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| 1 | Coronary Artery Chronic Total Occlusion显示文摘Coronary artery chronic total occlusion(CTO)is defi ned as an occluded coronary artery segment without anterograde fl ow for at least three months.It can be classified as a“true”or“functional”CTO based on flow characteristics.In“true”CTO,there is no anterograde flow.In“functional”CTO,there is minimal anterograde flow through the occluded segment of the coronary artery.CTO is a common fi nding during coronary angiography and its prevalence may vary depending on the reported literature.Among patients without previous coronary artery bypass grafting(CABG),CTO is found in about 20–30% of the patients.CTO may develop insidiously over a period of time and involve a complex interplay between intracellular and extracellular factors,smooth muscle and foam cells,calcifi cation,and neovascularization.There is a growing body of evidence to support that CTO revascularization may improve clinical outcome when compared to medical management.Both the European and American cardiovascular societies support CTO revascularization with a class 2a recommendation(level of evidence B).Historically,due to low procedural success rate,apparent ineffi cient resource utilization,potential increase in complication rates and uncertain clinical benefi ts,only about 10–20%of patients with CTO are treated with percutaneous coronary intervention(PCI).Recent advances using novel and innovative techniques with dedicated equipment have signifi cantly improved the procedural success rate for CTO PCI to about 90%in the hands of experienced operators.With increasing interest in CTO PCI coupled with increased educational effort,CTO PCI likely will become more accessible to patients in need of CTO revascularization.Ongoing advancement in innovative techniques and equipment will continue to improve procedural success rates and reduce procedural complication rate for CTO PCI.Furthermore,there are a number of prospective clinical trials on the horizon which should help defi ne the clinical benefi ts and limitations of CTO PCI in the near future. | Calvin Choi Nayan Agarwal Ki Park R.David Anderson | 2016 | Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications2016，，B05： | 1 |
| 2 | The A1C and ABCD of glycaemia management in type 2 diabetes: a physician’s personalized approach显示文摘 | PaoloPozzilli R.David Leslie JulianaChan RalphDe Fronzo LouisMonnier ItamarRaz StefanoDel Prato | 2010 | Diabetes Metab Res Rev2010，，4： | 1 |
| 3 | Taxing Variable Cost: Environmental Regulation as Industrial Policy显示文摘 | R.David Simpson Robert L. Bradford III | 1996 | Journal of Environmental Economics and Management1996，，3： | 1 |
| 4 | Wind Energy System显示文摘 | R.DAVID RICHARDSON GERALD M. McNERNY | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 5 | 利用生物信息学方法和多抗原表位DNA免疫方法研制有效的抗蛇毒血清显示文摘传统的抗蛇毒血清是从全毒免疫的马或绵羊的血清中提取,但目前的免疫方法包括对马或绵羊进行的超免也不能达到对大多数临床上重要的毒素都产生免疫应答的目标。目前利物浦大学的Simon. C. Wagstaff等研究人员开发了一种最新的研制抗蛇毒血清的方法—通过鉴定蛇毒金属蛋白酶(SVMPs,SVMPs主要是产生持续性致死性出血,SVMPs很复杂,它具有多种功能型,能作用于多种底物)中有重要临床意义的7个部分,并将它们改造成单链DNA作为免疫原免疫小鼠产生特异抗体。为研发更合理的抗蛇毒血清制备方法提供了依据。 | 余方芳 范泉水 蓝海 Simon C. Wagstaff Gavin D. Laing R.David G.Theakston Christina Papaspyridis Robert A. Harrison | 2007 | 蛇志2007，19，3： | 0 |
| 6 | Current Status of Coronary Atherectomy显示文摘There are several techniques for performing coronary atherosclerotic plaque modification,known as atherectomy.Historically,clinical trials show mostly equivalence between various coronary atherectomy techniques,balloon angioplasty,and percutaneous coronary stenting.In the last several years the use of a given atherectomy technique has been mostly as a means of facilitating stent delivery in vessels that are heavily calcified.No clinical trials have shown superiority of any atherectomy method over more standard techniques of percutaneous coronary intervention.This review begins with a discussion of directional atherectomy,which is no longer available.The rotational atherectomy technique and its clinical trial data are presented.Orbital atherectomy is then discussed in detail,including the relevant clinical trials.Finally,laser atherectomy techniques are reviewed,and the pertinent trial data are presented.Lastly,future directions are detailed. | Ahmad A.Mahmoud Ahmed N.Mahmoud Akram Y.Elgendy R.David Anderson | 2018 | Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications2018，，B07： | 0 |
| 7 | Renal Denervation:Past,Present,and Future显示文摘Over the past decade,percutaneous renal denervation has been vigorously investigated as a treatment for resistant hypertension.The SYMPLICITY radiofrequency catheter system(Medtronic CardioVascular Inc.,Santa Rosa,CA,USA)is the most tested device in clinical trials.After the positive results of small phase I and II clinical trials,SYMPLICITY HTN-3(a phase III,multi-center,blinded,sham-controlled randomized clinical trial)was completed in 2014,but did not show signifi cant blood pressure lowering effect with renal denervation compared to medical therapy and caused the investigators and industry to revisit both the basic science elements of renal denervation as well as the design of related clinical trials.This review summarizes the SYMPLICITY trials,analyzes the SYMPLICITY HTN-3 data,and provides insights gained from this trial in the design of the most recent clinical trial,the SPYRAL HTN Global clinical trial.Other than hypertension,the role of renal denervation in the management of other disease processes such as systolic and diastolic heart failure,metabolic syndrome,arrhythmia,and obstructive sleep apnea with the common pathophysiologic pathway of sympathetic overactivity is also discussed. | Negiin Pourafshar Ashkan Karimi R.David Anderson Seyed Hossein Alaei-Andabili David E.Kandzari | 2016 | Cardiovascular Innovations and Applications2016，，B05： | 0 |
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