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| 1 | On the timing of the East Asian summer monsoon maximum during the Holocene Does the speleothem oxygen isotope record reflect monsoon rainfall variability?显示文摘The evolution of the East Asian summer monsoon(EASM) during the Holocene has long been of significant interest.Knowledge of past EASM variability not only increases our understanding of monsoon dynamics on a long timescale,but it also provides an environmental and climatic background for research into Chinese cultural development.However,the timing of the EASM maximum remains controversial.The popular concept of an 'early Holocene maximum' is mainly based on speleothemδ^(18)O(δ^(18)O_c) records from caves in southern China;however,the interpretation of δ^(18)O_C as a reliable proxy for EASM intensity is being increasingly challenged.The present paper is a critical review of the climatic significance of the δ^(18)O_C record from China.Firstly,we suggest that precipitation in northern China is an appropriate index of EASM intensity,the variation of which clearly indicates a mid-Holocene monsoon maximum.Secondly,an interregional comparison demonstrates that the precipitation record in northern China is quite different from that in southern China on a range of timescales,and is inconsistent with the spatial similarity exhibited by speleothem oxygen isotope records.Furthermore,both modeling and observational data show that the δ^(18)O_C records from southern China indeed reflect changes in precipitation δ^(18)O(δ^(18)O_P) rather than precipitation amount,and therefore that their use as an EASM proxy is inappropriate.Finally,we address several significant monsoon-related issues-including the driving mechanism of the EASM on an orbital timescale,the climatic significance of speleothem oxygen isotopes,and the relationship between atmospheric circulation and precipitation in monsoonal regions. | CHEN JianHui RAO ZhiGuo LIU JianBao HUANG Wei FENG Song DONG GuangHui HU Yu XU QingHai CHEN FaHu | 2016 | Science China(Information Sciences)2016，59，12： | 18 |
| 2 | High-speed silicon photonic Mach–Zehnder modulator at 2 μm显示文摘Recently,2-μm wave band has gained increasing interest due to its potential application for next-generation optical communication.But the development of 2-μm optical communications is substantially hampered by the modulation speed due to the device bandwidth constraints.Thus,a high-speed modulator is highly demanded at 2μm.Motivated by this prospect,we demonstrate a high-speed silicon Mach–Zehnder modulator for a 2-μm wave band.The device is configured as a single-ended push–pull structure with waveguide electrorefraction via the free carrier plasma effect.The modulator was fabricated via a multiproject wafer shuttle run at a commercial silicon photonic foundry.The modulation efficiency of a single arm is measured to be 1.6 V·cm.The high-speed characterization is also performed,and the modulation speed can reach 80 Gbit/s with 4-level pulse amplitude modulation(PAM-4)formats. | Xi Wang Weihong Shen Wenxiang Li Yingjie Liu Yong Yao Jiangbing Du Qinghai Song Ke Xu | 2021 | Photonics Research2021，9，4： | 7 |
| 3 | Influences of solid particles on the formation of the third phase crud during solvent extraction显示文摘The influences of solid particles in leach solution on the formation of the third phase crud during solvent extrac-tion of copper were studied. Analyzed from the point of view of pH value and surface tension, the study results showed that the solid particle is one of the most important contributors for the formation of the third phase crud. During solvent extrac-tion, if the pH value was greater than 2.30, the number of solid particles in the mother solution increased, in which case the possibility of forming the third phase crud could also increase, and the interface tension value might grow in pace with the quantity of the third phase crud. | ZHENG Qi RUAN Renman WEN Jiankang SONG Yongsheng DONG Qinghai WU Minglin YAO Guocheng | 2007 | Rare Metals2007，26，1： | 6 |
| 4 | In Situ Synthesis of Fluorescent Mesoporous Silica–Carbon Dot Nanohybrids Featuring Folate Receptor-Overexpressing Cancer Cell Targeting and Drug Delivery显示文摘Multifunctional nanocarrier-based theranostics is supposed to overcome some key problems in cancer treatment.In this work,a novel method for the preparation of a fluorescent mesoporous silica–carbon dot nanohybrid was developed.Carbon dots(CDs),from folic acid as the raw material,were prepared in situ and anchored on the surface of amino-modified mesoporous silica nanoparticles(MSNs–NH2) via a microwave-assisted solvothermal reaction.The as-prepared nanohybrid(designated MSNs–CDs) not only exhibited strong and stable yellow emission but also preserved the unique features of MSNs(e.g.,mesoporous structure,large specific surface area,and good biocompatibility),demonstrating a potential capability for fluorescence imagingguided drug delivery.More interestingly,the MSNs–CDs nanohybrid was able to selectively target folate receptor-overexpressing cancer cells(e.g.,HeLa),indicating that folic acid still retained its function even after undergoing the solvothermal reaction.Benefited by these excellent properties,the fluorescent MSNs–CDs nanohybrid can be employed as a fluorescence-guided nanocarrier for the targeted deliveryof anticancer drugs(e.g.,doxorubicin),thereby enhancing chemotherapeutic efficacy and reducing side effects.Our studies may provide a facile strategy for the fabrication of multifunctional MSN-based theranostic platforms,which is beneficial in the diagnosis and therapy of cancers in future. | Shuai Zhao Shan Sun Kai Jiang Yuhui Wang Yu Liu Song Wu Zhongjun Li Qinghai Shu Hengwei Lin | 2019 | Nano-Micro Letters2019，11，2： | 5 |
| 5 | Emerging opportunities for ultra-high Q whispering gallery mode microcavities显示文摘Whispering gallery modes (WGMs) were first discovered for sound waves in the whispering gallery of St Paul’s Cathedral and explained by Rayleigh [1] in 1878. In 1961, Garrett et al.[2] applied the concept of WGMs to optical systems and realized stimulated emissions in Sm2+-doped CaF2 spheres.Since then, WGMs have been widely and intensively studied in a range of micro-sized systems, including microdroplets,microspheres, microtoroids, microdisks, and microtubes. | QingHai Song | 2019 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2019，62，7： | 5 |
| 6 | Study on phase diagrams and properties of solutions in ternary systems Li+,K+(Mg2+)/SO42--H2O at 25℃显示文摘Solubilities of ternary systems Li+,K+/SO42--H2O (1) and Li+,Mg2+/SO42-H2O (2) were investigated by isothermal method at 25℃. Physico-chemical properties of solutions, such as density, refractive index, viscosity, conductivity and pH, were determined. Phase diagram of the system (1) consists of three solubility branches and three crystallization fields corresponding to K2SO4, Li2SO4.H2O and LiKSO4. LiKSO4 is an incongruent compound, and its transition point is estimated graphically to be 45.5-46.0℃. No solid solution of LiKSO4 with Li2SO4.H2O was found in the system. The system (2) is a simple eutonic type. Pitzer model of electrolyte solution was used to check the obtained solubilities. Data comparison gives good agreement. Two equations were used to correlate density, refractive index of the solution with its composition. Differences between measured and calculated values are less than 0.6% for density, 0.15% for the latter. | LI,Bing LI, Jun FANG, Chun-Hui WANG, Qing-Zhong SONG, Peng-ShengQinghai Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, China | 1995 | Chinese Journal of Chemistry1995，13，2： | 5 |
| 7 | Emerging material platforms for integrated microcavity photonics显示文摘Many breakthroughs in technologies are closely associated with the deep understanding and development of new material platforms.As the main material used in microelectronics,Si also plays a leading role in the development of integrated photonics.The indirect bandgap,absence ofχ(2)nonlinearity and the parasitic nonlinear absorptions at the telecom band of Si imposed technological bottlenecks for further improving the performances and expanding the functionalities of Si microcavities in which the circulating light intensity is dramatically amplified.The past two decades have witnessed the burgeoning of the novel material platforms that are compatible with the complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor(COMS)process.In particular,the unprecedented optical properties of the emerging materials in the thin film form have resulted in revolutionary progress in microcavity photonics.In this review article,we summarize the recently developed material platforms for integrated photonics with the focus on chip-scale microcavity devices.The material characteristics,fabrication processes and device applications have been thoroughly discussed for the most widely used new material platforms.We also discuss open challenges and opportunities in microcavity photonics,such as heterogeneous integrated devices,and provide an outlook for the future development of integrated microcavities. | Jin Liu Fang Bo Lin Chang Chun-Hua Dong Xin Ou Blake Regan Xiaoqin Shen Qinghai Song Baicheng Yao Wenfu Zhang Chang-Ling Zou Yun-Feng Xiao | 2022 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2022，65，10： | 3 |
| 8 | Direct observation of chaotic resonances in optical microcavities显示文摘Optical microcavities play a significant role in the study of classical and quantum chaos.To date,most experimental explorations of their internal wave dynamics have focused on the properties of their inputs and outputs,without directly interrogating the dynamics and the associated mode patterns inside.As a result,this key information is rarely retrieved with certainty,which significantly restricts the verification and understanding of the actual chaotic motion.Here we demonstrate a simple and robust approach to directly and rapidly map the internal mode patterns in chaotic microcavities.By introducing a local index perturbation through a pump laser,we report a spectral response of optical microcavities that is proportional to the internal field distribution.With this technique,chaotic modes with staggered mode spacings can be distinguished.Consequently,a complete chaos assisted tunneling(CAT)and its time-reversed process are experimentally verified in the optical domain with unprecedented certainty. | Shuai Wang Shuai Liu Yilin Liu Shumin Xiao Zi Wang Yubin Fan Jiecai Han Li Ge Qinghai Song | 2021 | Light(Science & Applications)2021，10，8： | 3 |
| 9 | Dispersion engineering and measurement in crystalline microresonators using a fiber ring etalon显示文摘Dispersion engineering and measurement are significant for nonlinear photonic applications using whispering gallery mode microresonators.Specifically,the Kerr microresonator frequency comb as an important example has attracted a great amount of interest in research fields due to the potential capability of full integration on a chip.A simple and cost-efficient way for dispersion measurements is thereby in high demand for designing such a microcomb device.Here,we report a dispersion measurement approach using a fiber ring etalon reference.The free spectral range of the etalon is first measured through sideband modulation,and the dispersion of the etalon is inferred by binary function fitting during the dispersion measurement.This method is demonstrated on two MgF_(2) disk resonators.Experimental results show good agreement with numerical simulations using the finite element method.Dispersion engineering on such resonators is also numerically investigated. | XIAOBAO ZHANG GUOPING LIN TANG SUN QINGHAI SONG GUANGZONG XIAO HUI LUO | 2021 | Photonics Research2021，9，11： | 2 |
| 10 | Design of a barcode-like waveguide nanostructure for efficient chip-fiber coupling显示文摘A barcode-like waveguide nanostructure with discretized multilevel pixel lines is designed and optimized by a nonlinear search algorithm. We obtain the design of a one-dimensional multilevel nanostructure with-1.04 d B efficiency for surface normal coupling to a standard single-mode fiber. Another design is achieved from the automatic optimization process, which enables polarization-independent coupling to a single-mode fiber. The optimum coupling efficiency is simulated to be-2.83 dB for TE and-3.49 for TM polarization centered near the 1550 nm wavelength. Polarization-dependent loss of less than 1 dB over 45.3 nm is achieved. | Xiang Wen Ke Xu Qinghai Song | 2016 | Photonics Research2016，4，6： | 2 |
| 11 | Thermodynamics of mixture of boric acid with lithium borate and chloride显示文摘The first thermodynamic dissociation constants of boric acid in aqueous solution of lithium chloride with borate at five different temperatures from 278.15 to 318.15 K were evaluated from emf values of the cell without liquid junction potential with the improved extrapolation and polynomial approximation on the basis of Pitzer’s theory. Values obtained from both methods are in good agreement with each other. Pitzer’s parameters β(0) and β(1) of LiB(OH)4 and other thermodynamic quantities of dissociation process of boric acid are obtained. Results have been discussed. | WANG, Dong-Bao SONG, Peng-Sheng The Institute of Salt Lakes, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Xining, Qinghai 810008, ChinaYANG, Jia-ZhenDepartment of Chemistry, Liaoning University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110036, China | 1994 | Chinese Journal of Chemistry1994，12，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Observation of a manifold in the chaotic phase space of an asymmetric optical microcavity显示文摘Chaotic dynamics in optical microcavities, governed dominantly by manifolds, is of great importance for both fundamental studies and photonic applications. Here, we report the experimental observation of a stable manifold characterized by energy and momentum evolution in the nearly chaotic phase space of an asymmetric optical microcavity. By controlling the radius of a fiber coupler and the coupling azimuth of the cavity, corresponding to the momentum and position of the input light, the injected light can in principle excite the system from a desired position in phase space. It is found that once the input light approaches the stable manifold, the angular momentum of the light experiences a rapid increase, and the energy is confined in the cavity for a long time.Consequently, the distribution of the stable manifold is visualized by the output power and the coupling depth to high-Q modes extracted from the transmission spectra, which is consistent with theoretical predictions by the ray model. This work opens a new path to understand the chaotic dynamics and reconstruct the complex structure in phase space, providing a new paradigm of manipulating photons in wave chaos. | Yan-Jun QiAN Qi-Tao CAO Shuai Wan Yu-Zhong Gu Li-Kun Chen Chun-Hua Dong Qinghai Song Qihuang Gong Yun-Feng Xiao | 2021 | Photonics Research2021，9，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Improvement of the chirality near avoided resonance crossing in optical microcavity显示文摘Chirality is one of the important phenomena at the vicinity of exceptional point(EP). The conventional understanding is that the chirality is determined by asymmetrical scattering efficiency(?), which reaches to zero only when the resonance approaches EP. Here we study the possibility to enhance the chirality in open systems with a more robust mechanism. By combining chirality with avoided resonance crossing, we show that the chirality and ? can be dramatically modified. Taking a spiral shaped annular cavity as an example, we show that the chirality of optical resonances can be significantly improved when two sets of chiral states approach each other. The imbalance between counterclockwise(CCW) components and clockwise(CW) components has been enhanced by more than an order of magnitude. Our research provides a new route to tailor and control the chirality in open systems. | SONG QingHai GU ZhiYuan ZHANG Nan WANG KaiYang YI Ning Bo XIAO ShuMin | 2015 | Science China(Physics,Mechanics & Astronomy)2015，58，11： | 1 |
| 14 | Observational study of the physical and chemical characteristics of the winter radiation fog in the tropical rainforest in Xishuangbanna, China显示文摘We conducted a three-month field experiment focusing on the physical and chemical characteristics of fog in a tropical rainforest in Xishuangbanna,Southwest China,in the winter of 2019.In general,the fog would form at midnight and persist because of the increased long-wave radiative cooling combined with the high relative humidity,gentle breeze,and a relatively low aerosol number concentration in the forest;the fog would dissipate before noon due to the increasing turbulence near the surface.This diurnal cycle is typical for radiation fog.The microphysical fog properties included a relatively low number concentration of the fog droplet,large droplet size,high liquid water content,narrow droplet number-size distribution,and high supersaturation.The chemical properties showed that the fog water was slightly alkaline with low electrical conductivity,whereas the highest proportions of anions and cations therein were Cl^(−)and Ca^(2+),respectively;the chemical components were enriched in small fog droplets.In addition,we indirectly calculated the fog supersaturation according to theκ-Köhler theory.We found that condensation broadens the droplet number-size distribution at relatively low supersaturation,which is positively correlated with the fog-droplet number concentration and negatively correlated with the droplet mean-volume diameter;this affects the key microphysical processes of fog. | Yuan WANG Shengjie NIU Chunsong LU Jingjing LV Jing ZHANG Hongwei ZHANG Sirui ZHANG Naifu SHAO Wei SUN Yuchen JIN Qinghai SONG | 2021 | Science China Earth Sciences2021，64，11： | 1 |
| 15 | Narrow-band polarized light emission from organic microcavity fabricated by sol gel technique 显示文摘 | Song Qinghai Liu Li ying Ling Tao | 2003 | Applied Physics Letters2003，82，18： | 1 |
| 16 | High energy and insensitive explosives based on energetic porous aromatic frameworks显示文摘The design and synthesis of energetic materials with a compatibility of high energy and insensitivity have always been the research fronts in military and civilian fields.Considering excellent performances of porous organic frameworks and the lack of research in the field of energetic materials,in this study,a new concept named energetic porous aromatic frameworks(EPAFs)is proposed.The strategy of coating high energy explosives such as 2,4,6,8,10,12-hexanitro-2,4,6,8,10,12-hexaazaisowurtzitane(CL-20)and 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetrazocane(HMX)in the EPAFs by wet-infiltration method has successfully realized the assembly of target energetic composite materials.The results show that the 75 wt.%CL-20@EPAF-1 possesses the safer impact sensitivity of 31.4 J than that of CL-20(4.0 J).Notably,for 75 wt.%CL-20@EPAF-1,in addition to the superior detonation performances of the detonation velocity(8,761 m·s^(-1))and detonation pressure(31.27 GPa),the synergistic effect of the nitrogen-rich EPAFs and the nitramines high energy explosives results in a higher heat of detonation that surpasses the most of pristine high explosives and reported novel energetic materials.In prospect,energetic porous aromatic frameworks could be a promising and inspiring strategy to build high energy insensitive energetic materials. | Jian Song Yansong Shi YaoLu Qinghai Shu Yuyang Tian Fengchao Cui Xiaosong Duli Xijuan Lv Shaohua Jin Guangshan Zhu | 2022 | Nano Research2022，15，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Effect of Deformation between Stands on the Strip Shape in Hot Rolling显示文摘A theoretical model about the secondary deformation is developed by the combination of analytical and experimental approaches. A system simulation based on the model is completed to predict the strip profile after the interstand deformation. On the other hand, comprehensive experiments and quantitative comparisons are made to calibrate the model for a wide variety of products. As a result, the correction of the model has been verified by the actual rolling data from production mill and it is helpful to improve the strip shape control. | Qinghai Wu, Jie Zhang, Changsong Wang, Gangcheng Wei, Ping Song, Changhe Deng ( Mechanical Engineering School, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China Wuhan Iron & Steel Corporation) | 2000 | International Journal of Minerals,Metallurgy and Materials2000，14，3： | 1 |
| 18 | Liquid-Crystal- Based Tunable High-Q Directional Random Laser from a Planar Random Microcavily 显示文摘 | Song Qinghai Xiao Shumin Zhou Xinchuan | 2007 | Optics Letters2007，32，4： | 1 |
| 19 | Random Lasing in Bone Tissue显示文摘 | Song Qinghai Xiao Shumin Xu Zhengbin | 2010 | Optics Letters2010，35，9： | 1 |
| 20 | Lanthanide-doped nanocrystals in high-Q microtoroids for stable on-chip white-light lasers显示文摘The plentiful energy states of lanthanide(Ln^(3+))-doped nanomaterials make them very promising for on-chip integrated white-light lasers.Despite the rapid progresses,the Ln^(3+)-based white upconversion emissions are strongly restricted by their low upconversion quantum efficiency and the color stability.Herein,we combine the CaF_(2):Yb_(35)Tm_(1.5)Er_(0.5)nanocrystals and the high-Q microtoroids,and experimentally demonstrate the chip-integrated stable white-light laser.By optimizing the sizes,density,and distributions of Ln^(3+)-doped nanocrystals,the Q factors of Ln^(3+)-doped microtoroids are maintained as high as 5×10^(5).The strong light matter interaction in high-Q microtoroids greatly enhances the upconversion emission and dramatically reduces the laser thresholds at 652 nm,545 nm,and 475 nm to similarly low values(1.89-2.10 m J cm^(-2)).Consequently,robust white-light microlaser has been experimentally achieved from a single microtoroid.This research has paved a solid step toward the chip-scale integrated broadband microlasers. | LIMIN JIN ZHUO LIU YUQI ZHANG YUNKAI WU YILIN LIU HUACHUN DENG QINGHAI SONG SHUMIN XIAO | 2022 | Photonics Research2022，10，7： | 1 |
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