forest Inventories capture the multifunctionality of managed forests in Germany显示文摘Background:Forests perform various important ecosystem functions that contribute to ecosystem services.In many parts of the world,forest management has shifted from a focus on timber production to multi-purpose forestry,combining timber production with the supply of other forest ecosystem services.However,it is unclear which forest types provide which ecosystem services and to what extent forests primarily managed for timber already supply multiple ecosystem services.Based on a comprehensive dataset collected across 150 forest plots in three regions differing in management intensity and species composition,we develop models to predict the potential supply of 13 ecosystem services.We use those models to assess the level of multifunctionality of managed forests at the national level using national forest inventory data.Results:Looking at the potential supply of ecosystem services,we found trade-offs(e.g.between both bark beetle control or dung decomposition and both productivity or soil carbon stocks)as well as synergies(e.g.for temperature regulation,carbon storage and culturally interesting plants)across the 53 most dominant forest types in Germany.No single forest type provided all ecosystem services equally.Some ecosystem services showed comparable levels across forest types(e.g.decomposition or richness of saprotrophs),while others varied strongly,depending on forest structural attributes(e.g.phosphorous availability or cover of edible plants)or tree species composition(e.g.potential nitrification activity).Variability in potential supply of ecosystem services was only to a lesser extent driven by environmental conditions.However,the geographic variation in ecosystem function supply across Germany was closely linked with the distribution of main tree species.Conclusions:Our results show that forest multifunctionality is limited to subsets of ecosystem services.The importance of tree species composition highlights that a lack of multifunctionality at the stand level can be compensated by managing forests at the landscape level,when stands of complementary forest types are combined.These results imply that multi-purpose forestry should be based on a variety of forest types requiring coordinated planning across larger spatial scales. | Nadja K.Simons María R.Felipe-Lucia Peter Schall Christian Ammer Jürgen Bauhus Nico Blüthgen Steffen Boch François Buscot Markus Fischer Kezia Goldmann Martin M.Gossner Falk Hänsel Kirsten Jung Peter Manning Thomas Nauss Yvonne Oelmann Rodica Pena Andrea Polle Swen C.Renner Michael Schloter Ingo Schöning Ernst-Detlef Schulze Emily F.Solly Elisabeth Sorkau Barbara Stempfhuber Tesfaye Wubet Jörg Müller Sebastian Seibold Wolfgang W.Weisser | 2021 | Forest Ecosystems2021，8，1： | 2 |
| 3 | 甘油氧化的光谱电化学傅里叶变换衰减全反射谱红外光谱薄膜流动池中硼酸镍层厚度的优化显示文摘在碱性甘油电氧化反应中,利用电化学傅里叶变换衰减全反射谱红外光谱法,研究了薄膜流动池中滴注硼酸镍催化剂负载量对玻碳电极性能的影响.连续操作的径向流动池包括一个位于内反射元件上方50μm的钻孔电极,可实现红外光谱分析.这是在确定条件下对电催化剂进行简便和可重复筛选的一个适合的方法,同时还提供了对复杂反应(如甘油氧化)产物选择性的检测.通过对泵送电解液进行更耗时的定量高效液相色谱分析,结果表明,衰减全反射红外光谱法可快速鉴定产物.在层流条件下,水中使用0.1 M甘油和1 M KOH,流速为5μL min^(-1)时,甘油转化率较高.转化率和选择性取决于催化剂的负载量,负载量又决定了催化剂层的厚度和粗糙度.由于在更粗糙的膜中停留时间更长有利于再吸附和C-C键断裂,因此当负载量最高达210μg cm^(-2)时,甘油转化率为73%且甲酸选择性接近80%.当最低负载量为13μg cm^(-2)时,甘油转化率达到63%,甲酸选择性降至60%,相应地,C_(2)物种(如乙醇酸盐)选择性较高,为8%.因此,只有催化剂负载量较低时才能形成几微米厚度范围内的薄膜,此时才适合进行优质催化剂的筛选. | Steffen Cychy Sebastian Lechler Zijian Huang Michael Braun Ann Cathrin Brix Peter Blümler Corina Andronescu Friederike Schmid Wolfgang Schuhmann Martin Muhler | 2021 | Chinese Journal of Catalysis2021，42，12： | 2 |
| 4 | Management of intracranial dypertention显示文摘 | Donald W Peter BL | 1997 | Cotemporary Neurosurgery1997，19，1： | 1 |
| 5 | The european cancer anaemia survey(ECAS) : a large ,multinational ,prospective survey defining the prevalence, incidence, and tream~ent of anemia in cancer pa- tients显示文摘 | Heinz L Simon B Peter BL etal | 2004 | European Journal of Cancer2004，40，： | 1 |
| 6 | Tick,fly,and mosquito control-lessons from the past,solutions for the future显示文摘 | Peter RJ Van den Bossche P Penzhorn BL | 2005 | Vet Parasitol2005，132，34： | 1 |
| 7 | Noninvasive measurements of blood flow and extraction fraction显示文摘 | Peters AM Gunasekera RD Henderson BL | 1987 | Nucl Med Commun1987，8，： | 1 |
| 8 | Noninvasive measurement of blood flow and extraction fraction显示文摘 | Peters AM Gunasekera RD Henderson BL | 1987 | Nuel Med Commun1987，10，： | 1 |
| 9 | The European Cancer Anemia Servey (ECAS):A large, multinational, prospective suevey defing the prevalence, incidence, and treatment of anemia in cancer patients 显示文摘 | Ligwid H Simon B Peter BL | 2004 | European Journal of Cancer2004，40，15： | 1 |
| 10 | The european cancer anaemia survey (ECAS):A large,multinational,prospective survey defining the prevalence,incidence,and treatment of anemia in cancer patients显示文摘 | Heinz L Simon B Peter BL | 2004 | European Journal of Cancer2004，40，： | 1 |
| 11 | The excavation damaged zone in clay formations time-dependent behaviour and influence on performance assessment显示文摘 | Peter Blümling Frédéric Bernier Patrick Lebon C. Derek Martin | 2006 | Physics and Chemistry of the Earth2006，，： | 1 |
| 12 | Non-invasive measurements of blood flow and extraction fraction显示文摘 | Gunasekera RD Henderson BL | 1987 | Nucl Med Commun1987，8，10： | 1 |
| 13 | Management of intracranial dypertension显示文摘 | Donald W Peter BL | 1997 | Contemporary neurosurgery1997，19，： | 1 |
| 14 | Non-invasive measurements of blood flow and extraction fraction显示文摘 | Peters AM Gunasekera RD Henderson BL | 1987 | Nuclear Medicine Communications1987，8，： | 1 |
| 15 | Management of intracranial dyper- tension 显示文摘 | Donald W Peter BL | 1997 | Contemporary Neurosurgery1997，19，1： | 1 |
| 16 | Noninvasive measurement of blood flow and extraction fraction显示文摘 | Peters AM Gunasekera RD Henderson BL | 1987 | Nucl MedComunun1987，8，10： | 1 |
| 17 | Noninvasive measurement of blood flow and extraction fraction 显示文摘 | Peters AM Gunasekera RD Henderson BL | 1987 | Nucl Med Commun1987，8，10： | 1 |
| 18 | Pathology of the large intestine in patients with vascular type Ehlers-Danlos syndrome显示文摘 | Hendrik Bl?ker Benjamin Funke Ingrid Hausser Thilo Hackert Peter Schirmacher Frank Autschbach | 2007 | Virchows Archiv2007，，6： | 1 |
| 19 | Point -of- care testing (POCT) : Current techniques and future perspectives 显示文摘 | Peter BL Carolin M Alice S | 2011 | Trends Anal Chem2011，30，6： | 1 |
| 20 | Mechanisms of artemisinin resistance in the rodent malaria pathogen Plasmodium yoelii显示文摘 | Walker D J Pitsch JL Peng MM Robinson BL Peters W Bhisutthibhan J Meshnick SR | | 0，，02： | 1 |
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