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| 1 | Specific probiotics alleviate allergic rhinitis during the birch pollen season显示文摘AIM:To investigate whether birch pollen allergy symptoms are linked with gut microbiota changes and whether probiotics have an effect on these.METHODS:Forty seven children with confirmed birch pollen allergy were randomized to receive either a probiotic combination of Lactobacillus acidophilus (L.acidophilus) NCFMTM (ATCC 700396) and Bifidobacterium lactis (B.lactis) Bl-04 (ATCC SD5219) or placebo in a double-blind manner for 4 mo,starting prior to onset of the birch pollen season.Symptoms were recorded in a diary.Blood samples were taken for analysis of cytokines and eosinophils.Fecal samples were analysed for microbiota components,calprotectin and IgA.Nasal swabs were taken for analysis of eosinophils.RESULTS:The pollen season induced a reduction in Bifidobacterium,Clostridium and Bacteroides which could not be prevented by the probiotic intervention.During the intervention,significantly higher numbers of B.lactis 11.2×107 ± 4.2×107 vs 0.1×107 ± 0.1×107 bacteria/g feces (P<0.0001) and L.acidophilus NCFMTM 3.5×106 ± 1.3×106 vs 0.2×106 ± 0.1×106 bacteria/g feces (P<0.0001) were observed in the probiotic group compared to the placebo group.During May,there was a tendency for fewer subjects,(76.2% vs 95.2%,P=0.078) to report runny nose,while during June,fewer subjects,11.1% vs 33.3%,reported nasal blocking in the probiotics group (P =0.101).Concomitantly,fewer subjects in the probiotic group had infiltration of eosinophils in the nasal mucosa compared to the placebo group,57.1% vs 95% (P=0.013).Eye symptoms tended to be slightly more frequent in the probiotic group,12.5 d [interquartile range (IQR) 6-18] vs 7.5 d (IQR 0-11.5) (P=0.066) during May.Fecal IgA was increased in the placebo group during the pollen season;this increase was prevented by the probiotics (P=0.028).CONCLUSION:Birch pollen allergy was shown to be associated with changes in fecal microbiota composition.The specific combination of probiotics used was shown to prevent the pollen-induced infiltration of eosinophils into the nasal mucosa,and indicated a trend for reduced nasal symptoms. | Arthur C Ouwehand Merja Nermes Maria Carmen Collado Nina Rautonen Seppo Salminen Erika Isolauri | 2009 | World Journal of Gastroenterology2009，15，26： | 19 |
| 2 | Human intestinal microbiota and healthy ageing显示文摘 | Kirsti Tiihonen Arthur C. Ouwehand Nina Rautonen | 2009 | Ageing Research Reviews2009，，2： | 3 |
| 3 | Xylo-oligosaccharides enhance the growth of bifidobacteria and Bifidobacterium lactis in a simulated colon model显示文摘 | H. M?kel?inen S. Forssten M. Saarinen J. Stowell N. Rautonen A. C. Ouwehand | 2009 | Beneficial Microbes2009，，1： | 1 |
| 4 | Imbalanced cytokine secretion in newborns显示文摘 | Kotiranta-Ainamo A Rautonen J Rautonen N | 2004 | Biol Neonate2004，85，： | 1 |
| 5 | Interleukin 10 production by cord blood mononuclear cells 显示文摘 | Kotiranta Ainamo A Rautonen J Rautonen N | 1997 | Pediatr Res1997，41，1： | 1 |
| 6 | Human intestinal micro- biota and healthy ageing显示文摘 | Tiihonen K Ouwehand AC Rautonen N | 2010 | Age Res Rev2010，9，2： | 1 |
| 7 | Prognostic factors in childhood acute encephalitis 显示文摘 | Rautonen J Koskiniemi M Vaheri A | 1991 | Pediatr Infect Dis J1991，10，6： | 1 |
| 8 | Human intestinal microbiota and healthy ageing显示文摘 | Tiihonen K Ouwehand AC Rautonen N | | 0，，02： | 1 |
| 9 | Probiotic cheese containing Lactobacillus rhamnosus HN001 and Lactobacillus acidophilus NCFM? modifies subpopulations of fecal lactobacilli and Clostridium difficile in the elderly显示文摘 | Sampo J. Lahtinen Sofia Forssten Juhani Aakko Linda Granlund Nina Rautonen Seppo Salminen Matti Viitanen Arthur C. Ouwehand | 2012 | AGE2012，，1： | 1 |
| 10 | Xylo-oligosaccharides enhance the growth of bifidobacteria and Bifidobacterium lactis in a simulated colon model显示文摘 | H. M?kel?inen S. Forssten M. Saarinen J. Stowell N. Rautonen A. C. Ouwehand | 2009 | Beneficial Microbes2009，，1： | 1 |
| 11 | CRIB and SNAP : assess- ing the risk of death for preterm neonates 显示文摘 | Rautonen J M~ikel~i A Boyd H | 1994 | Lancet1994，343，8908： | 1 |
| 12 | In Vitro Effects on Polydextrose by Colonic Bacteria and Caco-2 Cell Cyclooxygenase Gene Expression显示文摘 | Harri Makivuokko Jussi Nurmi Paivi Nurminen Julian Stowell Nina Rautonen | 2005 | Nutrition and Cancer2005，，1： | 1 |
| 13 | Effect of polydextrose on intestinal microbes and immune functions in pigs 显示文摘 | Fval F Makivuokko H Siljander-Rasi H Putaala H Tiihonen K Stowell J Gibson G Rautonen N | 2007 | Br J Nutr2007，98，： | 1 |
| 14 | Polydextrose, lactitol, and fructo-oligosaccharide fermentation by colonic bacteria in a three stage continuous culture system显示文摘 | PROBERT H M APAJILAHTI J H RAUTONEN N | 2004 | Alapi Environ Microbiol2004，70，： | 1 |
| 15 | Small testicles with im-paired production of sperm in adult male survivors of childhood malignancies显示文摘 | SIIMES M A RAUTONEN J | | 0，，6： | 1 |
| 16 | Human intes-tinal microbiota and healthy ageing显示文摘 | TIIHONEN K OUWEHAND AC RAUTONEN N | 2010 | Ageing Res Rev2010，9，2： | 1 |
| 17 | Intestinal immune responses in wild-type and ApcMin/ + mouse,a model for colon cancer显示文摘 | Kettunen H L Kettunen A S Rautonen N E | 2003 | Cancer Res2003，63，16： | 1 |
| 18 | Prebioties and other microbial substrates for gut functionality显示文摘 | Ouwehand A C Derrien M de Vos W Tiihonen K Rautonen N | | 0，，： | 1 |
| 19 | The aging population poses a global challenge for blood services显示文摘 | Ali A Auvinen MK Rautonen J | | 0，，03： | 1 |
| 20 | Betaine reduces the expression of inflammatory adipokines caused by hypoxia in human adipocytes显示文摘 | Olli K Lahtinen S Rautonen N | | 0，，： | 1 |
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