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| 1 | Estimating the spatial distribution of organic carbon density for the soils of Ohio, USA显示文摘包含 1424 引用 geo 的土壤侧面的国家土壤调查中心的历史的数据库在这研究被使用为美国俄亥俄的土壤估计器官的碳(SOC ) 。学习的特定的目的是估计 SOC 密度的空间分发(C 存货每统一区域) 到为用地理上加权的回归(GWR ) 的俄亥俄的土壤的 1.0-m 深度,并且把结果与那从多重线性回归(MLR ) 获得了作比较。大约 80% 分析数据被用于刻度并且 20% 为确认。包括使用数据被用于印射 SOC 密度的地面属性,气候数据,基岩地质学,和土地的 20 个变量的一个总数。结果证明 GWR 向更好的评价提供了最低(3.81 kg m2 ) 根均方差(RMSE ) 比 MLR 途径。为在俄亥俄的土壤的全部的估计的 SOC 水池从 727 ~ 742 Tg 。这研究表明那,本地空间统计技术, GWR 能在作为与象 MLR 那样的另外的全球空间统计技术相比越过学习区域捕获 SOC 的空间分发更好表现。因此, GWR 为印射 SOC 密度提高精确性。 | Sandeep KUMAR Rattan LAL Desheng LIU Rashid RAFIQ | 2013 | Journal of Geographical Sciences2013，23，2： | 15 |
| 2 | Effects of Tillage Practices and Land Use Management on Soil Aggregates and Soil Organic Carbon in the North Appalachian Region,USA显示文摘Promoting soil carbon sequestration in agricultural land is one of the viable strategies to decelerate the observed climate changes.However,soil physical disturbances have aggravated the soil degradation process by accelerating erosion.Thus,reducing the magnitude and intensity of soil physical disturbance through appropriate farming/agricultural systems is essential to management of soil carbon sink capacity of agricultural lands.Four sites of different land use types/tillage practices,i) nc-till(NT) corn(Zea mays L.)(NTC),ii) conventional till(CT) corn(CTC),iii) pastureland(PL),and iv) native forest(NF),were selected at the North Appalachian Experimental Watershed Station,Ohio,USA to assess the impact of NT farming on soil aggregate indices including water-stable aggregation,mean weight diameter(MWD) and geometric mean diameter(GMD),and soil organic carbon and total nitrogen contents.The NTC plots received cow manure additions(about 15 t ha^(-1)) every other year.The CTC plots involved disking and chisel ploughing and liquid fertilizer application(110 L ha^(-1)).The results showed that both water-stable aggregation and MWD were greater in soil for NTC than for CTC.In the 0-10 cm soil layer,the > 4.75-mm size fraction dominated NTC and was 46%more than that for CTC,whereas the < 0.25-mm size fraction was 380%more for CTC than for NTC.The values of both MWD and GMD in soil for NTC(2.17 mm and 1.19 mm,respectively) were higher than those for CTC(1.47 and 0.72 mm,respectively) in the 0-10 cm soil layer.Macroaggregates contained 6%-42%and 13%-43%higher organic carbon and total nitrogen contents,respectively,than microaggregates in soil for all sites.Macroaggregates in soil for NTC contained 40%more organic carbon and total nitrogen over microaggregates in soil for CTC.Therefore,a higher proportion of microaggregates with lower organic carbon contents created a carbon-depleted environment for CTC.In contrast,soil for NTC had more aggregation and contained higher organic carbon content within water-stable aggregates.The soil organic carbon and total nitrogen stocks(Mg ha^(-1)) among the different sites followed the trend of NF > PL > NTC > CTC,being 35%-46%more for NTC over CTC.The NT practice enhanced soil organic carbon content over the CT practice and thus was an important strategy of carbon sequestration in cropland soils. | Arun Jyoti NATH Rattan LAL | 2017 | Pedosphere2017，27，1： | 11 |
| 3 | Spatio-temporal characteristics of cultivated land fragmentation in different landform areas with a case study in Northeast China显示文摘Assessing the temporal and spatial characteristics of cultivated land fragmentation is necessary to identify management practices that can reduce negative environmental effects.Thus,the purpose of this study was to use principal component analysis and spatial autocorrelation to analyze the dynamic characteristics of cultivated land fragmentation in different landform areas in Liaoning Province,China,in terms of time and space.An additional objective was to match the changes with the natural and social environment to support the sustainable development of fragmented cultivated land.The results indicated that the evolutionary trends of cultivated land fragmentation in the central plain area showed a weakening trend,contrary to those observed in the western hilly and eastern mountainous areas.Moreover,the spatial distribution characteristics of cultivated land fragmentation in the western hilly area were generally“external low,internal high,”primarily because of the edge density of cultivated land patches.The spatial distribution characteristics of cultivated land fragmentation in the central plain area were generally“external high,internal low,”primarily because of the number and division of cultivated land patches.The spatial distribution characteristics of cultivated land fragmentation in the eastern mountainous area were generally“south low,north high”because of the division of cultivated land patches.These results can provide guidelines for planners,managers,decision-makers and others to formulate regulatory policies,identify land remediation areas,and promote the sustainable development of cultivated land. | Fengkui Qian Yanru Chi Rattan Lal Klaus Lorenz | 2020 | Ecosystem Health and Sustainability2020，6，1： | 6 |
| 4 | Effects of Waxy Maize Relay Intercropping and Residue Retention on Rhizosphere Microbial Communities and Vegetable Yield in a Continuous Cropping System显示文摘Intercropping and residue retention contribute to high yield and quality of crops. However, their coupled effects on rhizospheric microbial communities under a continuous vegetable cropping system have not been adequately addressed. The objective of the present study was to assess the effects on soil microbial community and yields of waxy maize(Zea mays L.) intercropped with or without residue retention in a continuous broccoli(Brassica oleracea L.) cropping system, i.e., relay intercropping of broccoli and waxy maize(B/M-B), relay intercropping of broccoli and waxy maize with residue retention(B/MR-B), and broccoli monoculture(B-B). The biomass yields of spring and autumn vegetables in B/MR-B were 16.3%–32.5% and 30.1%–46.1% higher than those of B-B,respectively. Autumn vegetable economic yields of B/MR-B were 28.2%–40.3% higher than B-B. The average well color development followed the order: B/MR-B > B/M-B > B-B. The Shannon index, Simpson index, and Mc Intosh index were higher in B/MR-B than under monoculture. A principal component analysis showed that microbial communities of B/MR-B soils differed from those of B/M-B and B-B soils. Carbon(C) sources utilized by the rhizosphere microorganisms were mainly carbohydrates, carboxylic acids, amino acids, and polymers; however, the C sources for the soil microbial community differed between intercropping and monoculture. The communities from B/MR-B preferred amino acids and polymers. Available nitrogen(N), potassium(K), and phosphorus(P) had an obvious impact on soil microbial community. Additionally, the C source utilization by microorganisms was significantly affected by p H and available K and P. Cropping system diversification through relay intercropping and residue retention effectively improved the functional diversity of the soil microbial communities and increased the yields of vegetables. | ZHANG Xuepeng NING Tangyuan HAN Huifang SUN Tao LI Geng LI Zengjia Rattan LAL | 2018 | Pedosphere2018，28，1： | 5 |
| 5 | 前房注射0.1%莫西沙星联合结膜下注射曲安奈德预防超声乳化术后感染(英文)显示文摘目的:评估前房注射0.1%莫西沙星联合结膜下注射4 mg曲安奈德预防白内障超声乳化术后感染和炎症的疗效,并与局部滴药组比较。方法:共纳入1000例,平均年龄38~70岁,全部行超声乳化术的患者分为两组,两组在年龄、术前眼压(IOP)和中心黄斑厚度(CMT)方面无显著差异,分别为P=0.6,P=0.9和P=0.8。对照组患者500例,术后1mo每日4次局部应用0.5%盐酸莫西沙星和0.1%地塞米松滴眼液。研究组在手术结束时,前房注入0.1%莫西沙星0. 4 m L联合4 mg曲安奈德结膜下注射。随访时间为术后1d、1wk、1mo和3mo。检查4次前房反应,测量3次眼压,最后一次测量CMT。结果:该临床试验研究中两组人群分别应用不同的预防方法,两组无眼内炎病例发生。通过两样本t检验,术后1d,研究组前房细胞显著低于对照组,而术后1wk、1mo和3mo两组间无统计学差异。在第3mo随访时,两组间眼压和中心黄斑厚度无明显差异。对照组炎症发生率为9.6%,研究组为4%。对照组在1mo时眼压升高≥10 mmHg患者占2. 4%,显著高于研究(0.8%)。结论:白内障术后联合应用前房内莫西沙星和结膜下曲安奈德可有效预防感染和炎症,并且大多数(480例)患者不需其它任何外用药物,这为患者节省了成本,并帮助降低无法实施局部用药的病人并发症的几率与依从性差的患者术后不良药物反应。 | Suzan Amana Rattan Najah Kadhum Mohammad Mahir Kadhim Mutashar | 2018 | 国际眼科杂志2018，18，10： | 3 |
| 6 | Carbon capture and sequestration:The roles of agriculture and soils显示文摘Renewable energy as a replacement for fossil fuels is highly desirable,but the reality is that fossil fuels(especially coal and petroleum)will be major sources of global energy for many decades to come.Therefore,carbon capture is vital to reduce release of carbon emissions and other GHG’s to the atmosphere thereby mitigating global warming.This presentation is a review of the role of agriculture and soils in carbon capture.Carbon sequestration in soils is the process of transferring CO2 from the atmosphere into soils through crop residues.Soil carbon sequestration increases with practices long recommended to increase yields,such as no-till,manure application,agroforestry and cover cropping.It is a Win-Win-Win strategy―advancing food security,improving the environment,and mitigating global warming.Carbon enrichment in greenhouse culture is in widespread use and has been adopted by many commercial producers.It results in remarkable increases in yields of flowers and vegetables.Research has shown the same increase in yields of trees and field crops with higher CO2 concentrations.The question is,how can CO2 be applied to field crops to increase yields?Restoration of desertified lands would improve soil quality,increase the pool of C in soils and forests,reduce CO2 emission to the atmosphere,and improve soil quality.Sequestration of additional carbon in soils would reduce CO2 emissions to the atmosphere thus mitigating global warming.Reforestation of forests is important,but real trees have ecological limits.Artificial trees could be used to absorb CO2 from the air any place on the planet,from any source―power plants,vehicles,and all industrial applications.Addition of CO2 in irrigation water could reduce the pH and help restore alkaline soils.Research is needed to further clarify the cost and benefit of many agriculture technologies for capturing and storing carbon. | Bill Stout Rattan Lal Curtis Monger | 2016 | International Journal of Agricultural and Biological Engineering2016，9，1： | 2 |
| 7 | Soil conservation and ecosystem services显示文摘Accelerated soil erosion,driven by anthropogenic activities such as conversion of natural ecosystems to agroecosystems and mechanical tillage,has numerous adverse impacts on ecosystem services.In addition to degrading soil quality and reducing agronomic/biomass productivity on-site through a decrease in use-efficiency of inputs,off-site impacts of accelerated erosion include eutrophication and contamination,sedimentation of reservoirs and waterways,and emissions of greenhouse gases(e.g.,CO_(2),CH_(4) and N_(2)O).While advancing food and nutritional security,adoption of restorative land use and recommended management practices are important to strengthening numerous ecosystem services such as improving water quality and renewability,increasing below and above-ground biodiversity,enhancing soil resilience to climate change and extreme events,and mitigating climate change by sequestering C in soil and reducing the emission of CO_(2),CH_(4) and N_(2)O.An effective control of accelerated erosion is essential to sustainable development and improving the environment. | Rattan Lal | 2014 | International Soil and Water Conservation Research2014，2，3： | 2 |
| 8 | Rattan Cultivation for Edible Shoot Production in Guangzhou,Southern China显示文摘Field studies were conducted in the Jiuwantan Forest Farm,Huadu District of Guangzhou City from June 2004 to March 2006 to evaluate the effects of planting spacings(0.5 m × 0.5 m,0.5 m × 1.0 m and 1.0 m × 1.0 m) and different fertilizers(bio-fermented manure,NPK compound fertilizer and NPK mixed fertilizer) on the growth of Daemonorops margaritae grown under irrigation and full-light conditions for edible shoots production.The effects of application of different fertilizers on the mean height,length of stems and number of leaves of 30-month old seedlings were not statistically significant,but the planting spacings were(P < 0.05).The two trial plantations became harvestable 18 months after planting when about one-third of seedlings produced new shoots.Results obtained from a sample harvest 20 months after planting showed that the average number of new shoots(suckers) per plant was 1.8,the average lengths of stems and edible shoots(palm hearts) were 45.3 cm and 18.8 cm,respectively.The average fresh weights of defoliated stems and edible shoots were 182.2 g and 14.9 g,respectively.These results suggest that the productivity in the first harvest is rather low. | HUANG Shi’neng1 JIANG Zehui2 ZHAO Xia1 XIAN Guangyong1 1.Research Institute of Tropical Forestry,Chinese Academy of Forestry,No.682 Guangshan Yilu,Tianhe District,Guangzhou 510520,P.R.China 2.International Centre for Bamboo and Rattan(ICBR),No.8 Futong Dongdajie,Wangjing,Chaoyang District,Beijing 100102,P.R.China | 2010 | Chinese Forestry Science and Technology2010，9，3： | 2 |
| 9 | Structural change and carbon emission of rural household energy consumption in Huantai, northern China显示文摘 | Long Liang Wenliang Wu Rattan Lal Yanbin Guo | 2013 | Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews2013，，： | 2 |
| 10 | Long-term impact of irrigation with sewage effluents on heavy metal content in soils, crops and groundwater—a case study显示文摘 | R.K. Rattan S.P. Datta P.K. Chhonkar K. Suribabu A.K. Singh | 2005 | Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment2005，，3： | 2 |
| 11 | Multidrug- resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis : Molecular Perspectives 显示文摘 | Rattan A Kalia A Ahmad N | 1998 | Emerg Infect Dis1998，4，2： | 1 |
| 12 | Plant growth hormone kinetin delays ageing,prolongs the lifespan,and slows down development of the fruitfly zaprionus paravittegei显示文摘 | Sharma S P Kaur J Rattan S I | 1995 | Biochem Biophys Res Commun1995，216，3： | 1 |
| 13 | Gastric Polypoid lesions-An eight-year study显示文摘 | Rattan J Arber N Tiomny E | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 14 | Synthesis of PEDOT:PSS(poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene/poly(4-styrene sulfonate/ngps(nanographitic platelets) nanocomposites as chemiresistive sensors for detection of nitroaromatics显示文摘 | Rattan S Singhal P Verma A L | | 0，，10： | 1 |
| 15 | Kinetin delays the onest of ageing characteristics in human fibroblasts显示文摘 | Rattan S I Clark B F | 1994 | Biochem Biophys Res Commun1994，201，2： | 1 |
| 16 | Rho/ROCK pathway as a target of tumor therapy显示文摘 | Rattan R Girl S Singh AK Singh I | 2006 | Neurosci Res2006，83，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Ecology--Managing soil carbon显示文摘 | Rattan L Griffin M Apt J etal | 2004 | Science2004，304，16： | 1 |
| 18 | Influence of weave of carbon fabric on abrasive wear performance of polyetherimide composites 显示文摘 | Rattan R Bijwe J | 2006 | Tribology Letters2006，22，1： | 1 |
| 19 | 甘丙肽在胃肠道的作用显示文摘甘丙肽(Galanin)由29个氨基酸组成,是不断增多的神经肽中的新成员。其结构与其他族的神经肽无相似之处,因此它可能不属于任何族。甘丙肽因其N端为甘氨酸而C端为丙氨酸而得名。分布甘丙肽既存在于中枢神经系统,也存在于周围神经系统。在中枢神经系统,甘丙肽广泛分布于脑和脊髓各节段的神经细胞。脊髓腰骶部含甘丙肽的神经纤维最多。 | Rattan S 孙钢 | 1992 | 国外医学(消化系疾病分册)1992，12，1： | 1 |
| 20 | Tillage effects on physical properties of agricultural organic soils of north central Ohio 显示文摘 | Jacob W E Rattan L | 2008 | Soil & TillageResearch2008，98，2： | 1 |
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