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| 1 | Primary scientific results of Chang'E-1 lunar mission显示文摘The strategic plan for the development of the unmanned Chinese Lunar Exploration Program is characterized by three distinct stages: 'orbiting around', 'landing on' and 'returning from' the Moon. The first Chinese lunar probe, Chang'E-1, which was successfully launched on October 24th, 2007 at Xichang Satellite Launch Center, and guided to crash on the Moon on March 1st, 2009, at 52.36°E, 1.50°S, in the north of Mare Fecunditatis, is the first step towards the 'orbiting around' stage. The Chang'E-1 mission lasted 495 days, exceeding the expected life-span by about four months. A total of 1.37 TB raw data was received from Chang'E-1. It was then processed into 4 TB scientific data products at various levels. Many scientific results have been obtained by analyzing these data, including especially the 'global lunar image from the first Chinese lunar explora- tion mission'. All scientific goals of Chang'E-1 have been achieved. It provides much useful materials for further advances of lunar sciences and planetary chemistry. Meanwhile, these results will serve as a firm basis for future Chinese lunar missions. | OUYANG ZiYuan1,2, LI ChunLai1, ZOU YongLiao1, ZHANG HongBo1, Lü Chang1, LIU JianZhong1, LIU JianJun1, ZUO Wei1, SU Yan1, WEN WeiBin1, BIAN Wei1, ZHAO BaoChang3, WANG JianYu4, YANG JianFeng3, CHANG Jin5, WANG HuanYu6, ZHANG XiaoHui7, WANG ShiJin7, WANG Min1, REN Xin1, MU LingLi1, KONG DeQing1, WANG XiaoQian1, WANG Fang1, GENG Liang1, ZHANG ZhouBin1, ZHENG Lei1, ZHU XinYing1, ZHENG YongChun1, LI JunDuo1, ZOU XiaoDuan1, XU Chun1, SHI ShuoBiao1, GAO YiFei1 & GAO GuanNan1 1 National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China 2 Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guiyang 550002, China 3 Xi’an Institute of Optics and Precision Mechanics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xi’an 710119, China 4 Shanghai Institute of Technical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200083, China 5 Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China 6 Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China 7 Center for Space Science and Applied Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China | 2010 | Science China Earth Sciences2010，53，11： | 11 |
| 2 | The investigation of the Neupert effect in two solar flares显示文摘The Neupert effect suggests a flare model in which the nonthermal emissions are produced by energetic electrons which heat lower corona and chromosphere to produce the thermal emissions. Based on this concept, we investigate the Neupert effect to test the correlation between the hard X-ray spectral index and the time rate of the UV flare area at 1600 or 171 . Using the T RACE and RHESSI observations, we explore these quantities for two solar flares, one on March 14, 2002 and the other on November 1, 2003. The negative dependence between the spectral index and the time rate of the UV flare area is found, especially during the hard X-ray sub-peaks. This finding indicates that the electron-beam-driven heating plays a prominent role in the UV emission of these two flares. | NING ZongJun Purple Mountain Observatory, Nanjing 210008, China | 2009 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2009，52，11： | 4 |
| 3 | Autonomous satellite constellation orbit determination using the star sensor and inter-satellite links data显示文摘A method of autonomous orbit determination for a satellite constellation using a star sensor combined with inter satellite links(ISLs) is studied.Two types of simulated observation data,Three-Satellite Constellation ISLs and background stellar observations by a CCD star sensor,are first produced.Based on these data,an observation equation is built for the constellation joint autonomous orbit determination,in which the simulations are run.The accuracy of this method with different orbital determination models are analyzed and compared with regard to the effect of potential measurement errors.The results show that autonomous satellite constellation orbit determination using star sensor measurement and ISLs data is feasible.Finally,this paper arrives at several conclusions which contribute to extending this method to a more general satellite constellation. | GAN QingBo1,2,MA JianBo1 & XU Jin1 1 Purple Mountain Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China 2 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China | 2010 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2010，53，5： | 3 |
| 4 | Numerical simulations of magnetic reconnection in the lower solar atmosphere显示文摘Observations indicate that Ellerman bombs (EBs) and chromospheric microflares both occur in the lower solar atmosphere,and share many common features,such as temperature enhancements,accompanying jet-like mass motions,short life-time,and so on.These strongly suggest that EBs and chromospheric microflares could both probably be induced by magnetic reconnection in the lower solar atmosphere.With gravity,ionization and radiation considered,we perform two-dimensional numerical simulations of magnetic reconnection in the lower solar atmosphere.The influence of different parameters,such as intensity of the magnetic field and anomalous resistivity,on the results are investigated.Our result demonstrates that the temperature increases are mainly due to the joule dissipation caused by magnetic reconnection.The spectral profiles of EBs and chromospheric microflares are calculated with the non-LTE radiative transfer theory and compared with observations.It is found that the typical features of the two phenomena can be qualitatively reproduced. | Xiao-Yan Xu 1,2,Cheng Fang 2,Ming-De Ding 2 and Dan-Hui Gao 2 1 Purple Mountain Observatory,Chinese Academy of Science,Nanjing 210008,China 2 Department of Astronomy,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China | 2011 | Research in Astronomy and Astrophysics2011，11，2： | 3 |
| 5 | Magnetic energy injection in GRB 080913显示文摘GRB 080913,with a spectroscopically determined redshift of z=6.7,was the record holder for being the most remote stellar object before the discovery of the recent gamma-ray burst GRB 090423,whose redshift is about 8.2.The gradually accumulated high redshift GRB sample has shed light on the origin and physical properties of GRBs during the cosmic re-ionization epoch.Here,we present a detailed numerical fit to the multi-wavelength data of the optical afterglow of GRB 080913 and then constrain its circumburst environment and the other model parameters.We conclude that the late optical/X-ray plateau at about one day since the burst is due to the Poynting-flux dominated injection from the central engine which is very likely a massive spinning black hole with super strong magnetic fields. | LIU XueWen,WU XueFeng & LU Tan Purple Mountain Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China | 2010 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2010，53，S1： | 2 |
| 6 | “Double dawn”eclipse and the rotational variation of the earth显示文摘A record of 'double dawn' at State Zheng in the first year of the reign of King Yi in Western Zhou Dynasty in the chronicle 'Bamboo Annals' (Zhushu Jinian) is discussed. We think that it may be a record of an annular solar eclipse happening in 899 BC. The record and the AT, which describes the secular variation of the earth’s rotation, are analyzed and discussed. | ZHANG Peiyu & HAN Yanben1. Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China 2. Beijing Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, National Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012, China | 2000 | Chinese Science Bulletin2000，45，11： | 2 |
| 7 | Electron surfing acceleration in a current sheet of flares显示文摘A model of electron acceleration in a current sheet of flares is studied by the analytical approximation solution and the test particle simulation. The electron can be trapped in a potential of propagating electrostatic wave. The trapped electron moving with the phase velocity vp of wave may be effectively accelerated by evc p× Bz force along the outflow direction in the current sheet, if a criterion condition K > 0 for electron surfing acceleration is satisfied. The electron will be accelerated continuously until the electron detrap from the wave potential at the turning point S. | WANG DeYu1 & LU QuanMing2 1 Purple Mountain Observatory, Nanjing 210008, China 2 School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230026, China | 2009 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2009，52，11： | 1 |
| 8 | Down-regulated NOD2 by immunosuppressants in peripheral blood cells in patients with sle reduces the muramyl dipeptide-induced IL-10 production显示文摘 | YU S L WONG C K WONG PURPLE TSZ-YAN | 2011 | PLoS One2011，6，23： | 1 |
| 9 | A Note on the Mixing Length Theory and Massive Star Evolution显示文摘In this paper, we investigate the problem of supersonic convection caused by the application of the usual Mixing Length Theory (MLT), and give a modification to the original expression of the MLT. In the case of the usual MLT, a zone of supersonic convection exists when the stellar model goes into yellow-red supergiant phase. When the modification is applied, the models of late type supergiants possess shallower convective envelopes for a given temperature compared with the normal formalism of the MLT. Therefore the stellar models made with our new formalism move to lower effective temperature by 100-400 K depending on the luminosity of the star. Such a modification does not affect the convective envelope structure of lower luminosity late type stars, as both expressions of the MLT give the same result. In these stars. | Li-Cai Deng and Da-Run Xiong ( Beijing Astronomical Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100012 Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing210008 National Astronomical Observatories, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beij | 2001 | Chinese Journal of Astronomy and Astrophysics2001，1，1： | 1 |
| 10 | The simulation of GCRs at near earth interplanetary locations for radioprotection显示文摘The interplanetary radiation environment is detrimental to space missions,giving rise to cumulative damage to both astronauts and payloads and enhanced background levels in detectors.Therefore,there is a pressing need for a reliable simulation of these harmful effects for risk assessment and shielding optimization in manned space missions.We have modeled the interaction processes of the two most abundant galactic cosmic ray particle fluxes(protons and helium nuclei) using the Geant4 toolkit for a given space vehicle model.The total energy deposited due to protons and helium nuclei is calculated in this work,and the energy deposited due to the secondary particles generated by this radiation is also estimated. | BAO Gang Purple Mountain Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China | 2010 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2010，53，9： | 1 |
| 11 | Drifting bands of solar radio spikes显示文摘The solar flare(1N/C5.3) occurred in NOAA 8742 on October 27,1999,and the accompanied complex radio burst was observed by the spectrometer with both high temporal(5 ms) and frequency(10 MHz) resolutions at Purple Mountain Observatory(PMO).It started at 04:27:42 UT,peaked at 04:28:42 UT and ended at 04:29:18 UT.The most significant feature of the event might be the sequential spikes in both time and frequency to form three slow drift bands over the frequency range of ~5 to ≥7.5 GHz with almost the same drift rate about 2.7 GHz/s.The relative bandwidth for the individual spikes varied from 1.6% to 4.9%,typically 3.3%.Based on electron cyclotron maser action driven by loss-cone anisotropy,the rare phenomena of slow drift band consisting of spikes were interpreted by spike source moving back and forth along the magnetic loop.Also,the estimations of the narrow bandwidths of spike given by electron cyclotron maser theory coincided well with the observations. | XU FuYing1,2& WU HongAo1,2 1 Purple Mountain Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China 2 National Astronomical Observatories,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100012,China | 2008 | Chinese Science Bulletin2008，53，4： | 1 |
| 12 | Effects of using the oxygen-carrying fluorocarbon,FC43,on the ERG of the arterlathy perfused cat eye 显示文摘 | Purple RL | 1989 | Curr Eye1989，8，： | 1 |
| 13 | Suprathermal particle events observed by WIND spacecraft in interplanetary space during 1995―1999 and their classification显示文摘Fifty-five suprathermal particle events were selected from WIND observations between 1995 and 1999. Based on systematic analysis on the observational characteristics of these events a two-parameter (the rising time and the flux ratio of electrons to protons in each event) classification method was proposed to classify these events. The three clas-sified classes are (1) impulsive electron events with the flux ratio of electrons to protons being bigger than 1 and rising time being shorter than 200 min, (2) impulsive proton events with the flux ratio being smaller than 1 and rising time being shorter than 200 min, and (3) gradual proton events with the flux ratio being smaller than 1 and the rising time being longer than 200 min. In the past, 'impulsive solar electron events' were under in-tense research. However, because the selection standards of their velocity dispersions or pitch-angle distributions were inadequate, statistical surveys of selected events were dif-ferent from each other and even some conclusions were not consistent with the theory, for example, the relation of type-III solar radio bursts to the 'impulsive solar electron events'. The first class of impulsive electron events are associated with type-III radio bursts and with clear velocity dispersions; therefore they ought to originate from the Sun. The second class of the events, which have short continuance time and usually are not associated with type-III radio bursts and without velocity dispersion, are still far away from inter-planetary shocks and most of them do not one-to-one correspond to corrotating interact-ing regions (CIRs); such events are possible results of local interplanetary magnetic field reconnection or electromagnetic disturbances. Finally, about 2/3 gradual proton events of the third class occur with interplanetary shocks, the delay times of which are almost equal to the rising time. Some of these events can be understood as particle accelerations by shocks. | SUN LingPeng1,2, WU DeJin1 & WANG DeYu1 1 Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China 2 Graduate School of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China | 2008 | Science China(Technological Sciences)2008，51，9： | 1 |
| 14 | A paired comparison of two models of experimental retinal ischemia 显示文摘 | Gehlbach PL Purple RL | 1994 | Curr Eye Res1994，13，8： | 1 |
| 15 | THE FRAGMENTS OF COMET HYAKUTAKE (C/1996 B2) | Chen Dao-han Zhao Ai-di Wu Qin-di Song Yi Fan Yi-xin(Purple Mountain Observatory, Academia Sinica , Nanjing 210008, China )Sun Shou-sheng Zhang Yan Sun Li-nan :(Qingdao Station of Purple Mountain Observatory, Qingdao 266003, China) | 1998 | 紫金山天文台台刊1998，，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Hyperproduction of IL-23 and IL-17 in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus: Implications for Th17-mediated inflammation in auto-immunity显示文摘 | Chun Kwok Wong Lydia Choi Wan Lit Lai Shan Tam Edmund Kwok Ming Li Purple Tsz Yan Wong Christopher Wai Kei Lam | 2008 | Clinical Immunology2008，，3： | 1 |
| 17 | Effects of various solar indices on accuracy of Earth’s thermospheric neutral density models显示文摘Four kinds of solar indices F10.7, E10.7, S10, Mg10 and four thermospheric neutral density models, i.e., CIRA72, DTM94, NRLMSISE00 and JB2006, are discussed. The CHAMP accelerometer data are used to calculate thermospheric total mass density. Based on the comparison of the model densities with CHAMP observations, the effects of various indices on the model accuracy are detected. It is found that under quiet and moderate solar conditions (F10.7<160), all of the models’ errors are reduced about 15% by using E10.7 instead of F10.7, while under active solar conditions (F10.7>200) the error’s standard deviation using E10.7 increases quickly and causes the models’ accuracy to fall down. With regard to S10, Mg10, their effects under quiet solar conditions are inconspicuous. If under active solar conditions, they can reduce the model error’s standard deviation by 5%-10%, implying that S10, Mg10 make the model error more stable. The JB2006 model, which was constructed by multi-solar-index (F10.7, S10, Mg10), is compared with DTM94 and NRLMSISE00 based on single-solar-index. It is found that JB2006’s accuracy is better than DTM94’s, and is close to NRLMSISE00 under the quiet solar condition. During the solar burst occurring on October 26, 2003, JB2006 has been in best agreement with CHAMP observations. All in all, the new indices may improve thermospheric density models’ accuracy under some special conditions. Concretely, E10.7 may reduce the average error of models and S10, Mg10 may prevent the error’s divergence. | WANG HongBo1,2 & ZHAO ChangYin1 1 Purple Mountain Observatory, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China 2 Graduate University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China | 2009 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2009，52，7： | 1 |
| 18 | Paired comparison of two models of experi- mental retinal ischemia 显示文摘 | Gehlbach PL Purple RL | 1994 | Curr Eye Res1994，13，8： | 1 |
| 19 | A preliminary report显示文摘 | Summers CG Purple RL Krivit W :Ocular changes in the mucopolysaccharidoses after bone marrow transplantation | 1989 | Ophthalmology1989，96，： | 1 |
| 20 | Diffuse interstellar absorption bands显示文摘The diffuse interstellar bands(DIBs) are a large number of absorption bands that are superposed on the interstellar extinction curve and are of interstellar origin. Since the discovery of the first two DIBs in the 1920s,the exact nature of DIBs still remains unclear. This article reviews the history of the detections of DIBs in the Milky Way and external galaxies,the major observational characteristics of DIBs,the correlations or anti-correlations among DIBs or between DIBs and other interstellar features(e.g. the prominent 2175 Angstrom extinction bump and the far-ultraviolet extinction rise),and the proposed candidate carriers. Whether they are also present in circumstellar environments is also discussed. | XIANG FuYuan1,2,LIANG ShunLin2 & LI AiGen2,3 1 Faculty of Materials,Photoelectronics and Physics,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan 411105,China 2 Department of Physics and Astronomy,University of Missouri,Columbia,MO 65211,USA 3 Purple Mountain Observatory,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China | 2009 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2009，52，4： | 1 |
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