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| 1 | Comprehensive evaluation of the metabolic effects of insect meal from Tenebrio molitor L.in growing pigs by transcriptomics, metabolomics and lipidomics显示文摘Background:The hypothesis was tested that insect meal(IM)as protein source influences intermediary metabolism of growing pigs.To test this,30 male,5-week-old crossbred pigs were randomly assigned to 3 groups of 10 pigs each with similar body weights(BW)and fed isonitrogenous diets either without(CON)or with 5%IM(IM5)or 10%IM(IM10)from Tenebrio molitor L.for 4 weeks and key metabolic tissues(liver,muscle,plasma)were analyzed using omics-techniques.Results:Most performance parameters did not differ across the groups,whereas ileal digestibilities of most amino acids were 6.7 to 15.6%-units lower in IM10 than in CON(P<0.05).Transcriptomics of liver and skeletal muscle revealed a total of 166 and 198,respectively,transcripts differentially expressed between IM10 and CON(P<0.05).Plasma metabolomics revealed higher concentrations of alanine,citrulline,glutamate,proline,serine,tyrosine and valine and a lower concentration of asparagine in IM10 than in CON(P<0.05).Only one out of fourteen quantifiable amino acid metabolites,namely methionine sulfoxide(MetS),in plasma was elevated by 45%and 71%in IM5 and IM10,respectively,compared to CON(P<0.05).Plasma concentrations of both,major carnitine/acylcarnitine species and bile acids were not different across groups.Lipidomics of liver and plasma demonstrated no differences in the concentrations of triacylglycerols,cholesterol and the main phospholipids,lysophospholipids and sphingolipids between groups.The percentages of all individual phosphatidylcholine(PC)and phosphatidylethanolamine(PE)species in the liver showed no differences between groups,except those with 6 double bonds(PC 38:6,PC 40:6,PE 38:6,PE 40:6),which were markedly lower in IM10 than in CON(P<0.05).In line with this,the percentage of C22:6n-3 in hepatic total lipids was lower in IM10 than in the other groups(P<0.05).Conclusions:Comprehensive analyzes of the transcriptome,lipidome and metabolome of key metabolic tissues indicate that partial or complete replacement of a conventional protein source by IM in the diet has only a weak impact on the intermediary metabolism of growing pigs.Thus,it is concluded that IM from Tenebrio molitor L.can be used as a dietary source of protein in pigs without causing adverse effects on metabolism. | Sandra Meyer Denise K.Gessner Maria S.Braune Theresa Friedhoff Erika Most Marcus Höring Gerhard Liebisch Holger Zorn Klaus Eder Robert Ringseis | 2020 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2020，11，2： | 4 |
| 2 | Effect of replacement of soybean oil by Hermetia illucens fat on performance,digestibility,cecal microbiome,liver transcriptome and liver and plasma lipidomes of broilers显示文摘Background In contrast to protein-rich insect meal,the feed potential of insect fat is generally less explored and knowledge about the suitability of insect fat as a fat source specifically in broiler diets is still limited.In view of this,the present study aimed to comprehensively investigate the effect of partial(50%) and complete replacement of soybean oil with insect fat from Hermetia illucens(HI) larvae in broiler diets on performance,fat digestibility,cecal microbiome,liver transcriptome and liver and plasma lipidomes.Thus,100 male,1-day-old Cobb 500 broilers were randomly assigned to three groups and fed three different diets with either 0(group HI-0,n cens(HI) larvae fat for 35 d.= 30),2.5%(group HI-2.5,n %(HI-5.0,n = 35) or 5.0= 35) Hermetia illuResults Body weight gain,final body weight,feed intake,and feed:gain ratio during the whole period and apparent ileal digestibility coefficient for ether extract were not different between groups.Cecal microbial diversity did not differ between groups and taxonomic analysis revealed differences in the abundance of only four low-abundance bacterial taxa among groups;the abundances of phylum Actinobacteriota,class Coriobacteriia,order Coriobacteriales and family Eggerthellaceae were lower in group HI-5.0 compared to group HI-2.5(P < 0.05).Concentrations of total and individual short-chain fatty acids in the cecal digesta were not different between the three groups.Liver transcriptomics revealed a total of 55 and 25 transcripts to be differentially expressed between groups HI-5.0 vs.HI-0 and groups HI-2.5 vs.HI-0,respectively(P < 0.05).The concentrations of most lipid classes,with the exception of phosphatidylethanolamine,phosphatidylglycerol and lysophosphatidylcholine in the liver and cholesterylester and ceramide in plasma(P < 0.05),and of the sum of all lipid classes were not different between groups.Conclusions Partial and complete replacement of soybean oil with HI larvae fat in broiler diets had no effect on growth performance and only modest,but no adverse effects on the cecal microbiome and the metabolic health of broilers.This suggests that HI larvae fat can be used as an alternative fat source in broiler diets,thereby,making broiler production more sustainable. | Lea Schäfer Sarah M.Grundmann Garima Maheshwari Marcus Höring Gerhard Liebisch Erika Most Klaus Eder Robert Ringseis | 2023 | Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology2023，14，4： | 0 |
| 3 | 接受各种频率范围的硬件看门狗定时器显示文摘微控制器通常都需要一个看门狗定时器,用于在大电流或大电压时保持在安全条件下。因此很多微控制器都内置了看门狗定时器。不过,有人也可能愿意用外接电路。外接看门狗电路会检查微控制器代码的完整性,当它判断微控制器固件发生个使能信号。 | Robert Most | 2010 | 电子设计技术 EDN CHINA2010，，11： | 0 |
| 4 | 等离子体与氧杂碳化硅低介电常数隔离膜的相互作用显示文摘为了进一步降低高级器件堆叠中铜连接线的电容延迟性,我们开发了一种先进的氧杂碳化硅隔离膜(O-SiC),其介电常数为3.5,能非常有效地阻止铜的扩散。如所期望的那样,O-SiC膜可用作蚀刻和CMP的终止盖层,即需要在集成过程中防止各种等离子化学的辐射。我们检测了等离子灰化化学:O2?H2?N2,H2?N2和H2?He等离子体与O-SiC膜的相互作用,测定了膜受到的等离子损伤并检测了化学结构的变化。此外,在薄膜受到这些等离子体的辐射之后,测定了其电学性质,如泄漏电流、介电常数和介质击穿电压。结果显示,H2?He等离子灰化化学可以有效应用于O-SiC薄膜,而不会造成薄膜的关键特性退化。 | 陈维 韩清源 Robert Most Carlo Waldfried Orlando Escorcia Ivan L.Berry | 2003 | 电子工业专用设备2003，32，4： | 0 |
| 5 | 采用接近传感器的火花探测器显示文摘霍尔效应IC作为接近传感器,用于接近检测和旋转机构的角速度测量等应用。 | Robert Most | 2009 | 电子设计技术 EDN CHINA2009，，2： | 0 |
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