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| 1 | 藏南沉错湖泊沉积多指标揭示的2万年以来环境变化显示文摘通过对藏南沉错湖芯TC1孔的研究,分析了TC1孔的粒度、TOC、TN、C/N、Fe/Mn、Sr/Ba以及环境磁学参数等环境代用指标,基本上获得了这一地区2万年以来的环境变化记录.结果显示约19800~18000 Cal aBP的温度下降在各指标中具有明显的反映;约16000Cal aBP左右,温度在一次跃动上升之后,随即出现急剧下降;约15200~12000 Cal aBP,是降温之后的缓慢回升过程;约12000~9500Cal aBP,各种指标均显示湖区环境处于不适宜阶段,特别是11600~10400 Cal aBP,湖区环境显著恶化.进入全新世后,湖区环境经历了3次明显的暖期(约9 500~7600 Cal aBP、约6800~5800Cal aBP、约4800~3800 Cal aBP)和2次冷期(约7600~6800 Cal aBP、约5 800~4800 Cal aBP),呈现出暖干/冷湿的交替规律,具有南亚季风(西南季风)区气候变化的特征.沉错湖区2万年来的气候环境变化序列中的某些特征时段与格陵兰冰芯记录和青藏高原其他记录相比具有较好的一致性,反映了湖区及藏南地区的气候环境演变特征具有全球性特征. | 朱立平 王君波 陈玲 杨京蓉 李炳元 朱照宇 Hiroyki Kitagawa Gran Possnert | 2004 | 地理学报2004，59，4： | 38 |
| 2 | Can acupuncture therapy reduce preoperative anxiety?A systematic review and meta-analysis显示文摘Background:Acupuncture therapy has shown promise for effectively relieving preoperative anxiety.Nevertheless,previous findings from randomized controlled trials(RCTs)are inconsistent and must be examined in detail.Objective:This study systematically evaluates the efficacy and safety of acupuncture therapy for preoperative anxiety as well as the quality of evidence supporting this application.Search strategy:The China National Knowledge Infrastructure Database,Wanfang Data Journal Database,Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,Chongqing VIP,Embase,Pub Med and Cochrane Library Databases were queried from their inception to 19,February 2020,using keywords such as“acupuncture therapy,”“preoperative”and“anxioty.”Manual searches expanded the search breadth and included conference abstracts and other reference lists.Inclusion criteria:RCTs were included in the current study if they contained a comparison between a group of anxiety patients that received acupuncture therapy and a control group that received sham acupuncture.Data extraction and analysis:Literature was reviewed,and various articles were selected using the Note Express 3.2.0 software.Two researchers independently screened and extracted data and evaluated the risk of bias in the included studies.The Rev Man 5.3 software was used for data aggregation and the Grades of Recommendation,Assessment,Development and Evaluation(GRADE)assessment was used to evaluate the quality of the study outcomes.Results:Twelve studies were included in the review,containing a total of 916 patients.Meta-analysis showed that,compared with the control group,patients who received acupuncture therapy had reduced State-Trait Anxiety Inventory Scale(STAI-S)score(mean difference[MD]=–9.07,95%confidence interval[CI][–13.19 to–4.96],P<0.0001)and Visual Analogue Scale(VAS)score(MD=–1.37,95%CI[–2.29 to–0.45],P=0.003).However,for the Hamilton Anxiety Scale(HAMA)score,there was no difference between the two groups(MD=–3.98,95%CI[–12.89 to 4.92],P=0.38).Further,the GRADE assessment demonstrated that the STAI-S was of moderate quality,the VAS of low quality and the HAMA of very low quality.Conclusion:Acupuncture therapy may be able to decrease anxiety in preoperative patients,but the results need to be further verified due to the small sample sizes and the low quality of evidence to date. | Qiu-yu Tong Ran Liu Kun Zhang Yuan G ao Guang-wei Cui Wei-dong Shen | 2021 | Journal of Integrative Medicine2021，19，1： | 15 |
| 3 | Impact of Renewable Energy Sources on Steady-state Stability of Weak AC/DC Systems显示文摘In recent years,the penetration of renewable resources into AC power systems has increased tremendously,creating a significantly impact on the latter’s operations and stability.In this respect,it is also important to gain a basic analytical understanding of such impact on the steady-state stability of power systems with electrically weak AC/DC interconnections,but such works are not very evident in the literature.Therefore,a classical analytic model of the single and multi-infeed HVDC system which now incorporates renewable resources is proposed.Then the well-established concept of voltage sensitivity of the AC/DC interconnection is applied to analyze the impact of the renewable resources on the steady-state stability of these composite system models,as well as on the influence of system conditions and parameters.This impact is also compared with that arising from other types of shunt devices alternatively connected at the same AC/DC interconnection,therefore their relative beneficial or negative impacts will also be benchmarked. | Denis Lee Hau Aik Göran Andersson | 2017 | CSEE Journal of Power and Energy Systems2017，3，4： | 11 |
| 4 | Stage and size using magnetic resonance imaging and endosonography in neoadjuvantly-treated rectal cancer显示文摘AIM: To assess the stage and size of rectal tumours using 1.5 Tesla (1.5T) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and three-dimensional (3D) endosonography (ERUS). METHODS: In this study, patients were recruited in a phaseⅠ/Ⅱ trial of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for biopsy-proven rectal cancer planned for surgical resection with or without preoperative radiotherapy. The feasibility and accuracy of 1.5T MRI and 3D ERUS were compared with the histopathology of the fixed surgical specimen (pathology) to determine the stage and size of the rectal cancer before and after neoadjuvant chemotherapy. A Philips Intera 1.5T with a cardiac 5-channel synergy surface coil was used for the MRI, and a B-K Medical Falcon 2101 EXL 3D-Probe was used at 13 MHz for the ERUS. Our hypothesis was that the staging accuracy would be the same when using MRI, ERUS and a combination of MRI and ERUS. For the combination, MRI was chosen for the assessment of the lymph nodes, and ERUS was chosen for the assessment of perirectal tissue penetration. The stage was dichotomised into stageⅠ and stage Ⅱ or greater. The size was measured as the supero-inferior length and the maximal transaxial area of the tumour. RESULTS: The staging feasibility was 37 of 37 for the MRI and 29 of 36 for the ERUS, with stenosis as a limiting factor. Complete sets of investigations were available in 18 patients for size and 23 patients for stage. The stage accuracy by MRI, ERUS and the combination of MRI and ERUS was 0.65, 0.70 and 0.74, respectively, before chemotherapy and 0.65, 0.78 and 0.83, respectively, after chemotherapy. The improvement of the post-chemotherapy staging using the combination of MRI and ERUS compared with the staging using MRI alone was significant (P = 0.046). The post-chemotherapy understaging frequency by MRI, ERUS and the combination of MRI and ERUS was 0.18, 0.14 and 0.045, respectively, and these differences were non-significant. The measurements of the supero-inferior length by ERUS compared with MRI were within 1.96 standard deviations of the difference between the methods (18 mm) for tumours smaller than 50 mm. The agreement with pathology was within 1.96 standard deviations of the difference between imaging and pathology for all tumours with MRI (15 mm) and for tumours that did not exceed 50 mm with ERUS (22 mm). Tumours exceeding 50 mm in length could not be reliably measured by ERUS due to the limit in the length of each recording. CONCLUSION: MRI is preferable to use when assessing the size of large or stenotic rectal tumours. However, staging accuracy is improved by combining MRI with ERUS. | Torbjrn Swartling Peter Klebo Kristoffer Derwinger Bengt Gustavsson Gran Kurlberg | 2013 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2013，19，21： | 9 |
| 5 | Irritable bowel syndrome subtypes differ in body awareness, psychological symptoms and biochemical stress markers显示文摘AIM: To elucidate the differences in somatic, psycho-logical and biochemical pattern between the subtypes of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). METHODS: Eighty IBS patients, 30 diarrhoea pre-dominant (D-IBS), 16 constipation predominant (C-IBS) and 34 alternating IBS (A-IBS) underwent physi-otherapeutic examinations for dysfunctions in body movements and awareness and were compared to an apparently healthy control group (AHC). All groups an-swered questionnaires for gastrointestinal and psycho-logical symptoms. Biochemical variables were analysed in blood. RESULTS: The D-IBS group showed less body aware-ness, less psychological symptoms, a more normal sense of coherence and psychosocial rating as well as higher C-peptide values. C-IBS had a higher degree of body dysfunction and psychological symptoms, as well as the lowest sense of coherence compared to controls and D-IBS. They also demonstrated the most elevated prolactin levels. A-IBS had the lowest degree of body disturbance, deteriorated quality of life and affected bi-ochemical pattern. All subtypes had higher pain scores compared to controls. In addition they all had signifi -cantly increased triglycerides and elevated morning cortisol levels, however, without statistical signifi cance compared with the controls.CONCLUSION: IBS subtypes showed different pro-files in body awareness, somatic and psychological symptoms and in biochemical variables. D-IBS differed compared to the other groups by lowered body aware-ness, less psychological symptoms and a higher sense of coherence and elevated C-peptide values. C-IBS and A-IBS subtypes suffered more from depression and anxiety, associated with a lower quality of life. These differences may be important and will be taken into account in our treatment of these patients. | Elsa M Eriksson Kristina I Andrén Henry T Eriksson Gran K Kurlberg | 2008 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2008，14，31： | 7 |
| 6 | 风力机叶片表面压力分布测量显示文摘本文给出了一个直径为5.35米的水平轴风力机在中国空气动力研究与发展中心12米×16米风洞试验段中进行的叶片表面压力分布的测量结果。在 Re 数从4×10~5至1.2×10~6的范围内,测量了叶片上八个剖面的压力分布。同时还用内式六分量天平测量了风轮的推力和功率。试验结果表明:风轮叶片根部处的载荷高于理论计算值,而叶尖处的载荷则低于理论计算值;叶素-动量理论对风轮最大功率预估偏低,而在高叶尖速比下,它对风轮的功率和推力预估偏高。测压试验结果与测力试验结果符合一致。 | 贺德馨 陈明 Gran Ronsten Jan-fbdke Dahlberg | 1990 | 气动实验与测量控制1990，4，4： | 5 |
| 7 | 参与式管理解决冲突:遥感和GIS用作瑞典北部驯鹿业土地利用需求信息交流的工具显示文摘在解决复杂的土地管理问题时,对短缺或者有争执的资源进行地理评估有助于不同利益相关者之间沟通认识和增进理解。本文中,我们说明如何使用遥感和GIS收集和汇总瑞典北部驯鹿放牧者和其他土地使用者(林业、采矿业、旅游业等等)的土地使用活动及使用模式的信息。该项目主要基于最终的土地使用者,即驯鹿放牧者们所做的工作,体现了面向土地使用者的新的努力。发展驯鹿业的土地利用规划的基础有以下几个方面:收集并数字化传统的驯鹿栖息地生态学和景观信息;将这些信息与来自野外调查及基于人造卫星观测的植被分类结果整合;绘制其他土地使用者的活动情况图。最终的土地利用规划提供的信息有利于驯鹿放牧者与其他利益相关者之间的磋商,并有助于驯鹿管理实施。该项目可作为一种大众参与和计划编制的模式,从而使本土信息和先进的遥感技术融入一个交互式的过程中。 | Per Sandstrm Tina Granqvist Pahlén Lars Edenius Hans Tφmmervik Olle Hagner Leif Hemberg Hkan Olsson Karin Baer Thomas Stenlund Lars Gran Brandt Mikael Egberth 周立志 程利群 | 2003 | AMBIO-人类环境杂志2003，32，8： | 4 |
| 8 | Molecular design and synthesis of self-assembling camptothecin drug amphiphiles显示文摘 | Andrew G CHEETHAM Yi-an LIN Ran LIN Honggang CUI | 2017 | Acta Pharmacologica Sinica2017，38，6： | 4 |
| 9 | NF-κB: A novel therapeutic pathway for gastroesophageal reflux disease?显示文摘Although gastroesophageal reflux disease(GERD),a common chronic disease in clinical practice,has been widely studied,its potential adverse impact on patients is still a significant clinical concern.It is necessary to understand the pathogenesis of the disease and choose appropriate treatment according to its mechanism.The pathogenesis of GERD is diverse and complex.As the traditional treatment methods are expensive and ineffective in alleviating symptoms in some patients,new treatment options need to be explored.Our previous study suggested that the activation of nuclear factor-kappa beta(NF-κB)in esophageal mucosa may be related to the injury of epithelial barrier function caused by reflux.Based on the literature and our previous study results,it is speculated that inhibition of NF-κB activation may block the insult of GERD on the esophageal mucosal barrier.NF-κB may play an important role in the development of GERD.This article reviews the pathogenesis of GERD and the relationship between NF-κB and GERD,in order to provide new strategies for the treatment of GERD. | Mao-Lin Zhang Long-Qing Ran Meng-Jun Wu Qin-Chen Jia Zhi-Ming Qin Yong G Peng | 2022 | World Journal of Clinical Cases2022，10，24： | 3 |
| 10 | Mapping aboveground biomass and its prediction uncertainty using LiDAR and field data, accounting for tree-level allometric and LiDAR model errors显示文摘Background: The increasing availability of remotely sensed data has recently challenged the traditional way of performing forest inventories, and induced an interest in model-based inference. Like traditional design-based inference, model-based inference allows for regional estimates of totals and means, but in addition for wall-to-wall mapping of forest characteristics. Recently Light Detection and Ranging(LiDAR)-based maps of forest attributes have been developed in many countries and been well received by users due to their accurate spatial representation of forest resources. However, the correspondence between such mapping and model-based inference is seldom appreciated. In this study we applied hierarchical model-based inference to produce aboveground biomass maps as well as maps of the corresponding prediction uncertainties with the same spatial resolution. Further, an estimator of mean biomass at regional level, and its uncertainty, was developed to demonstrate how mapping and regional level assessment can be combined within the framework of model-based inference.Results: Through a new version of hierarchical model-based estimation, allowing models to be nonlinear, we accounted for uncertainties in both the individual tree-level biomass models and the models linking plot level biomass predictions with LiDAR metrics. In a 5005 km2 large study area in south-central Sweden the predicted aboveground biomass at the level of 18 m×18 m map units was found to range between 9 and 447 Mg·ha^-1. The corresponding root mean square errors ranged between 10 and 162 Mg·ha^-1. For the entire study region, the mean aboveground biomass was 55 Mg·ha^-1 and the corresponding relative root mean square error 8%. At this level 75%of the mean square error was due to the uncertainty associated with tree-level models.Conclusions: Through the proposed method it is possible to link mapping and estimation within the framework of model-based inference. Uncertainties in both tree-level biomass models and models linking plot level biomass with LiDAR data are accounted for, both for the uncertainty maps and the overall estimates. The development of hierarchical model-based inference to handle nonlinear models was an important prerequisite for the study. | Svetlana Saarela AndréWästlund Emma Holmström Alex Appiah Mensah Sören Holm Mats Nilsson Jonas Fridman Göran Ståhl | 2020 | Forest Ecosystems2020，7，3： | 3 |
| 11 | 更年期医学:欧洲男女更年期协会2004/2005关于围绝经期和绝经后激素补充治疗的立场声明显示文摘目前从大量的随机对照临床试验(RCT)中已得出结论性的证据:对于经历令人痛苦的更年期症状的围绝经期和绝经后妇女,任何形式的全身HRT均可以缓解症状,没有其它治疗手段能产生相似效果。尽管这种证据与日俱增,但如何提供最好的临床医疗以减轻绝经症状和预防较远期的绝经后退化性疾病,仍在争论之中。当提供更年期医药时,HRT的剂量和方案的个体化是基于与症状的严重程度和绝经时间相关的最低有效剂量的原则。然而,在有症状的妇女中,尚没有多少关于长期应用不同HRT方案的资料,同时赖以说明心血管疾病、乳腺癌和骨质疏松症的基线风险的影响。在大多数病例中,个体化的处方联同生活方式的调整就可能对更年期症状、生活质量、性问题和骨质疏松症产生最终有益的作用,罕见严重副反应。基于最近的流行病学研究,不少是来自WHI中单用雌激素组的结果,欧洲男女更年期协会(EMAS)支持在有症状的妇女中进行新的HRT方案的研究,以提高临床中受益和风险之间的平衡,包括生活质量方面特有的信息;并解释美国和欧洲之间在治疗模式上的传统差异,以及在BMI、生活方式和饮食习惯方面的不同所产生的影响。对于早绝经(<45岁)的妇女,现有的资料支持HRT所特有的总体益处。目前,具有骨质疏松性骨折高危险性的妇女可考虑应用较长期的全身HRT,尤其是当其它治疗措施既不恰当又疗效不佳时,因为此时收益大于风险。而对于泌尿生殖道症状,已认为长期的局部雌激素治疗可能安全和有效。 | Sven O.Skouby Farook Al-Azzawi David Barlow Joaquin Calaf-Alsina Erdogan Ert ungealp Anne Gompel Alessandra Graziottin Decebal Hudita Amos ines Serge Rozenberg Gran Samsioe John C.Stevenson 陈瑛 | 2005 | 国外医学(妇幼保健分册)2005，16，5： | 3 |
| 12 | 环境中轮胎磨耗颗粒的产生及影响显示文摘消费产品和货物释放的污染物已经成为当今西方国家占支配地位的污染源。高速公路径流是水中沉积物、金属和碳氢化合物的主要来源,并且来自英国的研究数据表明,估计水中污染物总量的10%~12%来自高速公路径流。每条轿车轮胎在磨坏之前平均行驶40 000km,在其使用期间约30%的胎面胶被磨耗掉进入环境中。胎面胶含有范围广泛的各种化合物,并且一些化合物能溶入水中,对水中生物产生毒性。 | Anna Wik Gran Dave 赵敏 | 2014 | 轮胎工业2014，34，9： | 3 |
| 13 | 抗氧化剂L-乙酰半胱氨酸对大鼠脉冲噪声的保护作用显示文摘目的 研究抗氧化剂L 乙酰半胱氨酸是否能够保护脉冲噪声引起的耳聋。方法 第 1组动物 :8只大鼠暴露在16 0dBSPL 5 0次脉冲噪声。第 2组动物 :10只大鼠同样暴露 16 0dBSPL 5 0次脉冲噪声 ,但在噪声暴露前 1h ,噪声暴露后立刻 ,噪声暴露后 3h ,给予L 乙酰半胱氨酸腹腔内注射 (35 0mg·kg-1,IP)。第 3组动物 :5只给予腹腔注射L 乙酰半胱氨酸 3次 ,注射方法与第 2组相同 ,不暴露脉冲噪声。全部动物通过脑干诱发电位检测听力阈值在噪声前 ,噪声后立刻 ,噪声后 1d ,1,2 ,4wk。结果 第 1组 :比较噪声前和噪声后 ,全部频率有明显听力损失。第 2组 :大鼠暴露同样剂量噪声 ,立刻和 1天后检测ABR阈值与暴露前相比听力损失明显 ,1wk后在 4到 2 0kHz都有听力损失 ,但在 31 5和 4 0kHz已不明显。在 2和 4wk之后 ,各频率听力损失不明显。第 3组 :立刻 ,1d后 ,4wk后测量脑干诱发电位各频率无听力损失。结论 抗氧化剂L 乙酰半胱氨酸能够保护脉冲噪声引起的听力损害。 | 邱建新 童步升 吴开乐 Gran Laurell Erik Borg 段茂利 | 2004 | 中国药理学通报2004，20，7： | 3 |
| 14 | Biomarkers of Coagulation, Inflammation, and Angiogenesis are Independently Associated with Preeclampsia显示文摘 | Roland Boij Judit Svensson Kristina Nilsson‐Ekdahl Kerstin Sandholm Tomas L. Lindahl Elzbieta Palonek Mats Garle G?ran Berg Jan Ernerudh Maria Jenmalm Leif Matthiesen | 2012 | Am J Reprod Immunol2012，，3： | 2 |
| 15 | Variations in serum myoglobin after a 2-min isokinetic exercise test and the effects of training显示文摘 | Lars -Eric Roxin Per Venge G?ran Friman | 1984 | European Journal of Applied Physiology and Occupational Physiology1984，，： | 2 |
| 16 | 木焦油污染土壤中微生物特性的空间变异性研究显示文摘运用地统计学方法研究了木焦油污染土壤中微生物量、微生物群落结构、微生物活性等的空间变异特征.分别采用26种主要磷脂类脂肪酸(PLFA)的总含量(totPLFA)、PLFA的第一主成分和第二主成分(PLFAPC1和PC2)以及土壤培养过程中CO2C的累积释放量(Cre)来表征土壤中的微生物量、微生物群落结构以及微生物活性.结果表明,多数微生物特性指标均存在不同程度的空间自相关性,其半变异函数曲线可用带块金效应的球状模型进行拟合.变量的空间相关距离在2.50~16.60m之间.PLFAPC1、totPLFA和Cre均具有较强的空间依赖性,其相对结构变差(由结构性因素引起的空间变异)分别为82.3%、79.6%和64.7%,而PLFAPC2不存在明显的空间依赖性.克立格空间插值图表明,样地中存在几处微生物相对密集分布且代谢活性较高的区域,其中优势微生物菌群是由PLFAs16:1ω7t,cy17:0,18:1ω7和cy19:0所表征的革兰氏阴性细菌.土壤中主要污染物多环芳烃含量和空间分布是影响微生物特性空间分布格局的重要因素之一. | 杨秀虹 李适宇 Gran Bengtsson Niklas Trneman | 2005 | 应用生态学报2005，16，5： | 2 |
| 17 | Comparison of estimators of variance for forest inventories with systematic sampling-results from artificial populations显示文摘Background:Large area forest inventories often use regular grids(with a single random start)of sample locations to ensure a uniform sampling intensity across the space of the surveyed populations.A design-unbiased estimator of variance does not exist for this design.Oftentimes,a quasi-default estimator applicable to simple random sampling(SRS)is used,even if it carries with it the likely risk of overestimating the variance by a practically important margin.To better exploit the precision of systematic sampling we assess the performance of five estimators of variance,including the quasi default.In this study,simulated systematic sampling was applied to artificial populations with contrasting covariance structures and with or without linear trends.We compared the results obtained with the SRS,Matern’s,successive difference replication,Ripley’s,and D’Orazio’s variance estimators.Results:The variances obtained with the four alternatives to the SRS estimator of variance were strongly correlated,and in all study settings consistently closer to the target design variance than the estimator for SRS.The latter always produced the greatest overestimation.In populations with a near zero spatial autocorrelation,all estimators,performed equally,and delivered estimates close to the actual design variance.Conclusion:Without a linear trend,the SDR and DOR estimators were best with variance estimates more narrowly distributed around the benchmark;yet in terms of the least average absolute deviation,Matern’s estimator held a narrow lead.With a strong or moderate linear trend,Matern’s estimator is choice.In large populations,and a low sampling intensity,the performance of the investigated estimators becomes more similar. | Steen Magnussen Ronald EMcRoberts Johannes Breidenbach Thomas Nord-Larsen Göran Ståhl Lutz Fehrmann Sebastian Schnell | 2020 | Forest Ecosystems2020，7，2： | 2 |
| 18 | Immune Effector Mechanisms Implicated in Atherosclerosis: From Mice to Humans显示文摘 | Peter Libby Andrew H. Lichtman G?ran K. Hansson | 2013 | Immunity2013，，6： | 2 |
| 19 | Fecal calprotectin concentration predicts outcome in inflammatory bowel disease after induction therapy with TNFα blocking agents显示文摘 | Pauliina Molander Clas‐G?ran af Bj?rkesten Harri Mustonen Johanna Haapam?ki Matti Vauhkonen Kaija‐Leena Kolho Martti F?rkkil? Taina Sipponen | 2012 | Inflamm Bowel Dis2012，，11： | 2 |
| 20 | The treatment of liver fibrosis in- duced by hepatecyte growth factor-directed, ultrasound-targeted mierobub- ble destruction in rats显示文摘 | Wang Z X Wang Z G Ran H T | 2009 | Clin Imaging2009，33，6： | 1 |
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