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| 1 | 末次冰消期亚洲季风突变事件的精确定年:以贵州衙门洞石笋为例显示文摘通过贵州衙门洞Y1石笋33个U/Th年龄和1020个氧同位素数据的分析,重建了西南地区末次冰消期至全新世早期(16.2~7.3kaBP)平均分辨率达9a的亚洲夏季风演化特征.该时段发生的气候突变事件,在Y1石笋记录中得到明显揭示,类似格陵兰冰芯记录的GI-1e~GI-1a事件(GIS)可以定义末次冰消期亚洲季风突变事件的中国基准(CIS)为A.1e~A.1a,Y1石笋δ18O值记录这些事件的开始时限分别为:(14750±50),(14100±60),(13870±80),(13370±80)和(12990±80)aBP;A.1a结束进入YD事件为(12850±50)aBP,YD结束进入全新世为(11500±40)aBP,其中BA转换(A.1e开始)和YD转换前后δ18O值有3‰的变幅.Y1记录区域对比表明亚洲季风在早全新世期间总体增强的趋势在各地区并没有显著的相位差异,因而不支持东亚和印度季风在轨道尺度上的反相位关系.Y1记录支持近10年来石笋研究的结果,即亚洲季风气候变化的驱动机制除了主导的太阳辐射、大西洋径向环流(MOC)及热带辐合带(ITCZ)运移外,短尺度上的季风变化和太阳活动密切相关. | 杨琰 袁道先 程海 张美良 覃嘉铭 林玉石 朱晓燕 R.Lawrence EDWARDS | 2010 | 中国科学(D辑)2010，40，2： | 32 |
| 2 | 广西崇左江州木榄山智人洞古人类遗址及其地质时代显示文摘关于现代智人起源的争论一直是国际古人类学研究的前沿与热点.最近,在广西崇左木榄山智人洞发现了具有现代人解剖特征初始状态的人类下颌骨化石及大量与之共生的哺乳动物化石.木榄山智人洞哺乳动物群以江南象与初现的亚洲象及巨獏等组合为其特征,截然不同于华南早更新世的巨猿动物群和中更新世的大熊猫-剑齿象动物群,是典型亚洲象动物群的早期代表.依动物群性质、地层对比及铀系年代测定木榄山化石智人和伴生的哺乳动物群的时代为距今约11万年的晚更新世早期.该动物群主要由热带-亚热带型动物组成,但木榄山动物群中森林型动物种类单调,草地类型的动物相当多,这表明当时的气候可能比以前干燥.木榄山智人的发现对研究现代人起源及其环境背景具有非常重要的意义. | 金昌柱 潘文石 张颖奇 蔡演军 徐钦琦 唐治路 王頠 王元 刘金毅 秦大公 R.Lawrence Edwards CHENG Hai | 2009 | 科学通报2009，54，19： | 23 |
| 3 | Great flood in the middle-lower Yellow River reaches at 4000 a BP inferred from accurately-dated stalagmite records显示文摘Recently,Wu et al.[1]suggested an earthquake-induced landslide dam outburst flood on the eastern Tibetan Plateau at 1920BCE(3870 a BP,BP denotes year before 1950 CE)caused the Great Flood in the middle-lower Yellow River reaches,and resulted in the founding of Xia Dynasty at 3850 a BP.This age is$150–300younger than the previously estimated age of the Xia Dynasty[2].While the geological evidence of the outburst flood。 | Liangcheng Tan Chuan-Chou Shen Yanjun Cai Hai Cheng R.Lawrence Edwards | 2018 | Science Bulletin2018，63，4： | 16 |
| 4 | 人类活动和气候变化触发了中国西南石漠化的扩张显示文摘研究石漠化扩张的机制,有利于岩溶地区人与自然的可持续发展.中国西南大面积的石漠化是受气候变化还是人类活动的主导仍然存在争议.通过贵州省石将军洞高精度的石笋δ^(13)C记录,本研究重建了过去2000年来中国西南区域的石漠化演变.从中世纪暖期到小冰期,石将军洞石笋δ^(13)C持续偏重;在同一时期,中国西南区域其他石笋和钙华的δ^(13)C记录都表现出同样显著偏重的趋势.由于石笋δ^(13)C记录能够反映洞穴上部的生态环境变化,因此中国西南区域石笋δ^(13)C一致的变化可能反映了中国西南喀斯特地区石漠化扩张的过程.中世纪暖期亚洲夏季风加强,雨带北移,导致了中国西南干旱,北方湿润;相反,在小冰期中国西南湿润,北方干旱.此外,北宋末年靖康事件(AD1127)后中国政治经济中心首次迁移到中国南方,改变了历史上中国人口北多南少的分布模式.因此,中世纪暖期中国西南干旱的气候和大量人口的迁入、战争、大规模开垦耕地以及大面积农作物的种植,加剧了中国西南石漠化的扩张. | 陈朝军 袁道先 程海 Tsai Luen YU Chuan Chou SHEN R.Lawrence EDWARDS 吴尧 肖思雅 张键 王涛 黄冉 刘子琦 李廷勇 李俊云 | 2021 | 中国科学:地球科学2021，51，11： | 7 |
| 5 | Application of Avaatech X-ray fluorescence core-scanning in Sr/Ca analysis of speleothems显示文摘Application of X-ray fluorescence core-scanning(XRF-CS) on both marine and lake sediments has achieved remarkable results. However, its application has not been widely extended to the research on speleothems. In this study, we measure the Sr abundance and the Sr/Ca ratios of three stalagmites(two aragonite stalagmites, one calcite stalagmite) using the state-of-the-art fourth-generation Avaatech high-resolution XRF core scanner. Through comparisons among different scan paths and among different scan resolutions, as well as comparisons with inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer(ICP-OES), Itrax XRF, and Artax XRF results, we confirm that the Avaatech XRF core scanner could precisely, quickly, and nondestructively analyze the high-resolution Sr abundance of speleothems. Furthermore, we combine the stalagmite δ^(18)O records to explore the paleoclimatic significance of the measured stalagmite Sr/Ca. | Dong LI Liangcheng TAN Fei GUO Yanjun CAI Youbin SUN Gang XUE Xing CHENG Hong YAN Hai CHENG R.Lawrence EDWARDS Yongli GAO Jessica KELLEY | 2019 | Science China Earth Sciences2019，62，6： | 7 |
| 6 | 青藏高原上发现世界最老的岩面艺术显示文摘青藏高原高寒、缺氧,属于地球上居住条件极端恶劣的环境.人类在什么时候克服生理和生存的重重困难去征服高原是人类演化历史中至关重要的科学问题.在第二次青藏高原综合科学考察过程中,研究团队在西藏邱桑温泉附近发现了一组由古人类有意留下的手印和脚印(简称手脚印).通过对这些手脚印进行详细的3D扫描,解剖学和沉积学分析,以及铀系法测年,发现这些手脚印是由古人类在泉华软泥上用其手脚压制而成,随后这些留有印记的软泥迅速脱水并固结成岩,得以长期保留.这些手脚印形成于距今16.9~22.6万年,是人类占据高原已知最早的记录.由于这些有意压制的手脚印排列有序并富于创造性,研究团队认为这是世界上最古老的岩面艺术,其中的手印也是世界上目前已知最古老有意创作的手印.该研究显示邱桑古人类比智人走出非洲的时间更早,但与最近在青藏高原边缘发现的丹尼索瓦人的年代相近.手脚印的创作者究底是丹尼索瓦人还是其他直立人?这给考古学家们留下了新的挑战. | 章典 Matthew R.Bennett 程海 王蕾彬 张海伟 Sally C.Reynolds 张盛达 王晓晴 李腾 Tommy Urban 裴卿 吴志峰 张普 刘春茹 汪亚峰 王聪 张冬菊 R.Lawrence Edwards | 2021 | Science Bulletin2021，66，24： | 7 |
| 7 | Avaatech XRF岩芯扫描分析方法在石笋Sr/Ca测试中的应用显示文摘XRF岩芯扫描分析方法在海洋和湖泊沉积环境变化方面的应用研究,已取得了显著的成果.然而,目前其应用还没有广泛拓展到洞穴石笋的研究中.在本文中,我们利用最先进的第四代Avaatech高分辨率XRF岩芯扫描仪测试了3根石笋(2根文石石笋, 1根方解石石笋)的Sr元素以及Sr/Ca比值.通过不同扫描路径之间和不同扫描分辨率之间的对比,以及与ICP-OES、Itrax XRF和Artax XRF结果的对比,证实了Avaatech XRF岩芯扫描仪可以准确、快速、无损地进行石笋高分辨率Sr元素的测试.此外,我们还结合石笋氧同位素记录,尝试解释了所测石笋Sr/Ca的古气候意义. | 李东 谭亮成 郭飞 蔡演军 孙有斌 薛刚 成星 晏宏 程海 R.Lawrence EDWARDS 高永利 Jessica KELLEY | 2019 | 中国科学:地球科学2019，49，6： | 6 |
| 8 | 抗生素耐药性环境中产生和转移的人类健康风险评估(HHRA)显示文摘[背景]直到最近,人们才明确环境能影响抗生素耐药性风险对临床结果的影响,但迄今为止,很少有文献记录正式评估这些风险的方法。[目标]我们研究可能的方法,并试图确定人类健康风险评估(HHRA)的研究需求,这项评估注重环境在抗生素耐药性病原体所致的抗生素治疗失败中所起的作用。[方法]作者参加了2012年3月4—8日在加拿大魁北克省举行的研讨会,定义抗生素耐药性风险与人类健康环境评估的范围和目标。我们专注于环境中耐药性产生'热点区域'的关键要素,(与食品无关的)暴露评估以及剂量反应,以描述风险特征,从而改善抗生素耐药性管理的方案。[讨论]识别传统风险评估中有助于评估环境中抗生素耐药性的各个新方面。包括:a)解释附加的选择压力对环境耐药基因组的作用,即随着时间的推移,促使抗生素耐药性细菌(ARB)产生;b)在相关的环境组成部分的'热点区域'中识别和描述水平基因转移(HGT)率;c)针对不同健康结局和途径的ARB剂量修改传统的剂量反应方法。[结论]我们建议将抗生素耐药性产生造成的环境影响纳入所有涉及ARB的HHRA过程之中。由于可用的数据有限,一种多标准决策分析方法将有助于进行环境中抗生素耐药性的HHRA,并使风险管理者了解环境抗生素耐药性。 | Nicholas J.Ashbolt Alejandro Amézquita Thomas Backhaus Peter Borriello Kristian K.Brandt Peter Collignon Anja Coors Rita Finley William H.Gaze Thomas Heberer John R.Lawrence D.G.Joakim Larsson Scott A.McEwen James J.Ryan Jens Schnfeld Peter Silley Jason R.Snape Christel Van den Eede Edward Topp 王晓宇 张伊人 操仪 | 2014 | 环境与职业医学2014，31，2： | 3 |
| 9 | U-Th dating of deep-sea corals显示文摘 | Hai Cheng Jess Adkins R.Lawrence Edwards Edward A. Boyle | 2000 | Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta2000，，14： | 1 |
| 10 | 超级大旱与史前丝绸之路上的文化交流显示文摘中亚干旱区是丝绸之路的核心区,也是史前人类扩散和东西方文化交流的重要通道.该区气候干旱,植被和生态群落受制于水文因素.由于缺乏精确年代控制的高分辨率古气候记录,中亚地区全新世水文变化及极端干旱事件在史前人口迁移和跨欧亚大陆文化交流中扮演的角色还不清楚.本文基于来自吉尔吉斯斯坦的石笋多指标记录,重建了中亚干旱区目前年代最精确(测年误差~6‰)、分辨率最高(~3年)、涵盖中晚全新世的降水变化序列.结果显示在5820~5180 a BP期间,该区存在一次持续时间为640年的超级干旱事件,主要受西风带北移的影响.这次干旱事件对中亚史前文化的发展产生了重要影响,很可能阻碍了史前东西方文化沿中亚绿洲路线上的相向扩散,使得最早的跨欧亚大陆文化交流在5000~4000 a BP沿着北方草原路线开展.随着大干旱后降水的逐渐增加和生态环境的恢复,中亚绿洲和河谷中增加的定居人口促进了不同绿洲之间的相互联系,进一步在4000~3000 a BP开辟了跨大陆文化交流的史前丝绸之路,为历史时期丝绸之路的最终开通奠定了基础. | 谭亮成 董广辉 安芷生 R.Lawrence Edwards 黎海明 李东 Robert Spengler 蔡演军 程海 蓝江湖 Rustam Orozbaev 刘睿良 陈建徽 徐海 陈发虎 | 2021 | Science Bulletin2021，66，6： | 1 |
| 11 | A multiple-proxy stalagmite record reveals historical deforestation in central Shandong, northern China显示文摘Evaluating anthropogenic impacts on regional vegetation changes during historical time is not only important for a better understanding of the Anthropocene but also valuable in improving the vegetation-climate models.In this study,we analyzed stable isotopes(δ^18O,δ^13C)and trace elements(Mg/Ca,Sr/Ca)of a stalagmite from Huangchao Cave in central Shandong,northern China.230Th and AMS14C dating results indicate the stalagmite deposited during 174BC and AD1810,with a hiatus between AD638 and 1102.Broad similarities of theδ^18O and trace elements in the stalagmite suggest they are reliable precipitation indexes.Theδ^13C of the stalagmite,a proxy of vegetation change,was generally consistent with local precipitation and temperature variations on a centennial-scale before the 15th century.It typically varied from–9.6‰to–6.3‰,indicating climate controlled C3 type vegetation during this period.However,a persistent and marked increasing trend in theδ^13C record was observed since the 15th century,resulting inδ^13C values from–7.7‰to–1.6‰in the next four centuries.This unprecedentedδ^13C change caused by vegetation deterioration cannot be explained by climate change but is fairly consistent with the dramatically increasing population and farmland in Shandong.We suggest that the increasing deforestation and reclamation in central Shandong began to affect vegetation in the mountain region of central Shandong since the 15th century and severely destroyed or even cleared the forest during the 16th–18th century. | Liangcheng TAN Wen LIU Tianli WANG Peng CHENG Jingjie ZANG Xiqian WANG Le MA Dong LI Jianghu LAN R.Lawrence EDWARDS Hai CHENG Hai XU Li AI Yongli GAO Yanjun CAI | 2020 | Science China Earth Sciences2020，63，10： | 1 |
| 12 | 贵州七星洞石笋文石-方解石序列记录的气候变化显示文摘文石-方解石型石笋的矿物相变化可能与气候环境变化存在联系,但中国季风区有关此类石笋的古气候研究比较匮乏。本文对七星洞一个文石-方解石型石笋开展了岩石学鉴定和氧、碳同位素组成分析,发现其文石层的出现与δ^(18)O值、δ^(13)C值的显著偏正存在联系,通过对文石形成的可能机制和δ^(18)O、δ^(13)C值变化的一般规律进行综合分析,验证了该类石笋中文石层出现指示气候干旱的论点。将石笋校正后的方解石δ^(18)O序列与董哥洞δ^(18)O记录进行对比,发现七星洞石笋QXZ文石层指示的干旱事件与董哥洞记录中的弱季风事件存在一定的对应关系,因此,研究该类型石笋的矿物相变化对于全面认识研究区季风变化历史具有重要意义。 | 黄守毅 蔡演军 吕雁斌 贺梅 成星 程海 R.Lawrence Edwards | 2021 | 地球环境学报2021，12，6： | 0 |
| 13 | An annually laminated stalagmite from the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau provides evidence of climate instability during the early MIS5e in the Asian summer monsoon显示文摘The Marine Isotope Stage(MIS5e)is characterized by a warmer climate than that of the pre-industrial period,and serves as an analog for the Current Warm Period(CWP).However,uncertainties persist regarding its climatic stability.Here,we retrieved a stalagmite(WXB075)from Wanxiang Cave in the eastern Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau,and employed abs-olute^(230)Th dating and relative annual layer data to establish a high-precision chronological framework for reconstructing the history of the Asian summer monsoon(ASM)and environmental evolution during early MIS5e with multiple proxies.The findings indicate that the annually laminated stalagmite was formed during Cooling Event 27(C27).The deposition of WXB075 experienced a hiatus(~125.58 ka BP)due to a significant cooling event in the North Atlantic,which may be linked to the unstable climate in the Northern Hemisphere.Additionally,the impact of meltwater discharge in high northern latitudes results in a two-phase evolution of the ASM,i.e.,an initial weaker stage followed by a gradual increase(with exception of deposition hiatus).The climatic instability of ASM is generally characterized by a quasi-60 year cycle that affects vegetation conditions,biological productivity,and karst hydroclimate dynamics.However,the increase in meltwater and decrease in temperature in the Northern Hemisphere have led to a weakened ASM and subsequent reduction in precipitation.Consequently,vegetation degradation above the cave has occurred along with a slowdown of karst hydroclimate.The vegetation conditions,organic matter content,and wet/drought of the karst hydroclimate were affected by both the large-scale monsoon circulation and local environment during extreme weakening(strengthening)of the monsoon when high-frequency climatic events of ASM occurred.A comparison ofδ^(18)O records between early MIS5e and the past 2000 years reveals that the climate during early MIS5e differed significantly from that of CWP,Medieval Warm Period(MWP),and Dark Age Cold Period(DACP)but was similar to Little Ice Age(LIA).Comparison with other geological records from the Northern Hemisphere indicates that climate instability was a widespread phenomenon during MIS5e.The power spectrum analysis of WXB075δ^(18)O reveals significant quasi-60 and 35 a cycles during the early MIS5e,which is consistent with the Atlantic Multidecadal Oscillation(AMO).The comprehensive results demonstrate that the ASM in the early MIS5e was closely linked to solar activity,Intertropical Convergence Zone(ITCZ)position,and Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation(AMOC). | Tao GAO Pingzhong ZHANG Hai CHENG Leilei ZHANG Xinhu LI Hongyu SHI Wei JIA Youfeng NING Hanying LI R.Lawrence EDWARDS | 2023 | Science China Earth Sciences2023，66，5： | 0 |
| 14 | 青藏高原东部MIS5e早期亚洲夏季风气候不稳定性的年纹层石笋印迹显示文摘深海同位素5e阶段(Marine Isotope Stage,MIS5e)是比工业化前更温暖的气候时期,这一阶段的气候可为当代暖期(Current Warm Period,CWP)气候提供“气候变化的过去相似型”,但MIS5e时期气候内部稳定状况仍然不清楚.我们从青藏高原东部万象洞内采集到一根石笋WXB075,通过U-Th和纹层计数年代数据建立了该石笋生长的高精度年代模型,并利用多替代指标重建了MIS5e早期亚洲夏季风变迁与环境演化历史.结果显示,年纹层石笋WXB075生长于MIS5e早期的北大西洋C27(Cooling Event 27,C27)降温时期.受北大西洋降温的显著影响,该石笋生长被打断(沉积间断;~125.58ka BP),并可能与北半球气候不稳定状况有关.此外,由于北高纬冰融水排放的强烈作用,石笋WXB075δ^(18)O记录的MIS5e早期亚洲夏季风可定义为两个阶段:较弱阶段和逐步增强阶段(间断除外).总体上,亚洲夏季风气候不稳定性以准60a为循环周期,调控洞穴上覆植被状况、生物生产力变化和喀斯特动态水循环.然而,当北高纬冰融水排放加剧和温度降低时,亚洲夏季风强度减弱和降雨量大幅度减少并导致洞穴上覆植被退化和岩溶动态水循环减缓.而当亚洲夏季风高频气候事件发生时,洞穴上覆植被状况、有机质含量和喀斯特动态水循环干湿变化不仅受大尺度季风环流状况的显著影响,也深受局域环境的强烈作用.将MIS5e早期δ^(18)O记录与过去2000年以来δ^(18)O记录对比发现,MIS5e早期与CWP、中世纪暖期(Medieval Warm Period,MWP)和黑暗冷期(Dark Age Cold Period,DACP)亚洲夏季风存在镜像关系,而与小冰期(Little Ice Age,LIA)具有一定的相似性.通过与北半球其他地质记录对比,发现MIS5e时期气候不稳定性具有普遍性.功率谱结果显示,石笋WXB075MIS5e早期δ^(18)O记录具有显著的准60a和35a周期信号,与北大西洋多年代际涛动(Atlantic Multi-decadal Oscillation,AMO)周期一致.综合结果表明,MIS5e早期亚洲夏季风与太阳活动变化密切相关,并对热带复合带位置(Intertropical Convergence Zone,ITCZ)和大西洋径向翻转环流(Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation,AMOC)响应敏感. | 高涛 张平中 程海 张磊磊 李新虎 石宏宇 贾伟 宁有丰 李瀚瑛 R.Lawrence EDWARDS | 2023 | 中国科学:地球科学2023，53，5： | 0 |
| 15 | Summer Monsoon Rainfall Variability in Central China over the Past 4700 Years and Its Possible Link to Solar Activity显示文摘Based on 467 pairs ofδ^(18)O andδ^(13)C records and 8230 Th dates from a stalagmite(BF4)from Xiniu Cave,central China,we present a reconstruction of 9-yr resolution monsoon rainfall record for the past 4700 years.Ourδ^(18)O record shows good coherence with East Asian summer monsoon(EASM)rainfall proxies from adjacent regions during the overlapping intervals,suggesting thatδ^(18)O signal in BF4 can be interpreted as a monsoon rainfall proxy.Theδ^(13) C variations are related to changes in local processes at the cave site,and regional rainfall and temperature changes.Based on theδ18 O record,a series of dry periods can be identified at 4500-4200,3500-3200,2800-2500,1900-1600,1400-1200,700-500,and 400-200 yr BP,while a series of wet periods can be identified at 4200-3600,2400-2200,3200-2800,1100-900,600-400,and 200-100 yr BP.Power spectrum analysis on ourδ^(18) O record reveals significant cycles at 470 and 80 yr,coinciding with the typical solar periodic variations.This result suggests that changes in solar activity play a dominant role in driving centennial-decadal monsoon rainfall variation in central China.Due to minor changes in solar irradiance(less than 1.5 W m^(-2))over the past 4700 years,our record was further compared to the El Nino-Southern Oscillation(ENSO)and Pacific Decadal Oscillation(PDO)proxies,confirming that solar forcing on monsoon rainfall changes might be amplified by the ENSO and PDO variations.From 600 to 150 yr BP(the Little Ice Age,LIA),a positive shift of 2‰can be revealed in both theδ^(18)O andδ^(13)C records,indicating a cold/dry climatic pattern.By comparing ourδ^(18)O andδ^(13)C records with historical documents,we suggest that the climatic deteriorations between 450 and 250 yr BP may have caused serious social unrest at the end of the Ming Dynasty. | Jingwei ZHANG Kan ZHAO Xinggong KONG Yongjin WANG Xianfang WANG Shushuang LIU Zhenjun WANG Hai CHENG R.Lawrence EDWARDS | 2021 | Journal of Meteorological Research2021，35，4： | 0 |
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